夏屋，斯图尔峡湾，挪威

建筑设计：延森与斯科温建筑师事务所

夏屋，斯图尔峡湾，挪威

建筑设计：延森与斯科温建筑师事务所

许多年前，这个偏僻而孤立的地块就被指定要建造一座避暑别墅。出于种种原因，该地块直到最近几年才被售出。由于这里交通不便，没有道路直通，建造工作只能通过轻型机械来完成，所以，建造过程中对地块的改造极小，其原始风貌被尽量多地保存下来。建筑的主要楼层是公共空间，屋后的一部分岩壁就裸露在起居室中。卧室被安置在二楼，穿插在松树中间。露台也置于树与树间不同的位置，以便人们在一天中的不同时段都可以充分享受日光。在整个建造过程中，出于对设计功效性的选择，我们最终采用了手绘或手绘与CAD相结合的绘图方式。建筑的承重基础是一些直径25mm的细钢条，支撑着铰接的木构柱。采用这种方式，既可以避开所有的树木根系，又可以建立一个稳固的静力系统，以满足结构承重的需要。

现如今，人们对建筑可持续性的关注点几乎都集中在如何降低生产及运营能耗等问题上，这往往需要指定运用某些复杂、不稳定或昂贵的技术才能得以实现。我们认为，简单的策略和对地形、植被的保护同样也是可持续发展的一些方面，需要得到人们更多的关注。标准的建造程序通常需要在建设开始之前对基地进行常规性破坏，使其满足地基和基础设施搭建的需求。我们想对这些建筑师乃至整个社会的这种常规作法提出质疑，是否应该如此随意地通过采用大型机械和爆破的暴力方式来对待一块土地。保护原有地块是一种尊重自然优先法则的有效方法，并且是最有可能成功的。我们认为，人类只是地球的客人，客人就该有客人的样子。□（王冰 译）

The site is a separate plot that was designated for a summer house many years ago. For different reasons it was not sold until a few years ago. ere is no road to the site so only light machinery was used and the site was changed as little as possible. The main level contains the common rooms. A part of the rock wall behind the house is inside the living room. The bedrooms are placed on the second level, between the pine trees. Terraces are placed between the trees at various places, giving sun at different times of the day. During the building process we ended up using hand drawings, or a mix of CAD and hand drawings, because of the unmatched efciency of this type of drawing production. The foundations are thin steel rods (ø25mm) that support hinged wooden pillars. In this way we could avoid all roots, but had established a robust static system that would be stif in any confguration we would need.

Today's concern for sustainability in architecture focuses almost only on reduced energy consumption in production and operation, often by prescribing the use of complex, vulnerable and expensive technology. We think that simple strategies and the conservation of topography and vegetation are aspects of sustainability which deserves more attention. Standard building procedure often requires the general destruction of the site to accommodate foundations and infrastructure before building can commence. We would like to question the ease with which architects, and society in general, uses violence to a site, in the form of large machines and explosives. Conserving the site is a way to respect the fact that nature precedes and most probably succeeds man. We think we are guests on earth, and should behave like guests. □

项目信息/Credits and Data

客户/Client: 未公开/Undisclosed

项目团队/Project Team: jan Olav jensen（项目主管/ project leader）, Sigrid Moldestad, Thomas Knigge, Knut Borgen, Øystein Skorstad, Dagfinn Sagen, Helge Lunder, Torunn Golberg, johanna Meschke, Torstein Koch

景观建筑师/Landscape Architects: jensen & Skodvin Architects

室内建筑师/Interior Architects: jensen & Skodvin Architects

静力顾问/Static Consultant: Siv. Ing. Finn Erik Nilsen

摄影/Photos: All images courtesy of the architects

1 首层平面/Floor 0 plan

2 外景/Exterior view

3 二层小桥内景/Interior view of the bridge on foor 1

评论

李晓峰：这是在一片独立山林间建造的避暑别墅。施工全用轻型机械，因而基地几乎没被改变。建筑空间与自然完全交织、渗透在一起。屋后山崖的一部分甚至成为客厅的背墙；卧室被架设在松树之间；多处出挑的平台穿插于林木中，其上阳光与树影随动。为避开植物根系，底层平台以细钢条与木柱铰接支承。设计和建造过程采用手绘或与CAD图混用，具有难得的效率，也具质朴一面。相对于昂贵的技术运用，朴实的营建策略以及对地貌和植物的尊重，是本案中更值得关注的可持续性方略。

青锋：以一种拟像的方式，建筑隐入山林之中。“任何建筑都不应该就建在山上或其他东西之上。它应该就是山。属于山。”赖特诗意的憧憬通过木板瓦贴面、斜向支撑、不规则形体、复杂的建构体系等元素得到印证。如建筑师所说，对待大地要像客人对待主人一样谦虚，这一方面是承认自然对人的超越，另一方面也能通过融入自然让人超越自己。

4 露台/Terrace5. 6 平面草图/Sketches, plan

Comments

LI Xiaofeng: This summer villa is located within a mountain forest. The project's construction footprint was kept minimal with the use of light equipment.The building fully interacts with and weaves through the natural environment: a cliff face penetrates the living room, second level bedrooms are placed between pine trees, terraces strategically siddle up alongside other trees and their shadows dance with the sunlight. To avoid damaging plant roots, the foundation is composed of a series of thin steel rods that support hinged wooden columns. Throughout the design and building process hand drawings (or a combination of CAD and hand drawings) were used to capture architectural opportunities in situ. Instead of expensive and sophisticated design and construction technologies, simple methods were combined with a respect for the natural landscape creating a sustainable strategy worth noting.

QING Feng: The architecture disappears in the forest. As Wright said, no architecture should be placed on a mountain, it should be the mountain, belong to the mountain. This poetic vision is realized through the language of the building's wooden surface, oblique supports, irregular shapes and complex structure. The architects stress that we should behave gently towards nature – like guests towards a host. On the one hand this attitude recognizes the transcendence of nature over mankind. On the other hand identifying with nature in this way allows people to transcend their own limits.

Summer House, Storford, Norway, 2013

Architects: jensen & Skodvin Architects