世纪建筑师：亨宁·拉森

文/肯特·马丁努森：HLA 丹麦建筑中心总监by Kent Martinussen:Director of The Danish Architecture Center

亨宁·拉森的传奇人生是在设计中度过。

数以百计的速写本和数以千计的图纸见证了他作为一位建筑师在日常中持续性的创作。这些图纸记录着他的经历，也记录了他所看到的一切，他的想法、脑洞、灵感和感受。就在那一刻，一切都被保存了下来。

要在日常生活的茫茫大海中进行创作，需要具有优雅的艺术气质。亨宁·拉森具备了这点。从某种意义上说，他代表着20世纪真正的艺术型建筑师的理想，一个让自己的原始想法在画纸上源源流动的人。

但亨宁·拉森在很多方面也不同于60年前他创立工作室之初时引领行业、略带内敛的经典艺术家建筑师风格。

他本人作为一个工作室的领导，作为一个教育家，作为一个建筑师，亨宁·拉森以他自己安静的方式走在了他的时代的前面。他是一个受时代塑造的伟人，但在他的抱负和理想方面，他更属于21世纪。

他与几位合伙人创建的工作室培养了一种建筑语言和充满活力的公司文化，预示了当今成功企业的许多特征。

建筑使他着迷。但他更痴迷于探索当下，思考当代建筑发展应如何塑造，且激发他不断努力的未来，这是亨宁·拉尔森先生作为传奇前景的一个标志。

亨宁·拉森坚持认为远见卓识是必要的。他曾在美国和英国学习，并为当时最优秀的建筑师如约翰·伍重和阿恩·雅各布森工作，他们都致力于丹麦境外的发展。他曾批评过丹麦建筑领域有时过于保守的本质，并通过创建丹麦第一个私人建筑画廊和斯堪的纳维亚的第一个建筑和设计杂志引发了新的讨论，这两个项目都被命名为SKALA。至此，丹麦的建筑设计在与国际对话中得到了激发和促进。

亨宁·拉森在当时预见着建筑的未来，也看到了周围人的最佳能力。他经常在别人之前发现机会，并有勇气将自己的直觉转化为行动力。

在1959年，亨宁·拉森创立了自己的工作室亨宁·拉森建筑师事务所。

亨宁·拉森建筑师事务所(现在简称为HLA)成立于欧洲历史上最具变革意义的时期之一，也是现代丹麦社会福利发展的关键时刻。社会福利的基本思想出现在第二次世界大战之前，并在20世纪50年代及以后成为社会结构的具体基础。它是一种激进和渗透的力量;一种主张创造一种新的普遍的社会模式的心态，在这种模式中，社会福利的所有利益都被视为每个公民的固有权利。

这一运动的核心是集体主义、民主哲学，它特别强调建筑方法、城市主义和居住设计在创建更强大的社会中的重要性。

每个公民都有权享受社会的福利，这一理念有助于将建筑置于丹麦社会福利的核心位置。HLA将建筑视为福利社会的物质基础设施，他们的工作成为社会、文化和丹麦身份发展的基准。

亨宁·拉森开发了一种以人为核心的有条不紊的设计方法。该工作室对空间、形式、功能和细节的考虑源于建筑如何在其最佳状态下赋予日常生活功能和美学质量的意识。从最小的细节到最宏伟的姿态，让建筑成为个人和集体感知生活质量的关键。

多年来，亨宁·拉森创建了一系列开创性的项目，包括居住、机构建筑、文化场所和商业中心，从而成为现代社会福利增长的关键贡献者，如此强烈地识别出丹麦精神。然而，与大多数其他建筑公司不同的是，该工作室在早期就将自己定位为一个国际化的公司。因此，亨宁·拉森无疑是丹麦作为设计和建筑的领导者而享有国际声誉的最重要贡献者之一。

亨宁·拉森知道，不妥协的艺术家-建筑师模式并不是未来建筑需要的答案。他在自己身边看到了许多在艺术和商业方面都有天赋的建筑师，以及一系列其他专业学科的建筑师，他们将帮助他找到建筑如何对现代全球发展做出贡献的持久解决方案。多元文化的社区、民主的组织、跨学科的创造力和知识的共享，以及开放的、以网络为基础的公司文化是HLA对当代建筑持续贡献的定义元素。

诺尔圣丹尼斯 NORR Saint Denis

斯图加特游客和媒体中心 Stuttgart Visitor And Media Center

Henning Larsen was constantly sketching-all the time,all his life.

Hundreds of sketchbooks and thousands of drawings bear witness to an architect who was dedicated to daily,continuous creation.These drawings captured his experiences,archiving all that he saw,his thoughts,whims,ideas and feelings.Everything was preserved as it struck him in that moment.

To create in the midst of the enveloping,chaotic sea of everyday life required a monumental artistic presence.Henning Larsen had this.In that sense,he embodied the 20th-century ideal of the authentic artist-architect,one who allowed his original ideas to flow through strokes of ink on paper.

But Henning Larsen also differed in many ways from the classic,slightly introverted artistarchitect that dominated the industry at the time he founded his studio 60 years ago.

As a studio leader,as an educator and as a person,Henning Larsen was,in his own quiet way,ahead of his time.He was an architect shaped by his time,but in his ambitions and ideals,he belonged more truly to the 21stcentury.

The studio he created with his colleagues fostered an approach to architecture and a vibrant company culture that foreshadowed many of the characteristics defining successful businesses in the present day.

Architectural history fascinated him.But he was even more transfixed with exploring the present,reflecting on how contemporary movements in architecture might shape and inspire the future he constantly worked toward,a hallmark of his legendary outlook.

Henning Larsen insisted on the necessity of vision and foresight.He studied in the United States and England,and worked for some of the period’s best architects such as Jørn Utzon and Arne Jacobsen,who were both invested in movements beyond Denmark’s borders.He was critical of the Danish architectural scene’s sometimes-insular nature,and sparked new conversations by founding Denmark’s first private architecture gallery and Scandinavia’s first magazine for architecture and design,naming both ventures SKALA.Danish design was something to be roused and fostered in international conversations about architecture.

Henning Larsen saw the future in the present,and saw the best capabilities in those around him.He often identified opportunities before others did,and had the courage to turn his intuition to action.

One of these great strides came in 1959,when Henning Larsen founded his own studio,Henning Larsen Architects.

Henning Larsen Architects-now known simply as Henning Larsen-was founded during one of the most transformative periods in Europe’s history,and at a crucial moment in the development of the modern Danish welfare society.The welfare society’s foundational thoughts preceded the Second World War,and in the 1950s and onwards,emerged as the concrete groundwork for social structure.It is a radical and permeating force; a mentality that advocates for the creation of a new universal model for society,in which all benefits of the welfare society are treated as an inherent right for every citizen.

At the core of this movement is a collectivist,democratic philosophy,one that gives particular regard to the importance of architecture,urbanism and residential design in creating a stronger society.

The idea that every citizen was entitled to the benefits of the welfare society contributes to the placement of architecture at the heart of the Danish welfare society.Henning Larsen views architecture as the physical infrastructure of the welfare society,their work becoming benchmarks in the development of society,culture and the Danish identity.

Henning Larsen has developed a methodic approach to design that places human beings at the very core.The studio’s consideration of space,form,functionality and detail stem from an awareness of how architecture,at its best,gives functional and aesthetic quality to everyday life.From the smallest details to the grandest gestures,architecture becomes crucial to the individual and collective perception of quality of life.

Over the years,Henning Larsen has created a catalog of pioneering projects including housing,institutional buildings,cultural venues and business centers,thus becoming a key contributor to the growth of the modern welfare society that so strongly identifies the Danish ethos.However,unlike most other architecture firms,the studio identified itself early on as an international firm in both orientation and practice.As such,Henning Larsen is undoubtedly one of the most important contributors to Denmark’s international reputation as a leader in design and architecture.

Henning Larsen knew that the model of the uncompromising artist-architect was not the answer architecture needed in the years to come.He saw and surrounded himself with architects gifted both artistically and commercially,as well as a range of other professional disciplines who would help him develop enduring solutions to how architecture would contribute to modern global development.Multicultural communality,democratic organization,cross-disciplinary creativity and knowledge sharing,and an open,network-based company culture stand as defining elements of Henning Larsen’s continued contributions to contemporary architecture.

These core commitments make Henning Larsen one of the world’s most well-run and progressive presences in global architecture.Henning Larsen is dedicated to delivering excellence in architecture,with a focus on creating sustainable quality of life for people across the globe.

阿卜杜拉国王金融区 King Abdullah Finacial District

贝尔法斯特水边 Belfast Waterside