上海国际汽车城东方瑞仕幼儿园

周蔚，张斌/zHOU Wei, zHANG Bin

上海国际汽车城东方瑞仕幼儿园

Kindergarten in Shanghai International Automobile City

周蔚，张斌/zHOU Wei, zHANG Bin

作为上海国际汽车城的教育配套项目，东方瑞仕幼儿园位于一块两侧临路、一侧临河的不规则三角形场地上，周边分布有高标准的住宅区、研发机构和高尔夫度假酒店，基地东西两侧住宅区的跨河连通道路在基地北角穿过。

与国内一般3层为主的幼儿园模式不同，相对宽裕的场地面积让我们有机会尝试去做一个带有丰富户外空间的两层的幼儿园。这既是对于场地条件的充分回应，也是对于如何在规模偏大的幼儿园建制空间中让幼儿更自主、便利地与自然接触的主动探讨。同时，相对于一般幼儿园中与当代中国城市生存经验普遍同构的盒子般的内部空间体验，我们更希望为幼儿创造一种更接近人类原初生存经验和空间原型的内部感知，让他们在这样一种富有启发性的空间环境中更有想象力地成长。

所有日托班、管理办公、后勤等功能用房都分布在一个沿东、南两侧道路展开的相对规整的L形两层体量中。主入口开在东侧道路上，由一个内凹的带有玻璃雨棚和大树的入口庭院过渡到门厅空间。底层由一条居于L形体量内侧的蜿蜒宽大的长廊串联所有空间，南翼是一字排开的5个托儿班，带有各自的分班活动场地，并在西侧尽端通过一个架空的活动空间与集中活动场地相连；办公部分在东南角，配有一个内向庭院；而后勤部分在东翼北段。整个L形体量的底层成为一个基座平台，二层的10个幼儿班是分布在基座上的5个两两一组的单元体：南翼的3组布置紧凑，以北侧的曲折短廊相连；东翼的两组南北拉开，以居中的一字长廊相通；单元体之间都是绿化屋顶或活动平台，而东、南两翼之间通过办公部分上方的屋顶花园连通。每个单元体都由配有居中内凹双侧天窗的连续坡折屋面覆盖，并在北侧的屋面内整合了空调及设备平台。这样的特殊设计使幼儿班及走廊内都高敞明亮，每一组双坡屋面都对应了班内的活动室、卧室或卫生间，使幼儿在大进深的班级内部有一种居于屋檐下、透过天窗光庭对望不同空间的屋顶和天空的奇特感受。这种感受首先和人类原初的居家及在家的屋檐下获得庇护的安定感有关联，这种安定感来自对于自身所处时空位置的最大限度的肯定和把握；同时，这种感受又和聚落聚居的人们在安定的基础上寻求自由和交流的愿望相联系，可以启发幼儿在空间中的探索和发现。这就像我们的心灵可以安坐其中，思绪却能飘向上空，神游般地看清楚自己的躯壳。

所有的公共活动空间，包括室内泳池、多功能活动室和6个专题活动室3部分，成为从主体量中向沿河方向自由伸出的3个相对通透的单层体量，它们之间及外围与河道之间形成一系列形态各异的绿化及活动庭院。3个体量层高各不相同，屋顶成为高低错落、带有绿化的3个活动平台，其中泳池屋顶的活动场地是一个高敞的、由半透明穿孔铝板包裹的、与二层单元体同构的、虚幻的“房子”，内部布置充气的悬浮云朵、各型户外玩具和大型盆栽绿化，成为一处带有梦幻色彩的抽象的城堡，我们称其为“天空之城”。这些沿河一侧的地面及屋顶的户内、户外活动空间成为屏蔽了交通干扰、景观优越的公共交流空间。

L形的主体由银灰色的金属屋面及涂料墙面组成轻盈的背景，各种营造水平视野的长窗带以及内凹窗带洞口侧边的色彩处理成为立面上的认知重点。公共活动部分的竖向窗带及其由穿孔铝板包裹的彩色窗间墙共同营造了通透、柔和的效果，模糊了建筑体量和环境景观的界限，并以那个虚幻的“天空之城”以及其中透出的多样童趣作为沿河一侧的空间焦点。室内设计在墙面及顶棚上延续了浅淡的色彩处理，同时，大量的枫木表面隔断和橱柜也增强了空间的温暖感。□

Unlike regular three-storied kindergarten in China, the spacious site gives us the opportunity to design a two-storied kindergarten with open outdoor space. is is not only an adequate response to the site conditions, but also allows children to actively interact with nature in a large scaled kindergarten environment. At the same time, as opposed to the isolated box-like inner space experience of general kindergartens, an experience isomorphic to contemporary Chinese urban life experience, we aim to create a kind of perception of interior space which is closer to natural primitive experience and space prototypes. As a result, children are given the opportunity to grow in an inspiring setting.

All daycare units, office management, and logistics spaces are distributed in a two-story L-shaped space along the east and south roads. The main entrance is located on the east side, and a glass canopy and a large tree mark the concave entrance courtyard and transition into foyer space. A spacious L-shaped winding corridor on inner side of the ground foor connects all spaces together. The south wing consists of five nursery units each with their own playground areas. The individual playgrounds are joined together with the collective playground by a cantilever space on the west end. Ofce spaces are situated in the southeast corner, with an enclosed courtyard; while the logistical part sits of the northern section of the east wing. The entire L-shaped ground foor acts as a pedestal platform for the level above. The second floor contains ten daycare units. Every two units are grouped into one group and distributed on top of the pedestal platform. Three compact groups in the south wing are connected with the twisted corridor on the north side. Two groups in the east wing stretch in north-south direction and connect with the linear centralized corridor. Green roofs and activity platforms are placed between every group, while east and south wings are joined by roof garden above the ofce spaces. Each group is covered with a centralized concave skylight and multi-gabled roof. The north side of the roof is equipped with airconditioning and all other integrated equipment. is special design draws sunlight into nursery units and corridors. The multi-gabled roof corresponds to the activities within the classrooms, bedrooms or bathrooms. As a result, children are given the chance to experience different light and sky conditions through unique interior spaces. This experience is related to sense of security derived from the primitive prototype of home life. This sensation is related to affirmation and assurance of temporal and spatial positioning one feels in an environment. At thesame time, this sensation is connected to peoples' desire to seek freedom and interaction in a peaceful settlement. The experience inspires children to explore and discover. Similarly, it is just like how one's body remains still while the soul wonders freely.

All public spaces – including an indoor swimming pool, a multi-purpose room and six special-occasion rooms-become three one-story relatively transparent volumes that extend from the L-shaped main mass to the river. Different forms and shapes of greenery and activity courtyards situate between these three volumes. ese volumes are different in height, thus the rooftops become activity platforms with roof gardens at various levels. The roof top of the indoor pool is a shadowy "house" which is similar to other units groups on the second floor and constructed of translucent perforated material. The internal space is flled with inflated floating "clouds", various types of outdoor toys and large plants. The environment appears like a dream-like and is castle known as the "Castle in the Sky". ese indoor and outside spaces along the river block trafc disturbance and become excellent public interactive spaces.

The silver metal roof and painted walls of the main L-shaped volume becomes the light backdrop. A variety of eye-level windows and colors on the side of recess window openings become the focal points of facades. The vertical portion of mullioned windows and the colored wall between windows clad with perforated aluminum sheeting create a transparent and soft effect. The effect blurs the boundary between building volume and landscape. The building uses the shadowy "Castle in the Sky" and its playfulness as a focal point along the riverside. Light color treatment on interior walls and ceilings, and use of maple on partitions and cabinets enhance the coziness of the interior environment.□

4 “天空之城”西侧外观/"Castle in the sky" view from west

5 轴测图/Axonometric drawing

6 二层屋面活动平台/Roof terrace

7 “天空之城”/"Castle in the sky"

Paraffin-embedded tumor sections were stained with PCNA antibody (1 : 400). Detection was carried out by using GTVisinTM immunohistochemical analysis KIT (Gene Tech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). The images were observed under a microscope (IX73; Olympus, Japan).

项目信息/Credits and Data

建筑师/Architects：周蔚，张斌/致正建筑工作室/zHOU Wei, zHANG Bin /Atelier z+

设计团队/Project Team：袁怡，孟昊，李姿娜，王佳绮，潘凌飞，张展/YUAN Yi , MENG Hao, LI zina, WANG jiaqi, PAN Lingfei, zHANG zhan

合作设计/Design Cooperation：上海江南建筑设计院有限公司/Shanghai jiangnan Architectural Design Institute Co., Ltd.

客户/Client：上海国际汽车城(集团)有限公司/Shanghai International Automobile City (Group) Co., Ltd.

承建方/General Contractor：上海万恒建筑装饰有限公司，上海豪成装饰有限公司/Shanghai Wanheng Construction and Decoration Co., Ltd.，Shanghai Haocheng Decoration Co., Ltd.

设计时间/Design Period：2011.04 – 2013.03

建造时间/Construction Period：2012.05 – 2013.08

基地面积/Site Area：11050m2

占地面积/Building Area：4085m2

建筑面积/Gross Floor Area：6342m2

结构形式/Structure：钢筋混凝土框架结构 (局部钢结构)/ Reinforced concrete frame (partly steel frame)

建筑层数/Height：地上2层/ 2 stories

主要用途/Principal Use：15班日托幼儿园/Nursery of 15 Daycare Units

主要用材/Primary Materials：涂料，平板玻璃，烤漆铝板，穿孔铝板，铝型材，铝镁锰板，型钢，塑木板/ Painting, slab glass, pre-coated aluminum sheeting and profile, pre-coated perforated aluminum sheeting, Al-Mg-Mn alloy sheeting, steel profile, wood plastic composite (WPC) panel

工程造价/Cost：42M rmb

摄影/Photos：苏圣亮/SU Shengliang

8 二层班级单元－活动室/Class unit-the activity room on foor 1

9 标准单元剖面/Section diagram of typical class unit

10. 11 内景/Interior view

12 剖面/Section

13 内景/Interior view

致正建筑工作室

2014-02-15