与君“问天”

裴莹

中国古人抬头问天、探索宇宙几乎从意识到自己的存在便开始了。中国航天事业从无到有、从弱到强，这一路走来，书写了一部自力更生、艰苦创业的奋斗史诗。提及中国的航天事业，无法绕开这样一所高校，那便是为中国航天事业输送了近半数相关从业者的哈尔滨工业大学（简称“哈工大”）。让我们一起走进哈工大航天馆感受这份凝重与恢弘。

Throughout history， the ancient Chinese have gazed at the heavens and explored the universe since theawareness of their own existence. Over time， China’s space industry has evolved from obscurity to prowess，crafting a compelling narrative of self-reliance and unwavering determination. At the heart of this remarkablejourney lies the Harbin Institute of Technology （HIT）， a prestigious university that has played a pivotal role inproducing nearly half of the country’s space professionals. Let’s step inside the Harbin Institute of TechnologySpace Museum and immerse ourselves in an awe-inspiring display of solemnity and grandeur.

哈工大航天馆是全国高校中规模最大、展品种类最全、数量最多的航天主题展馆，同时也是中国东北地区唯一的一所集科技实物与模型、航天知识介绍为一体的专业展馆。走进这座始建于1986 年的航天馆，你可以亲历一次与历史同行、与科技对话的奇妙旅程。

As the largest space museum among all Chineseuniversities， the Harbin Institute of Technology SpaceMuseum offers a comprehensive collection of spacethemedexhibits and is unique as the only professionalmuseum of its kind in Northeast China. It features adiverse collection of artefacts， authentic models， andspace knowledge. Established in 1986， the museumprovides a captivating voyage through history andoffers an opportunity to engage with technology.

哈工大航天馆为四层建筑，建筑面积近8 000 平方米，展示面积约5 500 平方米。通过四个主题展厅、两个专题展厅和数百件展品，从不同角度全面展示了人类航天事业发展的历程。

The four-story museum boasts a floor area ofnearly 8，000m2 and an expansive exhibition spaceof around 5，500m2. Inside， you’ll discover four mainthematic halls and two special exhibition halls， eachbrimming with an array of exhibits that showcase thedevelopment of human space endeavors from variousperspectives.

“中國航天事业发展”展厅展示了中华人民共和国成立至今中国航天事业的发展历程和成就。从“嫦娥奔月”到“万户飞天”，中国人不断实现着自己的飞天梦。

The “Space Industry Development of China” Exhibition Hall showcases the remarkable history andachievements of China’s space exploration since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China.From the groundbreaking “Chang’e Lunar Mission” to the awe-inspiring “Wanhu Soaring to the Skies”，witness how the dreams of Chinese people take o in the realm of space exploration.

展厅从“两弹一星”、运载火箭、人造卫星、探月工程、高分工程、载人航天工程和深空探测几个方面详细介绍了中国航天事业的发展进程。展厅展出有模型展品34 件、实物展品6 件，以及其他文件展品。其中，实物展品均为中国航天事业发展阶段具有代表性的重点符号。

From the renowned “Two Bombs， One Satellite” program to the remarkable strides in carrier rockets，artificial satellites， the Chinese lunar exploration program， the high-resolution imaging project， the mannedspace project， and the deep space exploration project， this hall delves deep into the fascinating milestones thathave propelled China’s presence in space. e exhibition features 34 meticulously crafted models， complementedby 6 physical exhibits and a collection of informative documents. Among these exhibits， the physical displaysshowcase distinct stages in the evolution of China’s space industry.

“哈工大与中国航天”展厅介绍了20 世纪50 年代中国航天事业创建以来，哈工大始终与中国航天事业同频共振、同向同行的发展历程和取得的成绩。

The “HIT and China’s SpaceIndustry” Exhibition Hall showcasesthe remarkable journey of the HarbinInstitute of Technology as it growstogether with China’s space industrysince the 1950s.

哈工大培养了大批优秀的技术与管理人才，在“两弹一星”、载人航天、嫦娥探月等国家重大工程、重大任务中，都可以看到哈工大人的身影，感知哈工大的科技力量。

The Harbin Institute of Technology hascultivated numerous exceptional technicaland managerial talents， whose technologicalinfluence can be observed in significantnational undertakings such as “Two Bombs，One Satellite” program， the manned spaceprogram， and the Chang’e lunar probemission.

“世界航天科技进展”展厅通过12 件模型展品和2 件实物展品，从运载火箭、人造卫星、载人航天以及空间探测等四个方面向参观者介绍了世界航天科技的发展过程。

The “Development of World Space Science and Technology” Exhibition Hall delves into the realmsof Launch Vehicles， Satellites， Manned Spaceflight， and Space Exploration through an impressivearray of 12 meticulously crafted models and 2 authentic artifacts， revealing the remarkable progress ofglobal space science and technology.

“东方号”飞船轨控发动机实物：—旦飞船出现偏离轨道的情况，轨控发动机就会自发启动并产生推力，使飞船回到预定轨道。

vostok spacecraft orbit control engine： Should thespacecraft stray from its intended orbit， the enginesprings into action and generates precise thrust torealign the spacecraft back on its designated course.

“神秘的宇宙”展厅通过展示灯箱向参观者详细地介绍了人类对宇宙奥秘的不懈探索进程，并展示了我们目前所探知到的广袤无垠的宇宙，包括地心说、日心说、太阳系、银河系以及天文大事记等部分。

The “Mysterious Universe” Exhibition Hall，through illuminated displays， demonstrateshumanity’s tireless pursuit of unraveling themysteries of the universe. This hall takes you on ajourney through our current understanding of theboundless cosmos， featuring captivating conceptslike the geocentric and heliocentric models， thesolar system， the Milky Way galaxy， and pivotalastronomical milestones.

此外，“发动机专题”展厅介绍了飞行器发动机的原理及应用，“导弹专题”展厅展示了我国的导弹体系和强大的国防能力。

The “Engines” Special ExhibitionHall is where you can delve intothe fascinating principles andapplications of aircraft engines，while the “Missiles” SpecialExhibition Hall displays China’sadvanced missile systems and itsformidable defense capabilities.

除了固定展廳，场馆还会定期举办不同主题的临时展，丰富馆藏。

Alongside permanent exhibition halls， the museum alsohosts temporary exhibitions regularly on different themes toenrich the collection.

作为文化育人平台，航天馆培养了一支由博士生、硕士生和本科生组成的学生志愿讲解队伍。通过志愿讲解员的讲解，参观者对航天科技能有一个基础而明晰的了解，参观体验非常好。

As a hub for cultural education， the museum has nurtured ateam of student volunteers who are pursuing doctoral， master’s，and undergraduate degrees. These enthusiastic guides playa crucial role in enhancing visitors’ understanding of spacetechnology and ensuring an outstanding visiting experience.

30 多年来，航天馆是哈工大重要的教学基地，被授予首批“国家航天局航天科普教育基地”“全国中小学生研学实践教育基地”等荣誉称号。

For more than three decades， the Space Museumhas served as a vital HIT educational hub. It hasearned prestigious accolades， including beingrecognized as one of the pioneering “China NationalSpace Administration （CNSA） Aerospace SciencePopularization Education Bases” and a prominent“China National Primary and Secondary SchoolStudents’ Research and Practice Education Base”.

周末假日， 闲暇时光， 徜徉在航天馆内， 与君“ 问天”，体会人类航天事业的奋进历程以及迈向广袤与浩瀚宇宙的一路艰辛与荣耀，实在是一次惬意、充实且难忘的知识之旅。

On weekends and holidays， when you havesome free time， do come to the Space Museum. It’s agreat opportunity to immerse yourself in fascinatingdiscussions about the sky， relive the glorious momentsof human space exploration， and embark on anenjoyable， enriching， and truly unforgettable journeyof knowledge into the boundless universe.