黄丽
临近高考了,有经验的老师们都会在作文上加大力气。这个时候,学生要写好一篇考场作文,教师要全部批改出来,都是严峻的挑战。基于此,笔者试从以下角度出发,展示给学生:一篇好的读写任务是如何生成的;和教师们分享:学生同伴评价的具体操作。希望给到大家一点帮助。
先请阅读以下读写任务材料,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
As a kid, I was a little fat. In college, I was less active, and I started blowing up. It got out of control when I went to law school. At the age of 30, I weighed 414 pounds. I was always tired. I have a family history of heart disease, and I was scared. I also wanted to look better. So a few weeks after my birthday, in the spring of 2006, I started to lose weight.
Walking was all I could do at first. I started by walking to a subway stop a few blocks away instead of the one closest to my apartment. I gradually increased the distance. A year later, I started to run. At first I could run for only two minutes, but I kept on.
I made a difference. I was losing nine or ten pounds a month, and I had a lot more energy. I started to think about the New York City Marathon, which goes right past my apartment building. For years, I thought I could never do that. But now I realized that maybe I could...
By my 33rd birthday, in the spring of 2009, I was down to 180 pounds. That summer, I started formally training for the marathon. And on the morning of November 1, I stood on the Verrazano Bridge in Staten Island with more than 40,000 other runners, waiting for the event to start.
When we started moving, it was an amazing feeling to have people cheering me on, handing me cups of water. In Harlem, my mom and brother stood on a street corner, waving. And then I crossed the finishing line in Central Park, and somebody put a medal around my neck. I was in tears from being so happy.
【写作内容】
1. 以约30词概括上文的主要内容;
2. 以约120词就“持之以恒”这个话题发表你的看法,内容包括:
(1)你读后的感受;
(2)用你自己或他人的经历说明持之以恒的重要性;
(3)呼吁大家坚持就是胜利。
第一步:Summary
请看一位学生写的Summary:
The passage told us that my experience of lose weight and though the hardly exercise, I lost my weight down to 180 pounds in 2009 and won the medal in formally training at last.
请大家评价一下,上面的Summary分值5分,可以打几分?
笔者评价:1~2分。分数往上还是往下浮动也许还取决于该学生的书写。从记叙文的概括角度来说,该记叙文的几要素应概括:Who?(The author); What?(was getting very fat when young); How?(lost weight step by step;joined in the City Marathon); Result?(achieved great success)。此学生的Summary要点比较齐全,只是语病较多,格式不规范。可改动如下:
The passage tells us the writers experience of losing weight. Through the hard /pains-taking exercise, he lost weight successfully and even won a medal in formally training at last.
再请参考一篇优秀的Summary:
The author was getting very fat when young and he tried to lose weight step by step. He tried hard and even joined in the City Marathon. At last he achieved great success.
同伴互评:了解Summary的评分细则,评价同伴的写作,并请完成“同伴互评反馈模式测量评价表”表1。(表格附文后)
第二步:要点(1)你读后的感受。
“读后感受”,即要求大家在阅读完故事后,表达心情感受,这类要点通常含有“你读(……)后的感受”,2007、2008年高考曾考过这类要点。那么读完本文,你的心情感受的词有哪些?学生头脑风暴:①感动touched /moved; ②受启发的,受鼓舞的inspired /encouraged;③印象深刻的impressed;④钦佩admire;⑤高度评价think highly of...
用以下任一主题句开头:
1. 这篇文章给我留下了深刻的印象。
The passage ___________________________ me.(leaves a strong impression on)
endprint
2. 读完这篇文章后,我对持之以恒有了更深刻的了解。
Having read the passage,I_________________________ being persistent /persevered. (have a better understanding of)
请看一位学生写的Point 1部分:
After reading the passage, I was so respect the writers sprit which can make people stick to realizing their dream by themselves.
修改:
After reading the passage, I admire the writer very much for his spirit, which encourages me to keep on chasing my dream.
除了改动语病以外,还有一个问题就是:作为一个要点,怎样再写长一点?怎样没话找话说?且说的有条理?
事实上,表达完心情感受后,可以就原故事中的人和事发表看法。基本模板是:“感受句+就事论事”。
如下面的这个段落的扩展思路:回答要点+重述故事+故事启示。
After reading the story, I think highly of the authors efforts and strong will. I can imagine how painful and tough the process of losing weight is, especially for a man weighing 414 pounds. But he never said die, conquering the hunger and exhaust with amazing perseverance instead. Without doubt, its the perseverance that gave him energy and bravery to his target.
或者如下面的这个段落的扩展思路:回答要点+反面论证+故事启示。
Having read this passage, I was deeply touched /moved and admired the author for his insistence /perseverance. If he had not been so determined and persistent, he would not have lost so much weight and lived an exciting life. His story shows that if one sets his mind to something, nothing is impossible.
同伴互评:了解要点1的评分细则,评价同伴的写作,并请完成“同伴互评反馈模式测量评价表”表2。
第三步:要点(2)用你自己或他人的经历说明持之以恒的重要性。
可以用到的主题句:
1. 这个故事让我想起我的一次相似经历。
This story _____________ my own similar experience. (reminds me of)
2. 我曾有过难以忘怀的/相似的经历。
I once had _______________/___________ experience. (an unforgettable/a similar)
3. 读了这个故事/这篇文章后,我不禁想起我的一个经历。
After reading the story/passage,I ____________________ one of my experience. (cant help remembering)
4. 我突然想起我朋友的一次相似的经历。
_______________________ my friend had a similar experience. (It occurs to me that)
5. 我朋友的一次经历是有说服力的一个例子。
One of my friends experiences is _____________________. (a convincing example)
请看一位学生的经历部分:
One day, my father readied to go fishing alone. In my eyes, it seems to be so interesting that I followed my father to go fishing. Many minutes later, I feel it so boring because of no fish. So, I determined to give up and went to play near the places where my father fishing. But, my father continued fishing although I gave up. And then, my father was rewarded some fish but I have none.
笔者评价:语病多暂时不说了;很明显,本段落开头缺主题句;结尾未点题。所以从结构上说,他完全可以学会搭造漂亮的框架。改动如下:(注:“起承转合”写好“经历”一文请参考本刊2013年第3期)
(主题句)It reminds me of a similar experience. (起)One day my father announced that he would go fishing. On hearing that, I felt excited since I had never gone out for a long time. (承) We had been fishing all morning but hadnt had a single bite.Frustrated, I decided to give it up and went to play. (转)However, my father didnt lose heart and continued to hold the fishing rod there. (合)Guess whatFinally, my father caught a lot of fish. (点题)Of course, without perseverance, anyone couldnt catch any fish. So do our study and life.
再请看另一位学生的经历部分:
When it comes to the persistence, it reminds me of an experience like this. At my birthday of ten, I received a beautiful bike as my birthday present, but I didnt know how to ride the bike. After that day, I decided to learn riding bike with my mother who guided me. I rode up the bike, and then fell down. Rode up and fell down, rode up and fell down, once again and again. It hurt my hands and knees badly. A week later, I felt depressed that I only could ride meters while other children rode their bikes freely. Although how hard it was, I never gave up. Eventually, with my mothers encouragement, I persevered and rode the bike successfully.
endprint
笔者评价:故事前奏铺垫太多;语言有待提高。改动如下:
(主题句) This encouraging story reminds me of my own experience when I first learned to ride a bike. (起)At the beginning, I found it hard to learn to ride on a bike since I couldnt gain my balance, making myself all black and blue. (承)I could still remember how my young fellows persuaded me to give up, laughing at my awkward performance. Having failed many times, I intended to give it up. (转)Thanks to my mothers guidance and encouragement, I finally managed to ride freely like other children. (合)Without perseverance, I definitely couldnt ride a bike now!
同伴互评:了解要点2的评分细则,评价同伴的写作,并请完成“同伴互评反馈模式测量评价表”表3。
第四步:要点(3)呼吁大家坚持就是胜利。
可用到的表示呼吁或建议的句式:
1. I call on everybody to develop a strong will and keep passion to do anything. Make a practical plan and follow it every day. I firmly believe that success favors only the persevering mind!
2. Therefore, by no means should we give in when faced with drawback. Be full of confidence and motivation, approach our dreams step by step, and we will finally achieve our dreams in life one day.
3. Personally, both of the success of the authors and mine is the miracle created by perseverance. So, I appeal to you to persist in what you like. Only in this way can you make a miracle of your own!
4. So my dear friends, I strongly recommend that only with insistence can your dream eventually come true! Just keep it in mind, “Rome wasn't built in one day.”
同伴互评:了解要点3的评分细则,评价同伴的写作,并请完成“同伴互评反馈模式测量评价表”表4。
第五步:小组内讨论。学生根据教师评讲及同伴互评的建议重写一遍作文。
附:同伴互评反馈模式测量评价表:
同伴_________________ 全项总得分______________评价人 _________________
通过多次的教学反馈,上述所列的读写任务逐步推进法帮到很多平时没话写的学生解决了困难,理清了思路。同时,在作文评讲方面,把同伴互评融入到常规的全批、面批之中,采用了量化评价表,加强了学生自主消化的过程,也使得教师在操作上更有实用性。期待能与大家共同进步!
(作者单位:开平市开侨中学)
责任编校蒋小青
endprint
笔者评价:故事前奏铺垫太多;语言有待提高。改动如下:
(主题句) This encouraging story reminds me of my own experience when I first learned to ride a bike. (起)At the beginning, I found it hard to learn to ride on a bike since I couldnt gain my balance, making myself all black and blue. (承)I could still remember how my young fellows persuaded me to give up, laughing at my awkward performance. Having failed many times, I intended to give it up. (转)Thanks to my mothers guidance and encouragement, I finally managed to ride freely like other children. (合)Without perseverance, I definitely couldnt ride a bike now!
同伴互评:了解要点2的评分细则,评价同伴的写作,并请完成“同伴互评反馈模式测量评价表”表3。
第四步:要点(3)呼吁大家坚持就是胜利。
可用到的表示呼吁或建议的句式:
1. I call on everybody to develop a strong will and keep passion to do anything. Make a practical plan and follow it every day. I firmly believe that success favors only the persevering mind!
2. Therefore, by no means should we give in when faced with drawback. Be full of confidence and motivation, approach our dreams step by step, and we will finally achieve our dreams in life one day.
3. Personally, both of the success of the authors and mine is the miracle created by perseverance. So, I appeal to you to persist in what you like. Only in this way can you make a miracle of your own!
4. So my dear friends, I strongly recommend that only with insistence can your dream eventually come true! Just keep it in mind, “Rome wasn't built in one day.”
同伴互评:了解要点3的评分细则,评价同伴的写作,并请完成“同伴互评反馈模式测量评价表”表4。
第五步:小组内讨论。学生根据教师评讲及同伴互评的建议重写一遍作文。
附:同伴互评反馈模式测量评价表:
同伴_________________ 全项总得分______________评价人 _________________
通过多次的教学反馈,上述所列的读写任务逐步推进法帮到很多平时没话写的学生解决了困难,理清了思路。同时,在作文评讲方面,把同伴互评融入到常规的全批、面批之中,采用了量化评价表,加强了学生自主消化的过程,也使得教师在操作上更有实用性。期待能与大家共同进步!
(作者单位:开平市开侨中学)
责任编校蒋小青
endprint
笔者评价:故事前奏铺垫太多;语言有待提高。改动如下:
(主题句) This encouraging story reminds me of my own experience when I first learned to ride a bike. (起)At the beginning, I found it hard to learn to ride on a bike since I couldnt gain my balance, making myself all black and blue. (承)I could still remember how my young fellows persuaded me to give up, laughing at my awkward performance. Having failed many times, I intended to give it up. (转)Thanks to my mothers guidance and encouragement, I finally managed to ride freely like other children. (合)Without perseverance, I definitely couldnt ride a bike now!
同伴互评:了解要点2的评分细则,评价同伴的写作,并请完成“同伴互评反馈模式测量评价表”表3。
第四步:要点(3)呼吁大家坚持就是胜利。
可用到的表示呼吁或建议的句式:
1. I call on everybody to develop a strong will and keep passion to do anything. Make a practical plan and follow it every day. I firmly believe that success favors only the persevering mind!
2. Therefore, by no means should we give in when faced with drawback. Be full of confidence and motivation, approach our dreams step by step, and we will finally achieve our dreams in life one day.
3. Personally, both of the success of the authors and mine is the miracle created by perseverance. So, I appeal to you to persist in what you like. Only in this way can you make a miracle of your own!
4. So my dear friends, I strongly recommend that only with insistence can your dream eventually come true! Just keep it in mind, “Rome wasn't built in one day.”
同伴互评:了解要点3的评分细则,评价同伴的写作,并请完成“同伴互评反馈模式测量评价表”表4。
第五步:小组内讨论。学生根据教师评讲及同伴互评的建议重写一遍作文。
附:同伴互评反馈模式测量评价表:
同伴_________________ 全项总得分______________评价人 _________________
通过多次的教学反馈,上述所列的读写任务逐步推进法帮到很多平时没话写的学生解决了困难,理清了思路。同时,在作文评讲方面,把同伴互评融入到常规的全批、面批之中,采用了量化评价表,加强了学生自主消化的过程,也使得教师在操作上更有实用性。期待能与大家共同进步!
(作者单位:开平市开侨中学)
责任编校蒋小青
endprint