身傍青色岩 留忆是贵州

方童

人们说，去贵州旅行，总是要去青岩古镇。不仅因为它距离贵阳只有29公里，更因为青岩镇是一座享有盛名的文化古镇。巍峨的古城楼、悠长的石板路、恢弘的古寺庙、精美的石牌坊、错落有致的古民房，参天的古油杉更是在静静地等待着人们的到来。

青岩古镇因身傍青色岩峰而得名，古为屯田驻兵之地。《贵州图经新志》载：“青崖在治城南五十里，贵州前卫屯田其下。”贵州方言属于北方语系，当地百姓称屯堡“青崖”，“岩”音“ai”，后写为“青岩”。是贵州四大古镇（青岩、镇远、丙安、隆里）之一，始建于明洪武十年（1378年），历明清两代，至今已有600多年历史。

古鎮不是建造在一个平面上的，而是建造在山坡上。镇中石板路曲折蜿蜒，高高低低，峰回路转，格局给人一种立体的透视感。古镇内设计精巧、工艺精湛的明清古建筑错落分布，寺庙、楼阁画栋雕梁，飞角重檐相间。古镇的建筑依山就势，布局合理，石雕、木雕技艺精湛，凸显了古镇人民的建筑智慧，糅合了过去与现代的元素，古韵悠悠又不乏活力。这里曾经商贾云集，至今保存着大量明清时代的青瓦木屋、石板铺路、古街石巷。古镇四周筑有城墙，分内城和外城，均用方块巨石垒砌，城墙上筑有敌楼、垛口、炮台。气势宏伟的定广门城楼与石板古道、古牌坊交相辉映。

It is said that a travel to Guizhou must include a visit to Qingyan Ancient Town. Not just because it is 29 kilometers away from Guiyang， but also for its rich cultural heritage. The lofty ancient towers， the long flagstonepaved streets， the magnificent ancient temples， the exquisite stone archways， the scattered ancient civil residences， and the towering ancient ketelearia all quietly await peoples arrival. Qingyan Ancient Town got its name from the cyan crags it is backed by （Qingyan means cyan rocks in Chinese）. In ancient times， garrison troops used to reclaim wasteland and station here. Originally built in the 10th year during the reign of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty （1378）， it underwent the Ming and Qing Dynasties， with a history of more than 600 years. It is now one of the four ancient towns （Qingyan， Zhenyuan， Bingan and Longli） in Guizhou.