成为高效阅读者的四种策略

安徽 周艳霞

成为高效的阅读者并不是轻而易举的事，有四种策略可以使你的阅读更加高效。

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For most people, it isn't easy to read efficiently. Your reading rate is often just a matter of habit. But to begin,you may need to try to change some habits and try the following tips.

Pay attention. When you read, it really matters. Most people read in an inattentive and passive way like watching TV. Reading takes effort and you must make the effort. A wise teacher once told me that we can learn anything if we do three things:PAY ATTENTION,PAY ATTENTION and PAY ATTENTION.

There are some simple methods that you can use to pay better attention and get more out of your textbook reading time. You will improve your comprehension if you somehow “preview”the passage before you actually sit down and read every word. To do a preview you should look over the title of the chapter, all the headings, subheadings and marked, italic or dark print, any pictures or illustrations, charts or graphs. Also you should quickly skim over the passage, read the first and the last paragraphs and glance at the first sentence of every other paragraph. When finishing reading, close the book and ask yourself some questions like what is the main idea, what kind of writing is it, and what is the author's purpose.

Stop talking to yourself when you read.Reading should be an activity which involves only the eyes and the brain. Try to focus on reading as if you were looking at a landscape and were deeply absorbed in it rather than looking at the rocks at your feet.

Read in thought groups. When we read,our eyes must make small stops along the line.Poor readers make more eye stops than good readers. Try to read in phrases of three or four words, especially in complete clauses. Your mind may understand them as if the whole phrase is like one big meaning-rich word.

Vary your reading rate. Your reading rate should suit the difficulty and type of writing of the text. Poor readers always read at the same slow rate. An efficient reader speeds up for easier materials and slows down for the hard.

It takes time to be an efficient reader.Sticking to these principles, surely, you will read effectively one day.

Reading Check

Ⅰ.Complete the following mind map with only one word for each blank.

Ⅱ. Discussion

Can you think of any other strategies to be an efficient reader?

Language Study

“一目十行”不是梦，再教你两招！

Complete the text with the words from the box in their proper forms.One word is extra.

speed highlight efficient option technique drag follow quick

Want to read more efficiently? Try the 1. _________tips.

2. _________what you are reading. As a student, you have been in a situation where you regretted not noting something down. So, use that mistake as a learning 3. _________and try to take notes and highlight the main points.

Use pens to point where you are reading to read fast and 4. _________. This is another extraordinary 5. ________that I use to read textbooks more quickly. Use a pen and 6. _________it along as you read the lines.This will help you gain momentum (动力). If you want to read faster but efficiently, take the pen more quickly than the 7. _________of your reading.

Cultural Background

高效阅读的小贴士

除了本文提到的一些读书建议外，以下建议也能让你成为更高效的阅读者。

Highlight what you are reading. 突出你正在阅读的内容。

Summaries are essential to read efficiently.摘要对于有效阅读至关重要。

Maintain the habit of reviewing the reading materials. 保持复习阅读材料的习惯。

Take good notes. 做好笔记。

主题应用·语库构建

常用语料

Ⅰ. 高频表达

1. 书籍分类

all types of books 各种类型的书

novel （长篇）小说

science fiction 科幻小说

adventure 冒险

essay 论说文；小品文

realistic novel 现实主义小说

biography 传记

legend 传说；传奇故事

classical literature/work 古典文学/作品

detective novel 侦探小说

fairy tale 童话故事

mystery novel 悬疑小说

folk literature 民间文学

drama 戏剧

literature 文学

lyric 抒情诗

myth 神话

poem 诗

poetry (总称)诗

a book review 书评

contemporary literature 当代文学

2. 人物与职业

writer 作者；作家

author 作者

novelist 小说家

poet 诗人

librarian 图书管理员

dramatist 剧作家

3. 作品风格、内容、创作及评价等

a vivid description 生动的描述

classic 经典的

original adj. 原作的n. 原作

precious 宝贵的；珍贵的

abstract 抽象的

artistic 艺术的

vivid 生动的

visual 视觉的

plain 朴素的

true to life 逼真的

background 背景

character 人物

chapter 章

describe 描述

description 描写

extraordinary 非凡的

line 台词

masterpiece 杰作；代表作

reflect 反映

represent 表示；象征；描绘；展现

adapt...from... 根据……改编……

appeal to 吸引

be based on 以……为根据

be set in 以……为背景

have an influence on 对……有影响

adaptation 改编本

comment v. 评论；批评n. 评论

4. 其他

appreciate 欣赏

publish 出版；发行

recommend 推荐

work 著作；作品

abstract art 抽象艺术

World Book Day 世界读书日

be fascinated by 被……所吸引

be absorbed in 沉浸于……

be occupied with 沉浸于……；忙于……

pay attention 集中注意力

improve your comprehension 提高你的理解力

preview the passage 预习文章

look over the title of the chapter 看看这一章的标题

try to read in phrases of three or four words 试着按三个或四个单词的短语阅读

vary your reading rate 改变你的阅读速度

Ⅱ. 美句背诵

1. Surrounded by books, I am enthusiastic about reading. 被书包围着， 我对读书充满了热情。

2. The moment I finished a book, I would begin another one. 当我一读完一本书时，我就会开始读另一本书。

3. Today, World Book Day has grown into a hugely successful annual celebration of books and reading. 今天， 世界图书日已经发展成为一个非常成功的年度图书和阅读庆祝活动。

4. On this day, children in the UK dress up as their favorite characters for school and community events. 在这一天，英国的孩子们打扮成他们最喜欢的角色，参加学校和社区的活动。

5. World Book Day has been changing lives through the love of books and shared reading. World Book Day now provides reading with pleasure resources throughout the year. 世界读书日一直在通过热爱图书和分享阅读来改变生活。 现在，世界读书日全年为阅读提供了愉悦的资源。

6. Not many people in the business world around me read, which I find frustrating when socializing. 在我周围的商业世界里，没有多少人读书，这让我在社交时感到沮丧。

7. We can't allow the fast pace of modern life to paralyze us, locking us into lifestyle enslaved by technology and an instant gratification mindset. 我们不能让现代生活的快速节奏麻痹自己，把自己锁在被技术和即时满足心态所奴役的生活方式中。

8. I've committed to reading a book a week for the past two years. 在过去的两年里， 我一直致力于每周读一本书。

9. One of the amazing things about reading is that when you're reading, you're engaging in a conversation with the author. 阅读的一个惊人之处是，当你在阅读时，你正在与作者进行对话。

10. Today I stand here to share my reading stories with you because I believe that reading can light up the whole world. 今天我站在这里和大家分享我的阅读故事，因为我相信，阅读可以照亮整个世界。

11. You should quickly skim over the passage, read the first and the last paragraphs and glance at the first sentence of every other paragraph. 你应该快速浏览文章，阅读文章的第一段和最后一段，并看看每一段的第一句。

12. Reading should be an activity which involves only the eyes and the brain. An efficient reader speeds up for easier materials and slows down for the hard. 阅读应该是一项只涉及眼睛和大脑的活动。 遇到更容易的材料时，一个有效率的读者会加快阅读速度；遇到困难的材料时，则会降低速度。

Ⅲ. 主题写作

假定你是李华，你的美国网友Jack写信询问你为什么喜欢在闲暇时读书。请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容包括：

1. 你的读书经历；

2. 你从读书中获得的益处。

注意：

1. 词数120左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jack,

Everyone has different ways of spending his or her free time. As for me, I usually do reading when I have free time.____________________

Write to tell me what you usually do in your spare time.

Yours,

Li Hua

IV. 主题测评

见P56“自测园地”

续写金库

（一）动作描写

1. To read I had to place the book mere inches from my face, which gave me severe headaches. 为了阅读，我不得不把书放在离我的脸只有几英寸的地方，这让我头痛得非常厉害。

2. I read library books as fast as I could go,rushing them home in the basket of my bicycle.我会全速地阅读图书馆的书，把它们装在自行车的篮子里匆忙赶回家。

3. However, he kept his door open so he could still hear the book and before the chapter was over, he had crept out and joined us in the back of the room. 然而，他会让他的门敞开着，以便他仍然能听到（我们读）这本书。 在章节结束之前，他会悄悄地走出来，站在房间的后面加入我们。

4. I bring a book with me wherever I go. 无论我走到哪里，我都带着一本书。

（二）心理感受

5. I was hooked. 我被迷住了。

6. I began devouring books after that. 此后，我开始全神贯注于一本本书。

7. I found that there is something magical in every book and I was so fascinated by the plots. 我发现每本书中都有神奇的东西， 我对这些情节非常着迷。

8. Returning to a book you've read many times can feel like talking with an old friend. 重读一本你读过很多次的书，你会感觉像和一个老朋友交谈。

9. To read is to voyage through time, to visit places you would never otherwise know and to experience a world of imagination, adventure,and discovery. 阅读就是穿越时间，去参观你永远不会知道的地方，体验一个充满想象、冒险和发现的世界。（三）细节描写

10. The love of reading has been kept unchanged, except that I don't suck my fingers anymore while I'm reading. 我对阅读的热爱一直保持不变，只是在阅读时我不再吮吸手指。

（四）环境描写

11. Sunshine glowing on the bookshelves, I smelled the scent of books. 阳光在书架上闪闪发光，我闻到了书的芬芳。

（五）点睛妙语

12. Like fastened bonds, books not only closely connected our early years' reading but also opened a more brilliant future before us. 书籍就像牢固的纽带，不仅将我们早年的阅读紧密相连，也在我们面前开辟了一个更加辉煌的未来。

13. Reading has not only made me a better person, but has also taught me to be more mindful and intentional about everything I do. 阅读不仅使我成为一个更好的人，而且还教会了我对我所做的每件事都要更加小心和用心。

14. Books, for me, are not only a source of information, but a way to escape the stresses of my life. 对我来说，书籍不仅是信息的来源，也是从生活压力中逃出的一种方式。

15. Reading has opened up my mind,exposing me to everything the world offers. 阅读打开了我的思想，让我接触到这个世界提供的一切。