Different? Types? of? English ?Humour Period?3??教学设计

2015-02-11 06:06王维芳
教育界·上旬 2015年1期
关键词:语法运用新课程

王维芳

【摘 要】新课标明确指出:“此次英语课程改革的重点就是要改变英语课程过分重视语法和词汇知识的讲解与传授,忽视对学生实际语言运用能力的培养的倾向……”新课标认为,高中语法教学要从用的角度出发,也就是说,语法教学不应仅停留在语言知识传授上,而应将语言形式、意义、交际功能有机结合,使学生在听、说、读、写的实际语言运用中自由地运用语法。

【关键词】语法    运用    新课程

一、教材分析

1.教材内容

本课内容是人教版Module 4 Unit 3 《Different Types of English Tumour》的第三课时“ Learning about Language”, 主要介绍v-ing 做宾补、定语和表语的情况。

2.教学目标

通过本节课的学习,学生应达到:

⑴ 语言知识目标:学习并掌握v-ing形式的句法功能和逻辑关系。

⑵ 语言技能目标:能用v-ing形式模仿造句,描述事物,表达观点、态度、情感或场景。

⑶ 情感态度目标:在合作学习的过程中享受成功的喜悦,让学生做个快乐的英语学习者。

3.教学重点与难点

重点:v-ing形式的运用

难点:如何让学生在语境中掌握语法,让语法变得生动而具体,让学生在交流的过程中掌握语法。

二、学生情况分析

本节课的教授对象为高一学生,处于高中英语学习兴趣培养和学习习惯的形成阶段。他们希望在学习过程中享受到乐趣,不希望教师死板地讲解字词及语法。他们希望老师能够激发他们的好奇心和创造力,能够创造与日常生活紧密相连的学习语境。一旦教师走进他们的生活,他们就愿意跟着老师走,掌握文化知识,了解学习策略,形成良好的人生观和价值观。

三、教学方法与教学手段

采用“情境·话题·活动”教学模式,让学生在真实或模拟情境中,灵活运用语法。用“总结归纳法”,使知识更系统化,从而使学生加深对知识的理解。采用任务型教学法,由浅入深,由易到难,循序渐进地深化教学内容。开展以教师为主导,以学生为主体的师生双边活动及学生的合作学习活动。引入简笔画,帮助学生生动形象地掌握v-ing形式。

四、教学过程及活动设计目的

Step1: Lead-in (5minutes)

1.Show a picture of Charlie Chaplin and ask students to fill in the blanks.

Charlie Chaplin was born in _______. His family was not rich, but unfortunately his father died, leaving the family _______. By his teens, Charlie had, through his humour, become one of the _______child actors in England. No one was ever bored _______ him-his subtle acting made everything _______. He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became know _______the world. The tramp, a poor, _______ man with a _______,wore large trousers,_______ shoes and a small round black hat. He walked round stiffly_______. This character was a social _______ but was loved for his optimism and determination to _______ all difficulties. He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more _______ their life.

设计意图:复习上节课所学的内容,填上重点单词和词组。这一环节的设计有两个目的:一是温故知新,二是通过集体复习的形式,初步调动课堂气氛。

2.Ask students some questions about Charlie. (pointing to the picture)

What can you see him doing?

What is his job?

What kind of person is he?

设计意图:通过问学生们一些简单的问题,把答案呈现在黑板上,同时呈现语法现象。三个问题分别涉及的是v-ing形式做表语、宾补和定语的情况。

Step 2: Exploring (5minutes)

Draw two simple pictures on the blackboard and make up more sentences.

Picture 1: a boy is reading.

Picture 2: a boy is playing football.

Help students to make up these sentences:

I find/ see a boy reading/ playing football. (O.C.)

I guess the book/ game is interesting/ exciting. (P.)

There is a boy reading a book./ playing football.(A.)

设计意图:为学生创造情境,直观而具体的对语法现象再次呈现,学生会在不经意间思考和观察这些现象的相同与不同之处。

Step 3: Inducing and concluding (8 minutes)

1.Hand out a piece of paper to every student, where students can see two short passages. Ask them to read the passages carefully and pay attention to the underlined words. Then discuss in groups of four: what are these v-ing forms used as? (O.C./A./P.)

2.Induce and conclude the rules through words to advance the understanding of v-ing forms.

设计意图:在真实的语境下,采用归纳教学法,学生间进行同伴合作,一起“观察—发现—归纳”语法结构和使用规则。学生主动参与学习,有利于学生观察、思维、分析、综合能力的培养。在操作过程中,教师可把导学案发给学生,学生可以在导学案上随时写上和同伴讨论的笔记,以及发现、总结的语法规则等。同时,根据学生总结归纳的结果,教师进行必要的板书。

Step 4: Discussing and Practicing (10 minutes)

Activity 1: Fill out the form and exchange your ideas with your partner. (using v-ing form)

My father's job is _______.       What he likes is ________.

I always hear/ see/ observe/notice him _____________.

The children _____________ can make him happy.

Activity 2: Show a picture on the screen, and ask students to describe the scene using v-ing forms.

Model: There are two people sitting on the bench.

There is a dog running.

I find a man lying on the beach.

Playing on the beach is exciting.

设计意图:此环节要求学生完成两个任务。通过上一个环节的总结和归纳,学生们对于V-ing形式作表语、定语和宾补有了一定的认识。任务一让学生通过对父亲的了解,用V-ing形式填空。任务二为学生创设情境,在情境中造句。这两个活动能有效地调动同学们的积极性,同时将语法教学与听、说结合起来。

Step 5: Writing (10 minutes)

My father went to a beach yesterday, where he had a good time…

设计意图:本环节是上一环节的延伸和升华。学生们已经完成了V-ing形式作定语、表语和宾补说的环节后,设计V-ing形式写的任务,目的是让学生在写的方面形成正确的语言习得,从而完成了听、说、读、写综合语言技能的培养。

Step 6: Summary and homework (2 minutes)

In this period, we have focused on improving students integrating skills. We have learned more about V-ing form. And the most important, we learned how to used it in our life.

Homework: Correct and beautify your composition.

设计意图:Summary 是对一节课必不可少的总结,让学生对这节课的内容有个整体的了解和巩固。Homework 的设计是根据本节课所学内容的一个书面的输出,课程的延续,使学生对这节课内容再次回顾和梳理,以巩固所学的各项知识技能目标。

五、课后反思

1.传统的语言教学中,语法多是被当作独立的语言现象来处理的,语法教学只是从词法到句法层面上培养了学生一种抽象的语言能力,真实的语言行为不是由孤立的句子构成的,而是由句子组成的语篇构成的。语法教学要关注语篇,从语篇的形式和内容入手,结合语言运用的环境,首先让学生体验、感知和理解语言意义,然后引导他们学习和归纳语法规则。语法教学应该“以情境为载体,以话题为主线,以活动为依托”。因此,注重创设情境,注重设置任务活动的“情境·话题·活动”教学模式是有现实意义的。

2.积极的教学评价能够使学生更加了解自己,也使课堂中的同学间的合作更为融洽。此外,教师也积极使用正确肯定性的课堂评价语言鼓励和激励学生,积极地促进了课堂教学的效果,使教学活动更为有效、高效。

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