英文摘要

COMPREHENSIVELY STUDY， PUBLICIZE AND IMPLEMENT SPIRIT OF THE 20TH CPC NATIONAL CONGRESS： OPENING UP CITIES TO THE OUTSIDE WORLD AT A HIGHER LEVEL

Chinese Cities Participating in the Joint Construction of the Belt and Road Initiative    6

LIU Bo

Abstract： Cities are important actors in the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative （BRI）. Participating in the BRI cooperation is conducive to enhancing the overseas influence of the city， expanding the space for outward development and enhancing the vision of urban development. In this process， the coordination mechanism has not been completely established; the driving effect to the surrounding area or region is not obvious; homogeneous competition is frequently seen; international professional services yet to be improved; international cooperation platforms and mechanisms need urgent improvement. Cities participating the BRI should follow the principle of extensive consultation， joint contribution and shared benefits， rely on the functional transformation of city clusters， and create a “new fulcrum” of the Silk Road urban corridor. They shoud build an all-dimensional， multi-tiered and compositely-connected network among BRI cities to form a secure and smooth “new node” of opening up. They should build a new system of open economy and promote the “new melting point” of economic and trade cooperation among BRI cities. They should continue to improve the international service environment and strengthen the “new focus” of Chinas cooperation with BRI cities in culture， education， health， law and other people-to-people exchanges. They should standardize the investment behavior of local enterprises to “go global”， and comprehensively improve the “risk points” to cope with overseas security. They should also， in coordination with Chinas overall diplomacy， build “new touchpoints” for exchanges and cooperation among the BRI sister cities.

Keywords： the Belt and Road Initiative （BRI）; extensive consultation， joint contribution and shared benefits; new system of open economy; urban community of shared future

The Construction of Shanghais International Communication Level From the Perspective of Urban Globalization Competition     14

ZHU Yunjie， YU Hongyuan

Abstract： Urban external communication is one of the key pillars of urban development. With the development of governance， economy and information globalization， more and more attention has been paid to urban competitiveness and urban brand. In this context， Shanghai needs to continuously promote the outbound construction， better serve Chinas overall diplomacy， improve the citys competitiveness， and build itself into an outstanding global city. The 12th Congress of the CPC Shanghai Municipal Committee has defined the goal of building a socially modern international metropolis with world influence. In the process of achieving this goal， upgrading the level of the citys foreign communication is an important link to carry forward the development concept with Chinese characteristics and promote the construction of an international metropolis. This paper reviews the policy arrangement， network construction and major activities of Shanghais foreign affairs activities. It then reviews the new progress from three aspects： economy and trade， urban governance and civil diplomacy. Finally， based on the impacts and challenges， the paper puts forward relevant suggestions.

Keywords： urban foreign communication; civil diplomacy; urban internationalization; city brand; outbound construction

Opening Up Cities to the Outside World at a Higher Level Through the Development of Smart City Cluster in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area     28

DAI Yonghong， FU Le， ZHANG Yutong

Abstract： “Smart city cluster” is a newly combined concept including the two core contents of “city cluster” and “smart city”. “Smart city cluster” is the inevitable natural evolution of urban development， and also the advanced form of urban space extension and integration. With its geographical advantages of connectivity， rapidly improving industrial development foundation， and the “GBP” interconnection environment supported by the government， the author proposes a “three-tiered radiation development pattern of the smart urban agglomeration” for the construction of an opened Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. The first circle is urban cluster development driven by the core cities. The second circle is the city brand established by the Cantonese and Maritime Silkroad culture. The third circle is the mutually-affected corridor formed by the GBA smart city cluster. Through the internal and external linkage of the radiation of the three circles， the innovative application of science and technology will create dynamic empowerment for the coordinated social governance， economic development and cultural communication of urban agglomerations， and gradually form a virtuous circle of urban community cooperation system， creating a new business form of Chinese cities opening to the outside world.

Keywords： the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area; smart city cluster; three-tiered radiation development pattern; opening up city to the outside world

A Comparative Study on CEPA Accumulation Rules and Its Improvement     37

WANG Xiaoli， YAN Chi

Abstract： The accumulation rules added to Supplement VIII to the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement （CEPA） between the Mainland， Hong Kong and Macao are important supplements to the rules of origin， effectively helping to expand the scale of product exports and lowering the threshold for tariff reduction. The Agreement on Trade in Goods under the framework of the CEPA signed in 2018 has improved most of the shortcomings of the previous accumulation rules， but there are still certain problems. Through a comparative study of the accumulation rules and the content of regional value component provisions in CEPA and CPTPP， USMCA， RCEP and CNFTA， it is found that the accumulation rules in CEPA have problems of cumbersome application procedures， lack of high-level accumulation， lack of clarity in the content of the formula and low standards of regional value components. The overall standard of regional value components should be improved. Continued attention should be paid to the study of CEPA accumulation rules in the future to align with high-level FTAs in the world， deepen economic cooperation between the Mainland， Hong Kong and Macao， and help the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

Keywords： Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement （CEPA）; Free Trade Agreement （FTA）; Rules of Origin （ROO）; accumulation rules; full accumulation; the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area （GBA）

GUANGDONG-HONG KONG-MACAO GREATER BAY AREA

Research on the Spatial Network Expansion and Interaction in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Under Complex Variables     50

CHEN Yang， CHEN Yan， XIONG Lifang

Abstract： The spatial network of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area （GBA） has been changing dynamically， and continually been affected by various restrictive and constructive factors. Three among them have been posing significant influences， namely， the fundamental urban spatial pattern formed by natural force， urban cluster pattern formed by industrial force under the context of global division of labor， and urban network reconstruction formed by metropolitan force relying on innovation and services. As a slowly-structuring variable and because of the basic spatial shape it has formed， natural force is the most difficult to change， while industrial force， as a fast-flowing variable， presents a trend of rapid adjustment due to the hierarchical relationship pattern it has triggered. As an organizational dependent variable， metropolitan force is the urban network organizational relationship formed by the response to the former two variables. In this process， new local spaces are created and a new network of spatial competition and cooperation is formed.

Keywords： compound variable; the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area; spatial network; metropolitan area; spatial concurrence

The Effect of Population Agglomeration on Total Factor Productivity of Enterprises in Urban Agglomerations： Based on the Analysis of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area     65

WANG Yingying

Abstract： Based on the theoretical mechanism analysis of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area， fixed effect and intermediate effect models of panel data are used to quantitatively analyze the impact of population agglomeration on enterprise productivity in urban agglomerations. Results show that population agglomeration in urban agglomerations can promote the productivity of enterprises， and this promotion effect is mainly realized through the intermediary effects such as stimulating innovation via learning. Such promotion effect differentiated among different industries. Compared with industrial enterprises， it has a greater effect on the production efficiency of service enterprises. Also， megacities manifest more obvious agglomeration effect. It is suggested that the linkage and sharing mechanisms be further improved in the GBA， industrial division of labor and cooperation among cities strengthened， the integration of public services and free flow of population factors promoted， so as to better leverage the population agglomeration effect and avoid the Matthew effect of urban population， leading the urban agglomeration through the “dual-circle” of Guangzhou and Shenzhen interconnected development， and driving up the high-quality development of the GBA through urban agglomerations.

Keywords： urban agglomeration; population agglomeration; talent bonus; total factor productivity; the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

URBAN ECONOMY

Research on the Impact of Accessibility on Enterprise Productivity： From the Perspective of Market Environment     80

WEI Xinyue， RAN Zhongming

Abstract： Based on the micro data of Chinese industrial enterprises from 2003 to 2012， this paper uses the intermediary effect model to verify the influence of accessibility on enterprise efficiency and its mechanism. Results show that： firstly， the optimization of spatial accessibility can improve factor productivity for the enterprise. Compared with the intra-city accessibility， inter-city accessibility has a more significant promotion effect on the enterprises efficiency. Secondly， by influencing the market environment， accessibility strengthens product market competition， reduces factor market distortion， and improves enterprise productivity， among which product market competition plays a relatively bigger intermediary role. Finally， through the analysis of industry heterogeneity， accessibility has a greater impact on the efficiency of enterprises which are more sensitive to transport costs， with the direct impact of accessibility on the efficiency much greater than the indirect impact of market environment.

Keywords： intra-city accessibility; intercity accessibility; product market competition; factor market distortion; enterprise efficiency

Study on the Influence of Housing Price on the Leisure Consumption Potential of Urban Residents    97

LIU Song， JI Yuqin

Abstract： Leisure consumption is an important content to meet peoples demands for better lives， and its scale and structure have been easily affected by housing prices. By constructing a multi-index evaluation system and collecting panel data from 1999 to 2020， the leisure consumption potential of Chinese urban residents is comprehensively measured， and the influence of housing price on leisure consumption potential empirically studied. Results show that： （1） Income level， living cost， family assets， family liabilities， consumption willingness and leisure facilities supply are the main factors affecting residents leisure consumption potential. Among them， housing price exerts its influence through three possible channels： wealth effect， crowding-out effect and collateral effect. （2） Housing price positively affects the leisure consumption potential of urban residents， exhibiting obvious wealth effect and collateral effect. However， due to the sensitivity of housing prices， and the complexity， diversity and instability of consumers psychology， the future impact of housing prices on leisure consumption potential is unclear. （3） From the results of regional comparison， the housing price in the central China poses a relatively bigger impact on the leisure consumption potential of urban residents. Based on this， this paper puts forward some policy suggestions to further release the potential of residents leisure consumption from the aspects of housing policy adjustment， industrial structure optimization， guidance to residents consumption behavior and construction of urban leisure facilities.

Keywords： leisure consumption; consumption potential; housing prices; wealth effect; crowding-out effect

URBAN GOVERNANCE

How to Promote the Construction of Happy Rivers and Lakes via the Mechanism of “Internet + River Chief”？ Based on the Survey of Water Pollution Treatment in Guangzhou From 2012 to 2022     110

YAN Haina， WU Yongzhao

Abstract： In recent years， the construction of happy rivers and lakes has become a key task of national ecological civilization construction. Thanks to the “Internet + river chief” mechanism， Guangzhou actively explores the task above and gradually explores a pathway of “Chinese-style modernization” to water environment governance. Based on the data of water pollution treatment in Guangzhou from 2012 to 2022， this study divides the happy rivers and lakes project into five dimensions， namely， “river of peace”， “river of health”， “river of livability”， “river of culture” and “river of harmony”， trying to find out the answer to the question of how to promote the construction of happy rivers and lakes via the mechanism of “Internet + river chief”.

Keywords： Internet; river chief mechanism; happy rivers and lakes; water environment governance

URBAN SPACE

Adaptive Renewal of Industrial Heritage Into Urban Public Space     123

YANG Chengcheng

Abstract： As a crucial part of cultural heritage， industrial heritage has become an important means to construct public space and the carrier of urban cultural spirit in many cities. Based on field investigation， this study evaluates and analyzes the adaptive renewal practice of the industrial heritage of Ningbo Fishing Boat Factory， and introduces the “new tribalism” theory， which depicts individual emotional needs and social foundation evolution under the changing times， so as to investigate whether the transformation of urban public space of this industrial heritage has kept its steps with the new needs of individuals and community. The paper also explores what is special， difficult and possible for the adaptive renewal of industrial heritage. The case study of the Factory shows that the reuse of structure and materials has made it possible to “awaken the co-existence of the foundation” and “respond to the society out of instinct”. However， in terms of introducing new functions to build aesthetic proximity， it is uncertain whether the new forms of business and activities could reconstruct the emotional tribe of the public. Moreover， in terms of deducing social customs to realize the continuation of cultural state， the attraction of “presence” and “proximity” still needs to be improved.

Keywords： industrial heritage; new tribalism; adaptive renewal; public space; preservation and utilization

URBAN CULTURE

The Innovative Performance Strategy of Urban Cultural and Tourism Integrated Services From the Perspective of Metuniverse      136

XU Yanzhang

Abstract： Under the context of metauniverse， urban cultural and tourism integrated services presents an innovative development trend of digital twin and virtual-real combination， forming a metauniverse service context of virtual-real interaction as well as integration and symbiosis in terms of content， form， function and experience. Under the context of metauniverse， this paper analyzes the innovation ideas of urban cultural and tourism integrated services combined with user experience， and studies the performance methods from four aspects including twin service， perception and experience， integrated appreciation and emotional participation. This paper proposes innovative communication links， various demonstration forms， smart services and efficiency improvement in design strategy， providing new ideas， new scenes and new spatial planning for innovating urban cultural public spatial planning， therefore deepening the idea of “shaping tourism with culture， showing culture with tourism， and developing digital cultural tourism” to help achieving high-quality urban development.

Keywords： metaverse; cultural and tourism integration; digital twin; service innovation; virtual reality

NEW PERSPECTIVES

The Forming Process， Characteristics and Enlightenment of “Jinjiang Experience”： From the Perspective of Policy Tools    146

WANG Jie， LIU Jiajia

Abstract： As the main body of innovation of local governance policy tools， local government plays an important and special role. In this paper， from the perspective of policy tools， the author examines the birth process of “Jinjiang Experience”， and finds that the local government of Jinjiang applies and innovates policy tools timely and flexibly， which promotes the real economy to develop by leaps and bounds. This paper analyzes the characteristics of “Jinjiang Experience” policy tools such as precision， flexibility and coordination， and draws a conclusion that policy tools and real economy development goals should be accurately matched， key elements should be grasped to optimize the application of real economy policy tools， and the implementation of real economy policy tools should be coordinated. This article is expected to provide reference for local governments to use policy tools innovatively and boost the development of real economy.

Keywords： policy tool; “Jinjiang Experience”; real economy; county economy; private enterprise