倡导任务型活动，启发探究式学习

金山

摘要：引导学生由单一、单纯模仿，被动接受的学习转变为运用观察、发现、推测、理解、记忆、对比、分析、联想、归纳、内化等策略进行学习，可以启发学生动脑思考，大胆想象，提高学生的英语实践能力。

关键词：英语 课堂教学 任务型

高中英语必修教科书中，创设了大量的语言运用活动，使学生能够通过亲身的参与和实践，感悟和体验英语，进一步培养学生的语言技能，提升综合语言运用能力。与此同时，这些任务型的教学活动，也帮助教师由灌输式教学转变为启发式教学，为学生的发现和探究提供了空间。

大多数任务型活动涉及社会科学和自然科学，如信息技术、航天技术、环保、法制、文学、医学、音乐、体育、美术以及工、农、商等任务型教学内容。倡导任务型教学的目的就是让学生主动参与，自主学习，启发他们动脑思考，大胆想象，旨在激发思维，开启心智，发挥创新精神，提高实践能力.

下面我就以高中英语必修五Unit 3 Life in the future为例，谈谈任务型活动的设计，以飨读者及同行。本单元的中心话题是谈未来，内容涉及人类对今后生活环境的想象、猜测和思考。所以，任务型活动可以围绕“未来生活”这一中心话题进行设计，启发学生开展探究式学习。

Task 1：Organize a trip into space

You are the guide of a space tourist group.You are going to have a meeting with 10 space tourist：who will go on their first space trip with you for 10 days. At the meeting you are going to brife them on the following.

Itinerary

When to set offHow to get around

Where to see

What to see

When to get back

Reminders

What to bring

How much to bring

Whom to contact in case of emergency

How much to pay

Students are encouraged to visit the websites suggested to get the necessary information.

Students are divided into groups of 4-6.

Step 1.Discuss where to go （see the table below for reference）.

Step 2.Make a list of activities and then decide what to do.

Step 3.Think of the name for some space hotels and the equipment the hotels have.

Step 4.Make a list of things needed for a space trip and then dicide on what tourists must bring：

Step 5.Discuss what tourists should do and should not do when they are meeting with aliens.

Step 6.Think of questions the first space tourists might ask and then design a FAQ（Frequently Asked Questions）.

Step 7.Finalize the itinerary and the FAQ.

Step 8.Present the itinerary to the class.

Step 9.Answer about three questions asked by students of other groups.

Step 10.Students vote which space trip they would like to take， and the one with most of the votes is the winner.

Task 2：Designing a future school

You are asked to design a future school，which will be open to space settlers in AD 3008.

Students are divided into groups of 4-6.

Step 1.Discuss what name the school should have.

Step 2.Decide on the location of the school.

Step 3.Make a list of school equipment and then decide on what a future space school must have.

Step 4.Discuss what ideal school size is.

Step 5.Make a list of courses that are suitable for a space school in the future and give reasons.

Step 6.Discuss what teaching methods the school will adopt and give reasons.

Step 7.Add some other points you think are necessary.

Step 8.Write an introduction to your school.

Step 9.Eachgroup presents the introduction.

Step 10.Students vote which school they would like to send their children to，and the one with most of votes is the winner.

我國基础教育英语新课程标准的教育理念是“倡导任务型教学模式，让学生在教师的指导下，通过感知、体验、实践、参与、合作等方式，实现任务型的目标，感受成功。”在英语教学过程中，如何合理设计任务型活动直接影响到教学的效果。因此，广大英语教师必须要在实际的教学过程中积极探索，大胆实践。只有这样，才能真正发挥任务活动的价值效用，为教学的深入实施提供助力。