早起和熬夜，哪个更适合你？

Early birds are certainly held in higher regard. Rolling into the office late continues to be frowned upon in most workplaces. A study published in 2022 by Jessica Dietch of Oregon State University and her co-authors found that night owls were perceived by respondents as being “lazy”， “undisciplined” and “immature”. To pile on the stereotypes， they are fatter， too， according to research by Lap Ah Tse of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and colleagues.

Rising early is not， though， all upside. Those ready and waiting to receive work when the boss arrives may be given more of it. If the early bird gets the worm， the clever worm stays in bed. Urgent tasks often come up during the day， meaning that those who come in early may end up working just as late as their dawn-averse colleagues. And the more emails you send in the morning， the more responses you are bound to get back.

Waking before sunrise also risks turning you into a bore. Some larks go home early to tuck themselves in rather than socialise after hours. Night owls， by contrast， let loose. In the eyes of many， late nights are the preserve of youth， whereas early mornings are the domain of the geriatric.

Efforts to alter your circadian rhythm are likely to end in sleepy frustration. A person’s chronotype， to use the scientific lingo， is largely a product of their genes. Dimming your lights at night and buying a special alarm clock will not magically transform you into a morning person. Those early hours will be of little use if they are spent staring blankly at a screen through bleary eyes. This Bartleby abandoned his efforts at early starts after growing alarmed at the quantities of caffeine he required to stay awake. Early birds， for their part， lose out by never being the life of the party after the sun goes down. If nothing else， that gives them one fewer thing to feel smug about.

Perhaps the best advice， then， is to stop worrying about your body clock. Most people are neither early birds nor night owls， but in between. They do not perform well first thing in the morning or late in the evening. Many， including your columnist， get sleepy in the afternoon， too. That is why most offices operate between 9 and 5—and why they ought to have nap rooms.

（材料来自The Economist，有删改）

1. What does the underlined word “perceived” in paragraph 1 mean？

A. Consider. B. Deceive.

C. Understand. D. Repudiate.

2. Which of the following is incorrect according to the passage？

A. The early bird catches the worm， and those who ready and waiting to receive work when the boss arrives may be given less of it.

B. Even though in the study， respondents may consider night owls to be “lazy，undisciplined and immature，”people who work late often prefer to socialize after hours.

C. In the eyes of many， late nights are the preserve of youth， whereas early mornings are the domain of the geriatric.

D. A person’s biological clock is largely a product of genes， so we don’t have to worry too much about the timing of our own biological clock.

3. Which statement about the biological clock is correct in scientific terminology？

A. Dimming your lights at night and buying a special alarm clock lYrBR6Tt3A4DOtNhA7G2pWfpzq3uwYiw5uiT5I72BsQ=will magically transform you into a morning person.

B. Those early hours will be of more use if they are spent staring blankly at a screen through bleary eyes.

C. A person’s chronotype， to use the scientific lingo， is largely a product of their genes.

D. Efforts to alter your circadian rhythm are likely to end in physiological excitement.

4. Why most offices should be equipped with a nap room？

A. Because most of them are overly concerned about their biological clock.

B. Because even columnists tend to doze off.

C. Most office work hours are from 9am to 4pm， which is why they should be equipped with a nap room.

D. Because most people are neither early risers nor late sleepers， but rather somewhere in between.

1.A。解析：词义辨析题。材料第一段的第三句提到“俄勒冈州立大学的Jessica Dietch和她的合著者于2022年发表的一项研究表明，夜猫子被受访者认为是懒惰、不守纪律和不成熟的”，由此可知“perceived”的意思是“认为、以为”。A选项的意思是“认为”，B选项的意思是“欺骗、欺瞒”，C选项的意思是“理解、了解”，D选项的意思是“否定”，故选A。

2.A。解析：推理判断题。材料第二段的第二句提到“当老板到达时，做好准备接受工作任务的人可能会收到更多的任务”。A选项与材料内容不符，故选A。

3.C。解析：细节理解题。材料倒数第二段的第二句提到“用科学术语来说，一个人的生物钟在很大程度上是基因的产物”，C选项与材料内容相符，故选C。

4.D。解析：细节理解题。材料最后一段提到“那么，也许最好的建议是不要过分担心你的生物钟。大多数人既不是早起的人，也不是夜猫子，而是介于两者之间……”。D选项与材料内容相符，故选D。