miR-130a-3p下调CYLD表达对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞功能的影响

2014-08-08 22:48李登峰魏传奎宋洪明
上海医药 2014年12期
关键词:细胞培养癌基因阴性

李登峰++++魏传奎++++宋洪明++++李晓宇++++罗颀枫++++陈磊++++黄毅祥++++菅伟++++房林*

摘 要 目的:探讨miR-130a-3p对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞功能的影响及其可能的靶向基因。方法:应用脂质体介导方法将miR-130a-3p模拟物(实验组)或对照模拟物(对照组)转染MCF-7细胞,分别采用MTT方法和细胞划痕实验检测细胞增殖和迁移能力变化,印迹法检测细胞中miR-130a-3p靶基因圆柱瘤基因(CYLD)的表达。结果:与对照组比较,实验组MCF-7细胞的增殖和迁移能力增强(P<0.05),细胞中CYLD蛋白表达水平明显下调(P<0.05)。结论:miR-130a-3p可能通过靶向调节CYLD蛋白表达增强人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞的增殖和迁移。

关键词乳腺肿瘤圆柱瘤基因miR-130a-3pMCF-7细胞

中图分类号:R737.9文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-1533(2014)12-0003-04

The effect of miR-130a-3p on function of human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by down-regulating the expression of CYLD

LI Dengfeng, WEI Chuankui, SONG Hongming, LI Xiaoyu, LUO Qifeng, CHEN Lei,HUANG Yixiang, JIAN Wei, FANG Lin

(Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Tenth Peoples Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China)

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effect of miR-130a-3p on the function of human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, and to explore its possible target gene. Methods: miR-130a-3p mimics or its negative control (miR-130a-3p mimics-NC) was transfected into MCF-7 cells by lipofectamine. The capacities of proliferation and migration of MCF-7 cells were evaluated by MTT and Scratch assay, respectively. The expression of CYLD which was predicted as a target gene in MCF-7 cells was determined by Western blotting. Results: The capacities of proliferation and migration in MCF-7 cells transfected with miR-130a-3p mimics were significantly promoted and the expression level of CYLD was down-regulated when compared with those in MCF-7 cells transfected with miR-130a-3p mimics-NC(P<0.05). Conclusion: The miR-130a-3p expression can promote the proliferation and migration of human breast cancer line MCF-7 by down-regulating the expression of CYLD.

KEY WORDSbreast neoplasms; cylindromatosis; mir-130a-3p;MCF-7 cell

乳腺癌是女性常见的恶性肿瘤,也是女性癌症死亡的主要原因之一,全球每年死亡病例超过50万[1]。虽然,近年来随着乳腺癌筛查工作的开展,早期乳腺癌确诊病例比例增加,但晚期死亡率并无明显下降,因此,寻找乳腺癌特异标志物对临床诊断意义重大。已有研究提出,将微小RNA(miRNA)作为肿瘤分子标志,可用于辅助癌症的诊断和预后评估[2-3]。目前,已有研究显示miR-130a-3p在肝胰岛素敏感性和肝脂肪变中发挥作用[4],并且在尿道膀胱癌中与肿瘤的发生和发展相关[5]。然而,miR-130a-3p在乳腺癌的发生、发展、侵袭和转移中的作用及机制仍不明确。

圆柱瘤基因(CYLD)编码蛋白是一种去泛素化酶,其缺陷或缺失主要导致头部或面部皮肤肿瘤,如家族性圆柱瘤[6],同时,发现CYLD 的表达在宫颈癌、结肠癌及黑色素肉瘤显著下调[7]。最新研究发现, CYLD 在乳腺癌中表达也存在下调,其异位表达显著抑制乳腺癌相关细胞生长, 提示 CYLD 基因是肿瘤抑制性基因[8]。

本研究采用TargetScan等miRNA靶基因在线预测软件预测miR-130a-3p与CYLD的可能结合,通过脂质体介导将miRNA-130a-3p模拟物转染人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞,检测其对MCF-7细胞增殖、转移的影响,以及CYLD蛋白的表达情况,探讨其在人乳腺癌中可能参与的调节机制。

材料与方法

细胞培养

人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞购自中国科学院上海生命科学研究院细胞资源中心。MCF-7细胞加入含10% FBS、1%青-链霉素(10 000 U/ml青霉素加10 000μg/ml链霉素)的DMEM/高糖培养液,置于37 ℃、CO2体积分数为5%的培养箱中培养。在倒置光学显微镜下观察细胞生长情况,0.25%胰蛋白酶消化传代,取对数生长期的细胞用于后续实验。

MiR-130a-3p 模拟物转染乳腺癌细胞

miR-130a-3p模拟物(miR-130a-3p mimics)和阴性对照模拟物购自上海吉玛制药技术有限公司。

在培养瓶中常规培养MCF-7细胞,待细胞密度为80%~90%时,消化收集细胞;将细胞接种于6孔板中,2.5×105个细胞/孔,细胞培养至单层密度达40%~50%时,分别将终浓度为100 nmol/L的miR-130a-3p 模拟物(实验组)或阴性对照模拟物(对照组)转染至MCF-7细胞。

MTT法检测细胞增殖能力

将两组细胞培养24 h,消化、收集细胞,以2 000/孔均匀接种于96孔板。按24、48、72、96 h时间段进行如下操作:加入20 μl/孔MTT溶液(5 mg/L),继续培养4 h,弃上清液,加入150 μl/孔DMSO,置于摇床上低速振荡10 min,使结晶物充分溶解;在多功能酶联免疫检测仪上测量490 nm波长处各孔吸光度(A)值,绘制细胞增殖曲线。细胞增殖抑制率计算:抑制率=(对照组A值-实验组A值)/对照组A值×100%。每组设置6个复孔,实验重复3次。

细胞划痕法检测细胞迁移能力

将两组细胞培养24 h,消化、收集细胞,以4×105/孔均匀接种于12孔板(事先12孔板背侧用刀片比直划出横线,4条/空直线横穿过孔),待细胞培养至单层密度达80%~90%时,进行划痕,用200 μl枪头在12孔中垂直背侧横线划成“十”形,1×PBS液洗3次,然后加入含有2%的FBS的DMEM培养基,37 ℃、5%CO2 培养箱中培养。使用倒置相差显微镜分别在作用O和48 h时拍照,观察两组细胞迁移速度。

预测miR-130a-3p的靶基因

应用在线生物信息预测软件(TargetScan、Pictar、MicroRNA.org)对hsa-miR-130a-3p可能作用的靶基因进行预测,选择的原则是该基因具有物种保守性。预测结果显示,hsa-miR-130a-3p靶向结合CYLD 3-UTR。

印迹法检测CYLD蛋白表达

将两组细胞用预冷的PBS洗涤2次,RIPA裂解液裂解细胞,BCA法测定蛋白浓度。取30 μg/孔蛋白进行10% SDS-PAGE,将电泳分离后的蛋白转移至硝酸纤维素膜;5%脱脂奶粉溶液室温下封闭1 h,加入1︰1 000稀释的抗CYLD和β-actin(内参照)抗体,4 ℃反应过夜;PBST洗膜3次,加入1︰1 000稀释的二抗鼠抗兔(820 nm)IgG,室温反应30 min;PBST洗膜3次,应用Odyssey双色红外激光成像系统检测蛋白条带,结果用以目的蛋白条带的灰度值与内参照β-actin蛋白条带灰度值的比值表示目的蛋白的相对表达水平。实验重复3次。

统计学方法

应用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计学分析。计量数据以表示,样本间均数比较采用独立样本t检验,MTT检测结果应用两因素方差分析。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

结果

MiR-130a-3p抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖

与对照组比较,实验组MCF-7细胞的增殖促进率上升,在一定程度上呈时间依赖性;在作用时间为96 h时,对MCF-7细胞的增殖促进作用最强,促进率为38.2%(图1)。

MiR-130a-3p对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞迁移能力的影响

与对照组比较,实验组MCF-7细胞迁移率有明显促进(图2)。

MiR-130a-3p抑制乳腺癌细胞CYLD蛋白的表达

与对照组比较,实验组MCF-7细胞中CYLD蛋白的表达水平明显下调(t=4.249,P<0.05)(图3)。

讨论

近年来,中国乳腺癌的发病率呈逐年上升趋势,严重危害女性的健康和生命,肿瘤晚期转移是导致患者死亡的主要原因[9]。 随着研究的深入,人们对miRNAs与恶性肿瘤的关系得到了进一步的了解。肿瘤转移的miRNA异常表达可能是由于肿瘤相关染色体区域miRNA增多或缺失[10]。研究表明,肿瘤相关的miRNA主要受一些癌基因和抑癌基因调节,其本身也可调节癌基因和抑癌基因[11]。对基因组中肿瘤相关基因区域的序列分析发现,约52.5%的miRNAs编码基因位于其附近,提示miRNAs对肿瘤相关基因具有调控作用[12]。现已证实,miRNAs可导致靶基因降解或抑制其翻译,参与肿瘤的发生、发展、浸润和转移,甚至耐药性的形成,对于miRNA靶基因的确定将为人类认识和攻克肿瘤提供广阔的前景[13]。

本研究证实miR-130a-3p对人乳腺癌细胞的增殖和转移有促进作用。应用生物信息学软件预测发现,miR-130a-3p有超过100个靶基因,在众多靶基因中选择与肿瘤细胞周期有明确相关性的CYLD进行后续实验。CYLD作为一种去泛素酶,通过负向调控NF-κB活性,从而达到抑制肿瘤细胞增殖和迁移的作用[14]。已有研究报道,CYLD在乳腺癌中,通过负向调节RANKL-RANK介导的NF-κB活性,发挥抑癌基因的作用,通过相关样本分析,CYLD与临床乳腺癌无病存活率(disease-free survival, DFS)具有显著相关性。该研究发现,在ER阴性、PgR阴性或三阴性的乳腺癌组织中,CYLD阴性表达比例更高, CYLD阴性表达与ki-67高表达和细胞多核情况存在显著相关性。同时,该研究通过Kaplan–Meier 分析发现CYLD低表达通常导致不良DFS[8]。本实验结果表明,实验组乳腺癌细胞中CYLD蛋白的表达水平明显下调,提示了miR-130a-3p可能通过下调CYLD蛋白的表达水平,发挥促进MCF-7细胞的增殖和迁移作用。本研究结果还需得到后续实验的进一步证实。若明确miR-130a-3p在乳腺癌中的调控作用,可以为今后乳腺癌的治疗提供新的思路。

参考文献

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Xiao F, Yu J, Liu B, et al. A novel function of microRNA 130a-3p in hepatic insulin sensitivity and liver steatosis[J]. Diabetes, 2014, Mar 27. [Epub ahead of print]

Segersten U, Spector Y, Goren Y, et al. The role of microRNA profiling in prognosticating progression in Ta and T1 urinary bladder cancer[J]. Urol Oncol, 2014, Jan 14. pii: S1078-1439(13)00463-8. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2013.11.001. [Epub ahead of print].

van den Ouweland AM, Elfferich P, Lamping R, et al. Identification of a large rearrangement in CYLD as a cause of familiaI cylindromatosis[J]. Fam Cancer, 2011, 10(1): 127-132.

Massoumi R, Kuphal S, Hellerbrand C, et al. Down-regulation of CYLD expression by SnaiI promotes tumor progression in maIignant melanoma[J]. J Exp Med, 2009, 206(1): 221-232.

Hayashi M, Jono H, Shinriki S, et al. Clinical significance of CYLD downregulation in breast cancer[J]. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2014, 143(3): 447-457.

Lubinski J. Breast cancer genetics: 20 years later[J]. Clin Genet, 2014, 85(1): 5-6.

Harquail J, Benzina S, Robichaud GA. MicroRNAs and breast cancer m alignancy:an overview of miRNA-regulated cancer processes leading to metastasis[J]. Cancer Biomark, 2012, 11(6): 269-280.

Wee EJ, Peters K, Nair SS, et al. Mapping the regulatory sequences controlling 93 breast cancer-associated miRNA genes leads to the identification of two functional promoters of the Hsa-mir-200b cluster, methylation of which is associated with metastasis or hormone receptor status in advanced breast cancer[J]. Oncogene, 2012, 31(38): 4182-4195.

Chen W, Cai F, Zhang B, et al. The level of circulating miRNA-10b and miRNA-373 in detecting lymph node metastasis of breast cancer: potential biomarkers[J]. Tumour Biol, 2013, 34(1): 455-462.

Zhong XY, Yu JH, Zhang WG, et al. MicroRNA-421 functions as an oncogenic miRNA in biliary tract cancer through down-regulating farnesoid X receptor expression[J]. Gene, 2012, 493(1): 44-51.

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(收稿日期:2014-05-07)*作者简介:房林,主任医师,教授,甲状腺乳腺科主任,大外科副主任,外科总论教研室主任,博士生导师,医学博士。擅长乳腺癌、纤维瘤、乳腺增生等乳腺疾病及甲状腺瘤、甲状腺癌等疾病的诊治。miR-130a-3p下调CYLD表达对乳腺癌MCF-7

细胞功能的影响

李登峰魏传奎宋洪明李晓宇罗颀枫陈磊黄毅祥菅伟房林*

(同济大学附属第十人民医院甲状腺乳腺外科上海200072)

摘 要 目的:探讨miR-130a-3p对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞功能的影响及其可能的靶向基因。方法:应用脂质体介导方法将miR-130a-3p模拟物(实验组)或对照模拟物(对照组)转染MCF-7细胞,分别采用MTT方法和细胞划痕实验检测细胞增殖和迁移能力变化,印迹法检测细胞中miR-130a-3p靶基因圆柱瘤基因(CYLD)的表达。结果:与对照组比较,实验组MCF-7细胞的增殖和迁移能力增强(P<0.05),细胞中CYLD蛋白表达水平明显下调(P<0.05)。结论:miR-130a-3p可能通过靶向调节CYLD蛋白表达增强人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞的增殖和迁移。

关键词乳腺肿瘤圆柱瘤基因miR-130a-3pMCF-7细胞

中图分类号:R737.9文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-1533(2014)12-0003-04

The effect of miR-130a-3p on function of human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by down-regulating the expression of CYLD

LI Dengfeng, WEI Chuankui, SONG Hongming, LI Xiaoyu, LUO Qifeng, CHEN Lei,HUANG Yixiang, JIAN Wei, FANG Lin

(Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Tenth Peoples Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China)

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effect of miR-130a-3p on the function of human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, and to explore its possible target gene. Methods: miR-130a-3p mimics or its negative control (miR-130a-3p mimics-NC) was transfected into MCF-7 cells by lipofectamine. The capacities of proliferation and migration of MCF-7 cells were evaluated by MTT and Scratch assay, respectively. The expression of CYLD which was predicted as a target gene in MCF-7 cells was determined by Western blotting. Results: The capacities of proliferation and migration in MCF-7 cells transfected with miR-130a-3p mimics were significantly promoted and the expression level of CYLD was down-regulated when compared with those in MCF-7 cells transfected with miR-130a-3p mimics-NC(P<0.05). Conclusion: The miR-130a-3p expression can promote the proliferation and migration of human breast cancer line MCF-7 by down-regulating the expression of CYLD.

KEY WORDSbreast neoplasms; cylindromatosis; mir-130a-3p;MCF-7 cell

乳腺癌是女性常见的恶性肿瘤,也是女性癌症死亡的主要原因之一,全球每年死亡病例超过50万[1]。虽然,近年来随着乳腺癌筛查工作的开展,早期乳腺癌确诊病例比例增加,但晚期死亡率并无明显下降,因此,寻找乳腺癌特异标志物对临床诊断意义重大。已有研究提出,将微小RNA(miRNA)作为肿瘤分子标志,可用于辅助癌症的诊断和预后评估[2-3]。目前,已有研究显示miR-130a-3p在肝胰岛素敏感性和肝脂肪变中发挥作用[4],并且在尿道膀胱癌中与肿瘤的发生和发展相关[5]。然而,miR-130a-3p在乳腺癌的发生、发展、侵袭和转移中的作用及机制仍不明确。

圆柱瘤基因(CYLD)编码蛋白是一种去泛素化酶,其缺陷或缺失主要导致头部或面部皮肤肿瘤,如家族性圆柱瘤[6],同时,发现CYLD 的表达在宫颈癌、结肠癌及黑色素肉瘤显著下调[7]。最新研究发现, CYLD 在乳腺癌中表达也存在下调,其异位表达显著抑制乳腺癌相关细胞生长, 提示 CYLD 基因是肿瘤抑制性基因[8]。

本研究采用TargetScan等miRNA靶基因在线预测软件预测miR-130a-3p与CYLD的可能结合,通过脂质体介导将miRNA-130a-3p模拟物转染人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞,检测其对MCF-7细胞增殖、转移的影响,以及CYLD蛋白的表达情况,探讨其在人乳腺癌中可能参与的调节机制。

材料与方法

细胞培养

人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞购自中国科学院上海生命科学研究院细胞资源中心。MCF-7细胞加入含10% FBS、1%青-链霉素(10 000 U/ml青霉素加10 000μg/ml链霉素)的DMEM/高糖培养液,置于37 ℃、CO2体积分数为5%的培养箱中培养。在倒置光学显微镜下观察细胞生长情况,0.25%胰蛋白酶消化传代,取对数生长期的细胞用于后续实验。

MiR-130a-3p 模拟物转染乳腺癌细胞

miR-130a-3p模拟物(miR-130a-3p mimics)和阴性对照模拟物购自上海吉玛制药技术有限公司。

在培养瓶中常规培养MCF-7细胞,待细胞密度为80%~90%时,消化收集细胞;将细胞接种于6孔板中,2.5×105个细胞/孔,细胞培养至单层密度达40%~50%时,分别将终浓度为100 nmol/L的miR-130a-3p 模拟物(实验组)或阴性对照模拟物(对照组)转染至MCF-7细胞。

MTT法检测细胞增殖能力

将两组细胞培养24 h,消化、收集细胞,以2 000/孔均匀接种于96孔板。按24、48、72、96 h时间段进行如下操作:加入20 μl/孔MTT溶液(5 mg/L),继续培养4 h,弃上清液,加入150 μl/孔DMSO,置于摇床上低速振荡10 min,使结晶物充分溶解;在多功能酶联免疫检测仪上测量490 nm波长处各孔吸光度(A)值,绘制细胞增殖曲线。细胞增殖抑制率计算:抑制率=(对照组A值-实验组A值)/对照组A值×100%。每组设置6个复孔,实验重复3次。

细胞划痕法检测细胞迁移能力

将两组细胞培养24 h,消化、收集细胞,以4×105/孔均匀接种于12孔板(事先12孔板背侧用刀片比直划出横线,4条/空直线横穿过孔),待细胞培养至单层密度达80%~90%时,进行划痕,用200 μl枪头在12孔中垂直背侧横线划成“十”形,1×PBS液洗3次,然后加入含有2%的FBS的DMEM培养基,37 ℃、5%CO2 培养箱中培养。使用倒置相差显微镜分别在作用O和48 h时拍照,观察两组细胞迁移速度。

预测miR-130a-3p的靶基因

应用在线生物信息预测软件(TargetScan、Pictar、MicroRNA.org)对hsa-miR-130a-3p可能作用的靶基因进行预测,选择的原则是该基因具有物种保守性。预测结果显示,hsa-miR-130a-3p靶向结合CYLD 3-UTR。

印迹法检测CYLD蛋白表达

将两组细胞用预冷的PBS洗涤2次,RIPA裂解液裂解细胞,BCA法测定蛋白浓度。取30 μg/孔蛋白进行10% SDS-PAGE,将电泳分离后的蛋白转移至硝酸纤维素膜;5%脱脂奶粉溶液室温下封闭1 h,加入1︰1 000稀释的抗CYLD和β-actin(内参照)抗体,4 ℃反应过夜;PBST洗膜3次,加入1︰1 000稀释的二抗鼠抗兔(820 nm)IgG,室温反应30 min;PBST洗膜3次,应用Odyssey双色红外激光成像系统检测蛋白条带,结果用以目的蛋白条带的灰度值与内参照β-actin蛋白条带灰度值的比值表示目的蛋白的相对表达水平。实验重复3次。

统计学方法

应用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计学分析。计量数据以表示,样本间均数比较采用独立样本t检验,MTT检测结果应用两因素方差分析。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

结果

MiR-130a-3p抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖

与对照组比较,实验组MCF-7细胞的增殖促进率上升,在一定程度上呈时间依赖性;在作用时间为96 h时,对MCF-7细胞的增殖促进作用最强,促进率为38.2%(图1)。

MiR-130a-3p对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞迁移能力的影响

与对照组比较,实验组MCF-7细胞迁移率有明显促进(图2)。

MiR-130a-3p抑制乳腺癌细胞CYLD蛋白的表达

与对照组比较,实验组MCF-7细胞中CYLD蛋白的表达水平明显下调(t=4.249,P<0.05)(图3)。

讨论

近年来,中国乳腺癌的发病率呈逐年上升趋势,严重危害女性的健康和生命,肿瘤晚期转移是导致患者死亡的主要原因[9]。 随着研究的深入,人们对miRNAs与恶性肿瘤的关系得到了进一步的了解。肿瘤转移的miRNA异常表达可能是由于肿瘤相关染色体区域miRNA增多或缺失[10]。研究表明,肿瘤相关的miRNA主要受一些癌基因和抑癌基因调节,其本身也可调节癌基因和抑癌基因[11]。对基因组中肿瘤相关基因区域的序列分析发现,约52.5%的miRNAs编码基因位于其附近,提示miRNAs对肿瘤相关基因具有调控作用[12]。现已证实,miRNAs可导致靶基因降解或抑制其翻译,参与肿瘤的发生、发展、浸润和转移,甚至耐药性的形成,对于miRNA靶基因的确定将为人类认识和攻克肿瘤提供广阔的前景[13]。

本研究证实miR-130a-3p对人乳腺癌细胞的增殖和转移有促进作用。应用生物信息学软件预测发现,miR-130a-3p有超过100个靶基因,在众多靶基因中选择与肿瘤细胞周期有明确相关性的CYLD进行后续实验。CYLD作为一种去泛素酶,通过负向调控NF-κB活性,从而达到抑制肿瘤细胞增殖和迁移的作用[14]。已有研究报道,CYLD在乳腺癌中,通过负向调节RANKL-RANK介导的NF-κB活性,发挥抑癌基因的作用,通过相关样本分析,CYLD与临床乳腺癌无病存活率(disease-free survival, DFS)具有显著相关性。该研究发现,在ER阴性、PgR阴性或三阴性的乳腺癌组织中,CYLD阴性表达比例更高, CYLD阴性表达与ki-67高表达和细胞多核情况存在显著相关性。同时,该研究通过Kaplan–Meier 分析发现CYLD低表达通常导致不良DFS[8]。本实验结果表明,实验组乳腺癌细胞中CYLD蛋白的表达水平明显下调,提示了miR-130a-3p可能通过下调CYLD蛋白的表达水平,发挥促进MCF-7细胞的增殖和迁移作用。本研究结果还需得到后续实验的进一步证实。若明确miR-130a-3p在乳腺癌中的调控作用,可以为今后乳腺癌的治疗提供新的思路。

参考文献

DeSantis C, Ma J, Bryan L, et al. Breast cancer statistics, 2013[J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2014, 64(1): 52-62.

Li X, Wang Q, Zheng Y, et al. Prioritizing human cancer microRNAs based on genes functional consistency between microRNA and cancer[J]. Nucleic Acids Res, 2011, 39(22): e153.

Liu J, Zheng M, Tang YL, et al. MicroRNAs, an active and versatile group in cancers[J]. Int J Oral Sci, 2011, 3(4): 165-175.

Xiao F, Yu J, Liu B, et al. A novel function of microRNA 130a-3p in hepatic insulin sensitivity and liver steatosis[J]. Diabetes, 2014, Mar 27. [Epub ahead of print]

Segersten U, Spector Y, Goren Y, et al. The role of microRNA profiling in prognosticating progression in Ta and T1 urinary bladder cancer[J]. Urol Oncol, 2014, Jan 14. pii: S1078-1439(13)00463-8. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2013.11.001. [Epub ahead of print].

van den Ouweland AM, Elfferich P, Lamping R, et al. Identification of a large rearrangement in CYLD as a cause of familiaI cylindromatosis[J]. Fam Cancer, 2011, 10(1): 127-132.

Massoumi R, Kuphal S, Hellerbrand C, et al. Down-regulation of CYLD expression by SnaiI promotes tumor progression in maIignant melanoma[J]. J Exp Med, 2009, 206(1): 221-232.

Hayashi M, Jono H, Shinriki S, et al. Clinical significance of CYLD downregulation in breast cancer[J]. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2014, 143(3): 447-457.

Lubinski J. Breast cancer genetics: 20 years later[J]. Clin Genet, 2014, 85(1): 5-6.

Harquail J, Benzina S, Robichaud GA. MicroRNAs and breast cancer m alignancy:an overview of miRNA-regulated cancer processes leading to metastasis[J]. Cancer Biomark, 2012, 11(6): 269-280.

Wee EJ, Peters K, Nair SS, et al. Mapping the regulatory sequences controlling 93 breast cancer-associated miRNA genes leads to the identification of two functional promoters of the Hsa-mir-200b cluster, methylation of which is associated with metastasis or hormone receptor status in advanced breast cancer[J]. Oncogene, 2012, 31(38): 4182-4195.

Chen W, Cai F, Zhang B, et al. The level of circulating miRNA-10b and miRNA-373 in detecting lymph node metastasis of breast cancer: potential biomarkers[J]. Tumour Biol, 2013, 34(1): 455-462.

Zhong XY, Yu JH, Zhang WG, et al. MicroRNA-421 functions as an oncogenic miRNA in biliary tract cancer through down-regulating farnesoid X receptor expression[J]. Gene, 2012, 493(1): 44-51.

Iliopoulos D, Jaeger SA, Hirsch HA, et al. STAT3 activation of miR-21 and miR-181b-1 via PTEN and CYLD are part of the epigenetic switch linking inflammation to cancer[J]. Mol Cell, 2010, 39(4): 493-506.

(收稿日期:2014-05-07)

参考文献

DeSantis C, Ma J, Bryan L, et al. Breast cancer statistics, 2013[J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2014, 64(1): 52-62.

Li X, Wang Q, Zheng Y, et al. Prioritizing human cancer microRNAs based on genes functional consistency between microRNA and cancer[J]. Nucleic Acids Res, 2011, 39(22): e153.

Liu J, Zheng M, Tang YL, et al. MicroRNAs, an active and versatile group in cancers[J]. Int J Oral Sci, 2011, 3(4): 165-175.

Xiao F, Yu J, Liu B, et al. A novel function of microRNA 130a-3p in hepatic insulin sensitivity and liver steatosis[J]. Diabetes, 2014, Mar 27. [Epub ahead of print]

Segersten U, Spector Y, Goren Y, et al. The role of microRNA profiling in prognosticating progression in Ta and T1 urinary bladder cancer[J]. Urol Oncol, 2014, Jan 14. pii: S1078-1439(13)00463-8. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2013.11.001. [Epub ahead of print].

van den Ouweland AM, Elfferich P, Lamping R, et al. Identification of a large rearrangement in CYLD as a cause of familiaI cylindromatosis[J]. Fam Cancer, 2011, 10(1): 127-132.

Massoumi R, Kuphal S, Hellerbrand C, et al. Down-regulation of CYLD expression by SnaiI promotes tumor progression in maIignant melanoma[J]. J Exp Med, 2009, 206(1): 221-232.

Hayashi M, Jono H, Shinriki S, et al. Clinical significance of CYLD downregulation in breast cancer[J]. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2014, 143(3): 447-457.

Lubinski J. Breast cancer genetics: 20 years later[J]. Clin Genet, 2014, 85(1): 5-6.

Harquail J, Benzina S, Robichaud GA. MicroRNAs and breast cancer m alignancy:an overview of miRNA-regulated cancer processes leading to metastasis[J]. Cancer Biomark, 2012, 11(6): 269-280.

Wee EJ, Peters K, Nair SS, et al. Mapping the regulatory sequences controlling 93 breast cancer-associated miRNA genes leads to the identification of two functional promoters of the Hsa-mir-200b cluster, methylation of which is associated with metastasis or hormone receptor status in advanced breast cancer[J]. Oncogene, 2012, 31(38): 4182-4195.

Chen W, Cai F, Zhang B, et al. The level of circulating miRNA-10b and miRNA-373 in detecting lymph node metastasis of breast cancer: potential biomarkers[J]. Tumour Biol, 2013, 34(1): 455-462.

Zhong XY, Yu JH, Zhang WG, et al. MicroRNA-421 functions as an oncogenic miRNA in biliary tract cancer through down-regulating farnesoid X receptor expression[J]. Gene, 2012, 493(1): 44-51.

Iliopoulos D, Jaeger SA, Hirsch HA, et al. STAT3 activation of miR-21 and miR-181b-1 via PTEN and CYLD are part of the epigenetic switch linking inflammation to cancer[J]. Mol Cell, 2010, 39(4): 493-506.

(收稿日期:2014-05-07)

参考文献

DeSantis C, Ma J, Bryan L, et al. Breast cancer statistics, 2013[J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2014, 64(1): 52-62.

Li X, Wang Q, Zheng Y, et al. Prioritizing human cancer microRNAs based on genes functional consistency between microRNA and cancer[J]. Nucleic Acids Res, 2011, 39(22): e153.

Liu J, Zheng M, Tang YL, et al. MicroRNAs, an active and versatile group in cancers[J]. Int J Oral Sci, 2011, 3(4): 165-175.

Xiao F, Yu J, Liu B, et al. A novel function of microRNA 130a-3p in hepatic insulin sensitivity and liver steatosis[J]. Diabetes, 2014, Mar 27. [Epub ahead of print]

Segersten U, Spector Y, Goren Y, et al. The role of microRNA profiling in prognosticating progression in Ta and T1 urinary bladder cancer[J]. Urol Oncol, 2014, Jan 14. pii: S1078-1439(13)00463-8. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2013.11.001. [Epub ahead of print].

van den Ouweland AM, Elfferich P, Lamping R, et al. Identification of a large rearrangement in CYLD as a cause of familiaI cylindromatosis[J]. Fam Cancer, 2011, 10(1): 127-132.

Massoumi R, Kuphal S, Hellerbrand C, et al. Down-regulation of CYLD expression by SnaiI promotes tumor progression in maIignant melanoma[J]. J Exp Med, 2009, 206(1): 221-232.

Hayashi M, Jono H, Shinriki S, et al. Clinical significance of CYLD downregulation in breast cancer[J]. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2014, 143(3): 447-457.

Lubinski J. Breast cancer genetics: 20 years later[J]. Clin Genet, 2014, 85(1): 5-6.

Harquail J, Benzina S, Robichaud GA. MicroRNAs and breast cancer m alignancy:an overview of miRNA-regulated cancer processes leading to metastasis[J]. Cancer Biomark, 2012, 11(6): 269-280.

Wee EJ, Peters K, Nair SS, et al. Mapping the regulatory sequences controlling 93 breast cancer-associated miRNA genes leads to the identification of two functional promoters of the Hsa-mir-200b cluster, methylation of which is associated with metastasis or hormone receptor status in advanced breast cancer[J]. Oncogene, 2012, 31(38): 4182-4195.

Chen W, Cai F, Zhang B, et al. The level of circulating miRNA-10b and miRNA-373 in detecting lymph node metastasis of breast cancer: potential biomarkers[J]. Tumour Biol, 2013, 34(1): 455-462.

Zhong XY, Yu JH, Zhang WG, et al. MicroRNA-421 functions as an oncogenic miRNA in biliary tract cancer through down-regulating farnesoid X receptor expression[J]. Gene, 2012, 493(1): 44-51.

Iliopoulos D, Jaeger SA, Hirsch HA, et al. STAT3 activation of miR-21 and miR-181b-1 via PTEN and CYLD are part of the epigenetic switch linking inflammation to cancer[J]. Mol Cell, 2010, 39(4): 493-506.

(收稿日期:2014-05-07)

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