龙门山旅游区，成都，四川，中国

景观设计：清华大学建筑学院景观学系/北京清华同衡规划设计研究院有限公司

Landscape Design: Department of Landscape Architecture at the School of Architecture, Tsinghua University/Beijing Tsinghua Tongheng Urban Planning and Design Institute Ltd.

龙门山旅游区，成都，四川，中国

Longmen Mountain Tourism Area, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 2012

景观设计：清华大学建筑学院景观学系/北京清华同衡规划设计研究院有限公司

Landscape Design: Department of Landscape Architecture at the School of Architecture, Tsinghua University/Beijing Tsinghua Tongheng Urban Planning and Design Institute Ltd.

1 龙门山银厂沟地震前景观/Yinchanggou in Longmen mountain before earthquake

龙门山位于四川成都市西部，其推覆构造被称为世界三大造山运动类型之一，同时这里也是中国大熊猫栖息地、生物多样性宝库。龙门山境内的青城山是中国道教起源地，同时这里也是汉、藏、羌多民族、多宗教文化交融区，沟通古印度、古西亚文化的南丝路起点。在龙门山4133km2的范围内，包括了2处世界遗产、2处国家级自然保护区、4处国家重点风景名胜区、1处国家地质公园、4处国家森林公园、1处国家历史文化名城、2处国家历史文化名镇、12处国家重点文物保护单位、1个国家非物质文化遗产。因此，龙门山堪称具有自然、文化、科学、美学和经济等多重复合价值的世界级遗产资源富集区，适合发展生态旅游、文化遗产旅游和休闲度假旅游。

2007年，成都市委、市政府提出借鉴欧洲阿尔卑斯山的发展经验，建设 “龙门山国际山地旅游大区”。清华大学受托进行龙门山与阿尔卑斯山的比较研究，并赢得了龙门山旅游区策划国际投标。2008年5月12日，龙门山所在区域遭受到地震重创，其中都江堰、彭州等地受灾较为严重。项目组经过对震后龙门山的详细补充调研，有针对性地进行了一系列专题研究，重点制定了龙门山旅游区公共安全与综合防灾减灾体系，提出了龙门山旅游复兴的思路，完成了龙门山旅游区概念规划、总体规划及功能区规划，具体提出龙门山旅游发展总体定位为：具有世界品质的自然与文化遗产富集区，具有国家意义的城乡统筹生态经济示范区，中国领先、世界一流、多元复合、宜游宜居的国民休闲基地、国际山地型旅游目的地。

项目信息/Credits and Data

项目主持人/Principal in Charge：杨锐

主设计师/Chief Designers：刘海龙，邓冰

合作单位/Collaboration：北京清华城市规划设计研究院风景旅游数字技术研究所，瑞士库尔应用科技大学旅游与休闲研究所，成都规划设计研究院

项目面积/Area：4133km2

项目时间/Project Period：2007.8-2011.7

摄影/Photos: 刘海龙(Fig 1,6,11,12,20-22)，成都市林业和园林管理局(Fig 3,7-9)，邓冰(Fig 10)，薛飞(Fig 23)

Longmen Mountain is west of Chengdu in Sichuan Province. Its geology and biodiversity are valued across the world. The area is ethnically and religiously mixed. Qingcheng Mountain is the birth place of Taoism and also the starting point of the southern Silk Road. The4133 km2area is home to two world heritage sites, two National Nature Reserves, four National Parks, one National Geological Park, four National Forestry Parks, one National Historical City, two National Historical Towns, twelve National Cultural Heritage sites and one National Intangible Heritage area. Longmen Mountain is a rich area with important natural and cultural heritage resources.

In 2007, the Chengdu municipal government instigated the Longmen Mountain tourism plan and organized an international competition for the development of the area. Tsinghua University made a comparison study between Longmen Mountain and the Alps and was awarded tourism plan project. But in 2008 this area suffered the catastrophic effects of the 5.12 Wen Chuan earthquake and suffered serious losses in areas such as Dujiangyan and Pengzhou. The Tsinghua team started supplemental investigations immediately after the earthquake and launched a series of special research projects relating to the public security system and comprehensive disaster prevention scenarios. The Tsinghua team subsequently completed the concept plan, master plan and Special Functional Area plan for the area. The overall objectives of the Longmen tourism plan are to develop a natural and cultural heritage accumulation area of world quality, create an ecological economic demonstration area and ecological barrier for Chengdu and to become the leading recreational and tourism area of China and a world-class mountain destination.

3 龙门山鞍子河保护区八卦顶/Baguading in Anzi-river reservation area (3628m)

2 龙门山旅游大区策划总体结构图/Structure planning for Longmen mountain tourism area

4 龙门山旅游区总体规划/Zoning plan of subdivisions

5 龙门山旅游区总体规划索引图/Zoning plan index

成都市龙门山旅游区规划系列项目

6 龙门山邛崃段的古塔/Historic tower

7 龙门山鞍子河保护区大尖峰/Dajianfeng in Anzi-river reservation area (3651m)

8 龙门山龙溪—虹口高山草甸/ Meadow in Longxi-hongkou area (3100m)

9 龙门山黑水河保护区高峰/Peak in Heishui-river reservation area

10 龙门山邛崃段的南宝山/Baonan mountain in Qionglai

11 龙门山邛崃段的山脉与田园风光/Mountain and field in Qionglai

12 青城山/Qingcheng mountain

13 高程与坡度分析/Elevation and gradient analysis

14.15 地震灾害分析/Earthquake disaster analysis

16 水文与植被分析/water and vegetation analysis

17 珍稀动物生境分析/Rare animal analysis

18 基本农田与保护区分析/Agriculture and reservation area

19 龙门山银厂沟地震前景观/Yinchanggou in Longmen Mountain before earthquake

20 地震发生时的龙门山银厂沟/Yinchanggou in the earthquake (2008-05-12，14:46)

21 地震后下山/After earthquake (2008-05-13，9:33)

22 地震后的塌方山体/Landslide after earthquake (2008-05-13，10:40)

23 龙门山邛崃段的南宝山/Baonan mountain in Qionglai

评论

张路峰：一个综合的山地风景区旅游规划项目，运用GIS技术，梳理、整合了当地丰富的自然资源和人文资源，确定了以旅游开发和生态保护为主线的宏观思路。项目进行过程中遭遇“5·12”地震，为此补充了公共安全、生态恢复等针对性内容，为该地区灾后重建工作的迅速开展提供了及时有力的指导。规划效果的呈现，还有待下一步对规划的执行和一系列相关项目的操作。

胡一可：景观的使命。规划力图减弱“5·12”地震对于旅游的消极影响，弥补不可再生旅游资源破坏带来的损失，重建旅游产品的空间格局，同时建立了公共安全与综合防灾减灾体系。规划在完成一项使命，超越了一般意义上的空间布局，在战略和策略层面进行了深入研究，帮助当地政府重塑信心、重拾机遇，让龙门山乃至四川旅游走上复兴之路。

Comments

ZHANG Lufeng： This is a comprehensive tourism master plan for a scenic mountain region. Using GIS technology, the plan analyzed ways to consolidate the area's rich natural and cultural resources and identified tourism development and ecological preservation as primary strategies. In 2008, in the midst of the planning process, the site suffered the 5.12 earthquake. In response to the earthquake, the designers added a series of special sections-regarding public security systems and ecological restoration-to the plan. These additions provided strong and timely guidance for swift post-disaster reconstruction in this region. The ultimate effectiveness of the plan still relies on the completion of the next step, the implementation and execution of a series of related projects.

HU Yike： Landscape's mission. This planning project aims to reduce the negative impact of the 5.12 earthquake on tourism in the Longmen area. It tries to address the loss of non-renewable resources that resulted from that disaster, to rebuild the spatial system of the tourism industry and to establish comprehensive public safety, disaster prevention and mitigation systems. The planning has a mission and goes way beyond creating a workable spatial layout. The in-depth studies, strategies and tactics produced focus on rebuilding the local government's confidence and generating opportunities for tourism that will revitalize Longmen Mountain and Sichuan.