郭海鸥
(河南教育学院学报编辑部,河南郑州 450014)
《美国科学院院报》(PNAS)的特点及50篇阅读量最多论文情况分析
郭海鸥
(河南教育学院学报编辑部,河南郑州 450014)
简要介绍了《美国科学院院报》(PNAS)的基本情况及其用稿特点,对截至2011年10月底PNAS的50篇阅读量最多的论文进行了分析.
PNAS;科技期刊;学科分布
《美国科学院院报》(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America(ISSN:0027-8424),简称PNAS)[1],周刊,Early Edition每日在线出版.《美国科学院院报》(PNAS)是与Nature、Science齐名,被引用次数最多的综合学科文献之一,自1915年创刊至今,PNAS始终致力前沿研究报告、学术评论、学科回顾及前瞻、学术论文以及美国国家科学学会学术动态的报道和出版.PNAS主要涵盖生命科学、物理科学和社会科学.PNAS目前主要被Index Medicus,PubMed Central,Current Contents,Medline,SPIN,JSTOR,ISI Web of Science和BIOSIS等文摘索引或引文分析或数据库收录,在SCI综合学科类排名第三位,与《自然》、《科学》并称世界三大综合类科技期刊,已成为全球科研人员不可缺少的科研资料.
早期,该刊主要刊登数学、物理、生命科学、心理学及人类学方面的内容,1965年,增加了“工程学科”栏目.20世纪70年代,生物医学论文占了主导地位.1980年起分为“物理科学”(Physical Sciences)和“生物科学”(Biological Sciences)两大主要部分,另外还发表“社会科学”(Social Sciences)论文.“物理科学”包括数学、物理学、天文学、化学、环境及统计学等;“生物科学”包括生物化学、生物物理学、细胞生物学、进化生物学、进化学、遗传学、神经生物学、生理学、人口生态学及生态学等.
PNAS将稿件分为3种模式(TrackⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ).PNAS文章在作者通讯地址的下方都会有一行以“Communicated by…”、“Edited by…”或“Contributed by…”字样开头的文字.
“Communicated by×××”是交流稿件,属于第一类稿件(TrackⅠ),由美国科学院院士推荐,因此也可以称为推荐稿.这类文章通常是由作者交于一个美国科学院院士(含外籍院士)交流,然后该院士再向PNAS推荐发表,这个×××就是院士的大名,每位院士每年最多只能推荐2篇.
“Edited by…”是大家所熟知的自由投稿方式,属于第二类稿件(TrackⅡ),又称直投稿(direct submission papers),是作者直接投向编辑部的稿件,也把这种方式称为标准投稿方式(standard mode).但与其他杂志还是略有不同的.投稿时作者需要推荐3个编委,3个NAS院士和5个审稿人.据PNAS网站说该类投稿占所有稿件的80%左右,但录用的却只占40%.
第三类稿源是院士自己署名的文章(TrackⅢ),又称贡献稿(Contributed by…).此类稿件与TrackⅠ的不同之处在于院士直接作为作者之一,一般需要邀请2位审稿人给予评审意见并作修改,最后所有记录一并交于编委,由编辑部决定录用与否.每位院士此类文章不得超过4篇/年.
表1是截至2011年10月31日PNAS 50篇阅读量最多的论文.
2.2.1 论文学科分布
依据PNAS的学科定义,50篇论文的具体学科分布如表2.论文篇数包括交叉学科的论文篇数,共有5篇.可以看出,PNAS主要以发表生物科学类论文为主,兼顾其他学科,已成为生物医学领域世界的权威期刊之一.PNAS近年来也加大了对交叉学科论文的重视力度,相继刊发了一些有重要影响的论文.
序号 学科 作者 论文名称 出版年卷(期) 17 Biological Sciences-Cell Biology Saori Sato,等3人 Modulation of Akt kinase activity by binding to Hsp90 2000 97(20) 18 Biological Sciences-Genetics Kevin Flurkey,等4人Lifespan extension and delayed immune and collagen aging in mutant mice with defects in growth hormone production 2001 98(12) 19 Physical Sciences-Geophysics Takashi Mochizuki, 等14人Pacific decadal oscillation hindcasts relevant to near-term climate prediction 2010 107(5) 20 SocialSciences-Environmental Sciences-Biological Sciences-Anthropology David D Zhang,等7人 From the Cover:The causality analysis of climate change and large-scale human crisis 2011 108(42) 21 Physical Sciences-Statistics-Biological Sciences-Genetics Marco F Ramoni,等3人 From the Cover:Cluster analysis of gene expression dynamics 2002 99(14) 22 Biological Sciences-Plant Biology Choong-Min Ryu,等7人 Bacterial volatiles promote growth in Arabidopsis 2003 100(8) 23 Physical Sciences-Environmental Sciences Kyle L Swanson,等3人 Long-term natural variability and 20th century climate change 2009 106(38) 24 Physical Sciences-Engineering Guoan Zheng,等5人 The ePetri dish,an on-chip cell imaging platform based on subpixel perspective sweeping microscopy(SPSM) 2011 108(41) 25 From the Academy Kathleen Collins,等3人 From the Academy:The cell cycle and cancer 1997 94(7) 26 Biological Sciences-Microbiology Defne Arslan,等5人 Distant Mimivirus relative with a larger genome highlights the fundamental features of Megaviridae 2011 108(42) 27 From the Academy-U.S.Frontiers Of Science Symposium: Jenny R Saffran,等3人 From the Academy:The acquisition of language by children 2001 98(23) 28 Nobel Lecture Stanley B Prusiner Nobel Lecture:Prions 1998 95(23) 29 Biological Sciences-Developmental Biology Wei Wang,等12人Rapid and efficient reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells by retinoic acid receptor gamma and liver receptor homolog 2011 30 Biological Sciences-Pharmacology Tao Jiang,等6人 Tumor imaging by means of proteolytic activation of cellpenetrating peptides 2004 101(51) 31 PNAS Classic Article-Mathematics: John F Nash,等2人 Equilibrium points in n-person games 1950 36(1) 32 Social Sciences-Psychology Susanne M Jaeggi,等4人 From the Cover:Improving fluid intelligence with training on working memory 2008 105(19)
序号 学科 作者 论文名称 出版年卷(期) 33 Editorial Alan Fersht The most influential journals:Impact Factor and Eigenfactor 2009 106(17) 34 Colloquium Paper Eric Bonabeau Colloquium Paper:Adaptive Agents,Intelligence,and Emergent Human Organization:Capturing Complexity through Agent-Based Modeling:Agent-based modeling: Methods and techniques for simulating human systems 2002 99(Suppl 3) 35 Biological Sciences-Psychology Philip Teitelbaum,等5人 Movement analysis in infancy may be useful for early diagnosis of autism 1998 95(23) 36 Biological Sciences-Evolution-Social Sciences-Anthropology Emmanuel Milot,等4人 Evidence for evolution in response to natural selection in a contemporary human population 2011 108(41) 37 Physical Sciences-Environmental Sciences James Hansen,等6人 Global temperature change 2006 103(39) 38 Retraction for Garman et al.,A genomic approach to colon cancer risk stratification yields biologic insights into therapeutic opportunities 2011 108(42) 39 Social Sciences-Anthropology Murray Gell-Mann,等2人 The origin and evolution of word order 2011 108(42) 40 Biological Sciences-Sustainability Science: Steven J Davis,等3人 The supply chain of CO2emissions 2011 41 Biological Sciences-Evolution Wolfgang Forstmeier,等5人From the Cover:Female extrapair mating behavior can evolve via indirect selection on males 2011 108(26) 42 PNAS Plus-BiologicalSciences-Biochemistry-Physical Sciences-Engineering Elisa Franco,等7人 PNAS Plus:Timing molecular motion and production with a synthetic transcriptional clock 2011 108(40) 43 PNASPlus-Biological Sciences-Anthropology Verena J Schuenemann,等13人PNAS Plus:From the Cover:Targeted enrichment of ancient pathogens yielding the pPCP1 plasmid of Yersinia pestis from victims of the Black Death 2011 108(38) 44 Biological Sciences-Genetics Aravind Subramanian,等11人From the Cover:Gene set enrichment analysis:A knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles 2005 102(43) 45 Biological Sciences-Neuroscience Satoshi Nori,等14人Grafted human-induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived neurospheres promote motor functional recovery after spinal cord injury in mice 2011 108(40) 46 Biological Sciences-Ecology-SocialSciences-Sustainability Science: Jason Hill,等5人 From the Cover:Environmental,economic,and energetic costs and benefits of biodiesel and ethanol biofuels 2006 103(30)
序号 学科 作者 论文名称 出版年卷(期) 47 Biological Sciences-Neuroscience: Annette Denker,等10人 From the Cover:A small pool of vesicles maintains synaptic activity in vivo 2011 108(41) 48 Physical Sciences-Environmental Sciences Stephen G Osborn,等4人 Methane contamination of drinking water accompanying gas-well drilling and hydraulic fracturing 2011 108(20) 49 Biological Sciences-Ecology Lifeng Zhu,等5人 Evidence of cellulose metabolism by the giant panda gut microbiome 2011 108(43) 50 Biological Sciences-Biochemistry Jin Tang等2人 Structural diversity of self-cleaving ribozymes 2000 97(11)
表2 50篇论文的学科分布Tab.2 Disciplines distribution of the 50 papers
2.2.2 论文作者人数情况
由表3可以看出,现代科学研究正在走合作研究之路,靠个人才智取得突破越来越难了,特别是生物科学.作者人数大于等于10的篇数已占总篇数的22%,一些交叉研究领域更是需要多人参与,才能取得突破.
表3 论文作者人数与学科情况Tab.3 Status of author number and discipline
2.2.3 论文发表时间情况
由表4可知,优秀研究论文的影响是不可低估的,纳什在1950年得到的成果,仍然是今天许多科研人员重要的参考资料.当然不可否认,今日科技日新月异,特别是生物医学研究领域,新成果层出不穷,2011年的15篇论文大多属生物科学领域就证明了这一点.
表4 论文发表时间统计Tab.4 Statistics of paper’s issue time
PNAS提供具有高水平的前沿研究报告、学术评论、学科回顾及前瞻、学术论文以及有关学术动态的报道和出版.PNAS收录的文献涵盖生物、物理和社会科学.在SCI综合科学类期刊中排名第三位,在生物医学领域影响巨大,因而已成为全球科研人员特别是生物医学领域的研究人员不可缺少的科研资料.
[1] National Academy of Sciences.About PNAS[EB/OL].[2011-10-31].http://www.pnas.org/site/misc/about.shtml.
[2] National Academy of Sciences.Most-Read Articles during October 2011[EB/OL].[2011-10-31].http://www.pnas.org/reports/most-read.
Characters of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America(PNAS)and Analysis on Most-Read 50 Articles
GUO Hai-ou
(Editorial Department,Henan Institute of Education,Zhengzhou450014,China)
Introduces basis status of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America(PNAS)and its character of adoption of articles,analyzes the most-read 50 papers of in PNAS till the end of October,2011.
PNAS;scientific journal;discipline distribution
G202
A
1007-0834(2011)04-0045-05
10.3969/j.issn.1007-0834.2011.04.015
2011-09-20
郭海鸥(1965—),男,河南灵宝人,河南教育学院学报编辑部副教授.