○毛丽伟
(作者单位:卢龙县教育和体育局教研室)
学词先知音,知音必有法。我们要在教学语音知识的同时,引导学生理解音的义和形,让“音”回到单词中、句子中、生活情境中,让学生体验学习语音的乐趣,掌握更多高阶的语音知识。本文以PEP小学英语五年级下册Unit 6Work quietly!A Let’s spell教学为例,通过层层递进、环环相扣的教学设计,引导学生直接模仿正确的发音,自悟发音规则,培养自然拼读的能力。
将语音知识放在真实的生活情境中,引导学生发现、追问、寻音、总结,不仅能够培养学生听辨音的能力,而且能有效激发学生主动思考、积极参与的热情。
T:It’s summer time.We are going to have a summer camp.Are you excited?
Ss:Yes.
T:Look at the playbill.What do you want to know about it?
S1:When is the summer camp?
T:Good question!But please look at the playbillcarefully.
T:Who can answer S1’s question?(教师加重单词Who的读音,并稍作停顿。)
S2:It’s on June 19th.
T:Thank you.Any other questions?
……
学生饶有兴致地自问自答,教师适时板书提炼典型性问题,自然引出要学习的语音知识,引导学生学会发现生活中的语音、梳理总结语音要点,让语音教学不再枯燥乏味。
T:Look!Here are your questions.(教师板书所有的“wh”问句,圈出“wh”单词并抛出新问题。)
T:What do you find?
S1:They allhave“wh”.
T:Do you think so,class?
Ss:Yes!
T:Now let’s read the“wh”words.And try to feeltheir sounds,okay?
……
T:Excellent answer!Your oral English is pretty good!Do you think so,class?
Ss:Yes!
深层问题引导学生在小组内讨论完成,一方面增加答案的准确性,另一方面增强学生的学习自信。此处作为本节课的教学重点,要给足学生时间,教师认真观察各组学生的表现,及时给予指导,确保学生讨论的方向和结论无误。
T:Let’s read more“wh”sentences.I think you can find more.(PPT出示:Whose ball is it?Please read the whole sentence.)
S1:When“wh”is in front of the letter“o”,the sound is/h/.
T:Thank you.Do you agree with her,class?
……
此环节中学生不一定一下子就说出教师心目中所谓的“标准答案”,教师或用红色粉笔圈出“wh”后面的字母o温馨提示,或反复播放原音耐心引导,直到学生找出正确的发音规律。
T:Now open your book and turn to Page 60,please.First,let’s listen and circle.Ten seconds for you to prepare.
(学生打开书,快速浏览原题10秒,准备听音作答。)
T:You have only one chance.Please lis⁃ten carefully.Have you finished?
Ss:Yes!
T:Let’s share the answers.(学生分享自己的答案,教师订正。)Now it’s asking and writ⁃ing time.Please choose three“wh”questions for your partner.Write them down on your book.Then ask each other.
……
教材中Listen and circle和Ask and write内容,从听音辨词到以生活实际为出发点的自由提问,可谓由浅入深、层层递进,使不同层次的学生都能在“自听自辨自圈”和“自思自写互问”的过程中,获得满满的学习成就感。
T:(出示PPT)Here are some“wh”words.They can’t find their home.Let’s read the passage and help them,okay?
Ss:OK!
通过“读短文,为单词找家”的活动,引导学生牢记“wh”的发音规律,进一步明确“wh”与“wh-o”的发音区别,确保学生真正掌握本课所学语音知识。
T:I know all of you like picture stories.Look!I bring you an interesting story,Whistle for whale.(出示PPT绘本故事)Read and find the“wh”words,try to understand the story.Okay,please begin.
……
通过阅读与本课语音知识相关的趣味绘本故事,引导学生结合文字与图片读出“wh”生词,理解大意,激发学生的阅读兴趣。
T:Why do you laugh at last?
S1:Because the whale is not a realwhale.
T:What is it?
Ss:It’s a dog.
T:Whose dog?
……
教师通过设计几个“wh”问题巩固、总结了本课的教学重点,真正做到了“音不离词,词不离义”。在教学语音知识的同时,培养了学生发现问题、自析发音、寻找规则、总结规律、巧思妙读的能力,使枯燥的语音教学既简单又有趣。