杨 立
“形象大使”是常见的广告用词。笔者翻阅了多本近年来出版的较权威的大型汉英词典,发现收录该词的只有《新世纪汉英大词典》(惠宇主编,外语教学与研究出版社,2004),给出的译名是"image representative'。虽然“im-age representative”一词易为以英语为母语的人士所理解,但却不是最佳译名。因为它是个生造词,是词典编纂者根据汉语中“形象大使”的意义,采用解释性翻译的原则翻译的。
事实上,“形象大使”在英语中是有对应词的,即“ambassador"。下面是美国《新闻周刊》(Newsweek)2008年11月10日为一款手表做的广告中的两段话:
(1)Bollywood star and Longines ambassadress of elegance Aishwarya RaiBaehchan perfectly embodies the elegant character that composes the Longinesidentity and trademark,
(2)Through his attitude to the world。f tennis and his untiring giving of him-self through The Andre Agassi Foundation。tennis leon and ambassador of elegance
Andre Agassi epitomizes Longinesclaim that"elegance is an attitude",这两段话中的"ambassadress”和"ambassador"译成汉语,即“形象大使”,“ele-gance”一词用在此处是着意强调广告男女主角优雅高贵的气质与形象,以此来吸引消费者购买其产品。
再来看两部权威的大词典的释义:
ambassador:a person who acts as a representanve or promoter of a specified
activity,e g,he is a good ambassador for the industry,(Webster's Third New In-
ternational Dictionary,2001:52)
ambassador:an authorized or appointed representative or messenger(the asso-elation...send~s to the state and national capitals to promote its interests—WP,Webb>;an unofficial representative(an effective of American culture)(The NewOxfora Dictionary of English,1993:66)两本词典都给出了“ambassador”在商业领域内的使用实例,即某类活动、行业的代表,推广员或宣传者。这与汉语中的“形象大使”的意义十分吻合。
我们再来看《现代汉语词典》对“形象大使”的定义:
形象大使;指形象代言人。
形象代言人:以个人形象及影响力为某个领域、单位或产品等进行推介宣传
的人,多为有一定知名度的公众人物:企业~公益活动~。
日常生活中,担任形象大使或代言人的通常是影视或体育明星,他们能以自己的号召力和高频度的媒体曝光率来影响公众,起到促进产品销售的作用。
下面是我们在著名的网络百科全书www,answers,com(其材料来源包括The American Heritage Dictionary,Britannica Concise Encyclopedia、等权威辞书)上查得的一段材料,足以说明“ambassador"一词在非政治领域中的用法:
In a less formal sense, the word is used for high-profile non-diplomatic repre-sentative of various entities, mainly cultural and charitable organizations, often aswilling figure heads to attract media attention,e, g. film and pop stars makes appeals to the public at large for UNESCO activities (see UNESCO Goodwill Ambas-sadors) ,sometimes during press-swarmed visits in the field. (见 http: //www. answers, corn/ambassador)这段关于“ambassador”的材料与人们对“形象大使”的印象是一致的。
综上所述,“ambassador"和“形象大使”都可用在商业领域,由一定的公众人物担当,代表某类产品或某个行业的形象,负有宣传和推广的责任。所以,从意义、语体、使用范围等各方面看,用“ambassador”来翻译“形象大使”要比用“image representative”恰当得多。
(上海对外贸易学院研究生部上海201620)
(责任编辑王慧敏)