姜虹
过去进行时,即“过去某个时刻或某时间段正在进行的动作”,主要由“was/were+动词-ing”构成,是中考中的一个常见考点。对此,笔者结合两道中考真题剖析了过去进行时的常见用法,以期对同学们的学习有所帮助。
【真题回顾】
(1)(2022年江苏常州中考卷)
—Why didn't you open the door for me,Jim ?
—I______clothes in the bathroom.I didn't hear the knock.
A.am washing B.have washed
C.washed D.was washing
(2)(2022年湖北十堰中考卷)
When the teacher got into the classroom,Xiaoming______a novel.
A.read B.reads
C.was reading D.is reading
解析:上述两道题主要考查过去进行时态的用法。(1)句意是:吉姆,你为什么不给我开门?我在浴室洗衣服,我没有听到敲门声。由“I didn't hear the knock”可知,空格处表示的是过去时间点正在发生的动作,所以宜用过去进行时态,故选D 项。(2)句意是:当老师走进教室时,小明正
在看小说。联系语境可知,当过去的某个动作“got into the classroom”发生时,另一动作 “看小说”正在进行中,所以宜用过去进行时态,故本题正确答案为C项。
【用法点拨】
(1)表示过去某一时刻或某时间段正在进行的动作,常与at that/this time,at...o,clock last night,all day yesterday,the whole morn- ing/aftemoon/evening等表示时间点或时间段的时间状语连用。例如:
I was taking a walk at this time the day before yesterday.
前天的这个时候,我正在散步。
She was cleaning her room at 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午3点钟,她正在打扫房间。
They were playing basketball on the play?ground the whole morning.
他们整个上午都在操场打篮球。
(2)表示在过去某一个动作发生时,另一动作正在进行中,常与when引导的时间状语连用。例如:
It was raining hard when we arrived in Suzhou.
我们到達苏州时正下着雨。
We were reading English when the teach?er came in.
当老师进来时,我们正在朗读英语。
The children were watching TV in the liv?ing room when I got home.
当我到家时,孩子们正在客厅看电视。
(3)表示过去两个延续性的动作同时进行,常与while引导的时间状语从句连用。例如:
We were dancing while she was singing.
她在歌唱时,我们在跳舞。
I was drawing while my mother was cooking.
妈妈在做饭时,我在画画。
While Annie was doing her homework in the room ,her brother was playing in the yard.
当安妮正在房间写作业时,她的弟弟正在院子里玩耍。
(4)表示在过去某一时间按计划、安排将要发生的动作,多与go,come,leave,start,stay等动词连用。例如:
He said he was coming tomorrow.
他说他明天会过来。
Jack told us that he was leaving for Nan?jing next month.
杰克告诉我们他下个月要去南京。
She said that she was going to buy a new bike next week.
她说她下个星期要去买一辆新自行车。
【练一练】
根据句意,用括号内所给动词的正确时态填空。
(1)He said he______(live)with his parents at that time.
(2)Linda told me she______(come) to see me tomorrow.
(3)They ______(play)chess in the garden when the phone (ring).
(4)I didn't think Linda saw me,because she ______(talk) with her friend.
(5)While Dad ______(repair) his bicycle,I______(skip).
【答案】
(1)was living
(2)was coming
(3)were playing;rang
(4)was talking
(5)was repairing;was skipping
总之,在解答与动词时态相关的问题时,同学们要注意细致读题,抓住前后语境提示,挖掘暗含信息,进而确定动词时态,得出正确答案。