“吃葡萄不吐葡萄皮,不吃葡萄倒吐葡萄皮”,你能把这句绕口令念顺溜吗?其实,绕口令这种口语游戏并不是汉语的“特产”,英语里也有一种tougue twister,翻译过来正是“绕口令”。
在我国,过去曾有人提议,让刚会说话的幼儿连续说几十个“一个烙铁,烙铁一个”来锻炼孩子的口齿,因为稍不留意,就会说成“一个老爹,老爹一个”。英国的父母也常让他们的小孩快速反复地说“red lorry,yellow lorry,green lorry”(红卡车,黄卡车,绿卡车)来锻炼他们的口齿。瞧,天下父母都一个样!
人们编制和朗读绕口令通常是为了娱乐,但实际上也有实用价值。反复朗读能使人口齿伶俐,有助于矫正发音不清或口吃等语言生理缺陷。如:
1.Sixty-six seasick sea serpents swam the seven seas.(六十六条晕船的海蛇游过七个大海。)
2.The sixth sick sheiks sixth sheeps sick.(第六位生病的酋长的第六只羊病了。)
3.How much wood could a woodchuck chuck if a wood-chuck could chuck wood?(要是土拨鼠会啃木头,它能啃多少木头?)
4.Rollos rolling a rock. If Rollo rolls a round roll around, where is the round roll Rollo rolls round? (罗洛在抛滚一块石头。要是罗洛旋转一只圆筒,那罗洛旋滚的圆筒在哪儿呢?)
5.The brisk brave brigade broke the brick bridge across the broad bloody river.(这支士气旺盛的劲旅拆毁了血水染红的大河上的砖桥。)
再试着读一读下面这句:
Forty fourteen forty-four,forty is forty not fourteen and fourteen is fourteen not forty.(四十,十四,四十四,四十是四十不是十四,十四是十四不是四十。)
是不是和我们熟悉的“四是四,十是十,十四是十四,四十是四十”有异曲同工之妙啊?
除了锻炼口语外,绕口令还能帮警察办案呢——有些人饮酒过多,讲话就不清楚,说起话来舌头打结,因此,英国警察就曾让汽车司机朗读下面的绕口令,以检查其是否饮酒过量:
1.At noon I took a good book and sat by the pool in the wood.
I soon took off my boot and put my foot in the pool.
Oh! How cool, how cool.
2.The hunter and his huge horse hid behind the house.
有的牙科医生也让患者朗读绕口令,以检查新镶的假牙合不合适。下面两则绕口令因为含有英语摩擦音[s],很适合这种需要:
1.The sun shines on the small shop signs.
2.Sally always suffers from seasickness when she is at sea.
甚至有人相信,有些绕口令可以医治打饱嗝。当你打饱嗝时,一口气把下面这则绕口令流利地读下来,打嗝自然就会停止。来,试一试:
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled pepper.
A peck of pickled pepper Peter Piper picked.
If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled pepper, where is the peck of pickled pepper Peter Piper picked?
这段话直译过来是“彼得·派帕拾了一配克的腌制胡椒……”,但是你念的时候有没有觉得,它听起来可真像“吃葡萄不吐葡萄皮”!