解读形容词的用法

形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。

1）直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot热的。

2）叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。

（错）He is an ill man.

（对）The man is ill.

（错）She is an afraid girl.

（对）The girl is afraid.

这类词还有：well， unwell， ill， faint， afraid， alike， alive， alone，asleep， awake等。

3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时，要放在这些词之后。例如：something nice

以-ly词尾的形容词

1）大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly， deadly， lovely， lonely，likely， lively， ugly， brotherly仍为形容词。

改错：

（错）She sang lovely.

（错）He spoke to me very friendly.

（对）Her singing was lovely.

（对）He spoke to me in a very friendly way.

2）有些以-ly结尾既为形容词，也为副词。

如：daily， weekly， monthly， yearly， early

The Times is a daily paper.

The Times is published daily.

用形容词表示类别和整体

1）某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接。如：the dead， the living， the rich， the poor， the blind， the hungry

The poor are losing hope.

2）有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。

如：the British， the English， the French， the Chinese

The English have wonderful sense of humor.

多个形容词修饰名词的顺序

多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：

限定词—数词—描绘词（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色） —出处—材料性质/类别—名词。

a small round table

a tall gray building

a dirty old brown shirt

a famous German medical school

an expensive Japanese sports car

典型例题：

1）Tony is going camping with ____ boys.

A. little two other B. two little other

C. two other little D. little other two

答案：C。由“限定词—数词—描绘词（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）—性质—名词”的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案。

2）One day they crossed the ____ bridge behind the palace.

A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone

C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old

答案：A。几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是：年龄，形状，大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。

3）——How was your recent visit to Qingdao？

——It was great. We visited some friends， and spent the ____

days at the seaside.

A. few last sunny B. last few sunny

C. last sunny few D. few sunny last

答案：B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的重要性差不多，音节少的形容词在前，音节多的放在后，在不能确定时，可参照下表：

限定词+数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+形状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形容词。

those+three+beautiful+large+square

新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词

old+brown+wood+table

【实地演练】

选择填空。

1. The population of China is ____ than ____ of any other country in the world.

A. more, the more B. more, that

C. larger, the one D. larger, that

2. Of the two Australian students, Jenny is ____ one. I think you can find her.

A. taller B. the taller C. tallest D. the tallest

3. This park is less ____ than that one.

A. beautiful B. beautifuler

C. more beautiful D. most beautiful

4. My ____ sister who works in the bank is two years ____ than I.

A. younger, older B. older, elder C. elder, elder D. elder, older

5. Liu Xiang is one of ____ players in the world.

A. good B. better C. best D. the best

6. He has ____ money in the team.

A. littler B. the littlest C. the least D. less

7. English is her daughters ____ subject of all.

A. favourite B. most favourite

C. the most favourite D. more favourite

8. Do you know which is ____ river in the world?

A. the two long B. the two longest

C. the second long D. the second longest

9. Our school is becoming ____.

A. more beautiful and beautiful

B. more and more beautiful

C. more beautiful and more beautiful

D. beautiful and beautiful

10. ——Is maths ____ than physics?

——No, maths isnt so ____ as physics.

A. more difficult, difficult B. more difficult, easier

C. difficult, more difficult D. easier, more difficult

11. Here is a ____ mouse. Was it killed by your cat?

A. die B. died C. death D. dead

12. We should keep our eyes ____ while doing eye exercises.

A. close B. closed C. open D. opened

13. The meat smells ____. Youd better throw it away.

A. badly B. bad C. good D. well

14. The price of this skirt is too ____.

A. cheap B. expensive C. dear D. high

15. Its ____ to teach a man fishing than to give him a fish.

A. best B. more C. good D. better

16. Look at the big tree. It is ____ than that one.

A. taller four times B. four times tall

C. four times taller D. four taller

17. Bird flu is one of ____ diseases in the world.

A. terrible B. more terrible

C. terriblest D. the most terrible

18. This river is about 5 feet ____.

A. deep B. widely C. depth D. length

19. ——Tom is six and he is ____ his sister Jane. How old is Jane?

——Three.

A. as old as B. two years older than

C. three years younger than D. twice as old as

20. Betty is taller than any ____ boy student in his class.

A. each B. other C. another D. one

Key(2)

孙海玲上海市罗山中学