不同硒肥对水稻产量及硒累积效应的影响

晏娟 张忠平 朱同贵

摘要 以“南粳9108”为材料，在巢湖流域研究不同种类硒肥的施用对水稻产量和硒的吸收、累积及分配的影响，并进行肥料效应与成本分析。结果表明，施用硒肥没有增加水稻产量，甚至可能会使水稻略微减产。水稻精米硒含量分析表明，叶面纳米硒肥和叶面酵素硒肥有一定效果，但不很理想;叶面亚硒酸盐硒肥效果甚至达到国家标准之上;土施亚硒酸盐硒肥效果相对较为理想，为0.12 mg/kg，处于国家规定标准之中，相对较为安全。4种硒肥效果差异很大，因硒肥成本有所不同，实际应用还应从农产品安全、环境效应、硒含量和经济效益等方面考虑。稻谷硒含量显著高于糙米，糙米硒含量又显著高于精米。谷壳、谷糠及稻草含有大量的硒元素，可考虑充分利用。

关键词 硒肥; 水稻; 累积;效应;成本

中图分类号 S 511;S 147.22  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）19-0142-02

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.19.037

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

The Effect of Different Selenium Fertilizers on Yield and Selenium Accumulation of Rice

YAN Juan1，2， ZHANG Zhong-ping2， ZHU Tong-gui1

（1.Anhui Guangming Huaixiang Industry & Trade Group Co.，Ltd.，Hefei， Anhui 238000;2.School of Chemistry & Material Engineering，Chaohu  University，Hefei， Anhui 238000）

Abstract In this study，a feild experiment was conducted with“Nangjing9108”as test material to investigate the yield and selenium uptake，accumulation and distribution in rice under different selenium fertilizers on rice in Chaohu Lake Basin，and the fertilizer effects and cost analysis were also made.The results showed that there was no significant yield increase in rice，but might even reduce the yield slightly when applied different selenium fertilizers.It was showed that foliar nano selenium fertilizer and selenium fertilizer of leaf enzyme had certain effect，but not very ideal by the analysis of selenium content in milled rice，and the effect of foliar selenite selenium fertilizer was unexpected，even above the national standard;the effect of selenite fertilizer applicated in soil was 0.12 mg/kg，which was in the national standard，and relatively idea，also relatively safe.The effect of four kinds of selenium fertilizer was very different，and the same to the cost of selenium fertilizer，the practical application should be considered from the aspects of agricultural product safety，environmental effect，selenium content and economic benefit.The results showed that the Se content of rice was significantly higher than that of brown rice，and the Se content of brown rice was significantly higher than that of milled rice.And it was showed that a considerable part of selenium in rice accumulated in hull，chaff and straw，could be fully utilized.

Key words Selenium fertilizer;Rice;Accumulation;Effect;Cost

基金項目 安徽省高等学校省级自然科学研究项目（KJ2017A448）;2018年度安徽省博士后研究人员科研活动经费资助。

作者简介 晏娟（1980—），女，安徽宁国人，副教授，博士，从事植物营养学研究。

*通信作者，高级农艺师，从事作物种植研究。