五月二十四日街商贸服务综合体，圣保罗，巴西

建筑设计：保罗·门德斯·达·罗查 + MMBB建筑事务所

1 鸟瞰/Aerial view

SESC简介

商贸服务组织（简称SESC）是一个管理着38个活动中心的机构。这些活动中心汇集了不同领域的专家，通过各种文化、教育、体育、休闲和健康项目组织在一起。该机构还通过众多与音乐、戏剧、舞蹈、马戏、文学、视觉艺术等相关的项目发展国内和国际合作关系。

SESC的活动以其品德教育和追求广泛的社会福祉为指导，这是对广义的“文化”一词的理解。从这个意义上说，作为一种个体自主性和公民实践的形式，空间的可达性和机构所提供的内容加强了文化价值观的民主化。

五月二十四日街商贸服务综合体于2017年8月19日对公众开放，截止2018年1月31日，已累计接待了1,257,455人次。

项目简介

我们认为像圣保罗这样的城市，其转型和发展的过程是通过慢慢适应社会习俗和生活方式的变化而实现的。

新的五月二十四日街商贸服务综合体包含了一系列娱乐休闲和服务设施，占据了圣保罗市区曾经的Mesbla总部大楼，是一个在城市遗址环境中进行干预的典型代表。考虑到这样的背景，设计方案既有效地促进了城市这一引人注目的区域的升级，同时重新调整了建筑结构，使其完全适应新的功能和特定的项目。为此，设计提出了以下基本概念：

（1）作为一个公共场所营造的核心概念，建筑的首层容纳了一个大型开放广场，它能够自由通行，且具有画廊的特征，与街区周围令人兴奋的环境直接相连；

（2）将以前的地下车库改造成咖啡馆和剧院，同周围热闹的街道联系起来；

（3）创建一个由大量坡道组成的垂直流线系统，勾勒出一个清晰连贯的环廊，形成建筑的漫步道，并以有趣的方式将广阔的城市空间与新商贸服务大厦的种种室内项目连在一起；

2 街景/Street view

（4）在设计策略层面形成一系列的开放空间，这些空间都是有顶的架空广场，从而使建筑向周围开放。这些空间——如游乐场和游泳池花园——没有封闭的立面，而是沿着开放流通的坡道网络，扮演空中花园的角色；

（5）为了重视围护结构的价值，避免单调的地板叠加，设计最终采用了楼板交织的设计，挑空大厅部分有夹层，以及上部和架空的画廊，为一些项目所使用；

（6）屋顶上建造了一个宽阔的广场，是一个包含露天泳池的日光浴场；

（7）将所有技术和机械基础设施都集中在一个作为独立服务塔使用的附属楼内。为此，所有的基础设施都被尽可能地压缩在一个扩建体上，它被建造在临近的一块废弃多年的土地上；

（8）将家具设计作为建筑设计的一部分。这带来了一系列色彩鲜艳的桌、椅、沙发、橱柜，模块化堆叠家具元素的设计以一种愉悦诙谐的方式完成了建筑的设计，强化了它的机构身份。

为了实现这些目标——既是设计的核心挑战，也是空间特征的定位——建筑师采用了一系列的建造技术和基础设施供应，具体如下：

（1）对原Mesbla建筑结构的特定部分进行选择性拆除，保留其基本结构元素和中央大厅，新的设计围绕垂直空间进行构造；

（2）新的自主建筑结构，主要由4根柱子支撑，让出了中心空间，承载着一系列大尺度交错空间，以及屋顶上的日光浴场和游泳池体量；

（3）通过略微降低地平高度将建筑以前的车库改造为剧院，与此同时，谨慎地尊重其临近建筑的边界和结构基础；

（4）根据当地消防法规的要求，开发一套适用于所有楼层的精密机械排烟系统。它的复杂性能够实现各类空间布局，如双层和完全开放的流线网络这些一般在建筑中无法实现的具有特殊用途和设计限制的布局。（庞凌波 译）

3 近景鸟瞰/Nearby aerial view

About SESC

SESC (The Social S ervice of Commerce) is an institution that oversees 38 activity centres that bring together various fields of expertise, articulated through a variety of cultural, educational,sports, and leisure and health programmes. This institution also develops national and international partnerships through numerous projects related to music, theatre, dance, circus, literature and the visual arts.

SESC's activities are guided by its educational ethics as well as the pursuit of broad social wellbeing, in which the term culture is understood in its full spectrum. In this sense, the full accessibility to the spaces and contents offered by the institution enhances the democratisation of cultural values as a form of individual autonomy and the practice of citizenship.

SESC 24 de Maio opened on August 19th 2017 and, by January 31st 2018, the venue had already received 1,257,455 people.

The Project

We believe that the process of transformation and development of cities such as São Paulo is made by slowly adapting to the changes of customs and way of life of the societies that build them.

The new SESC 24 de Maio - which houses a complex set of recreational and service facilities -occupies the former headquarter of the Mesbla department store in downtown São Paulo, and represents an exemplary challenge of intervening in the context of an urban heritage site. Taking such context into account the proposed design as set both to contribute effectively to the upgrading of such remarkable area of the city, as well as to readapt the building structure to a completely new set of uses and speci fic programmes. In order to do so, the following basic ideas were outlined:

(1) To house a large open square at the ground level of the building as a central idea of public place making, designing it as a free passage with a gallery character that is directly linked to the exciting surroundings of the neighbourhood;

(2) To transform the former underground garage into a Café and a Theatre, in direct relation to lively streets that surround it;

(3) To create a new vertical circulation system composed of a generous sequence of ramps,outlining a clear and continuous circuit that sets an architectural promenade and playfully connects the wider urban spaces of the city to the various indoors programmes of the new SESC building;

(4) To structure a variety of open spaces at strategic levels that are designed as covered elevated squares, thus opening the building to its surroundings. Such spaces - such as the Conviviality Square and the Swimming Pool Garden - are not enclosed with façades and act as hanging gardens along the open circulation network of ramps;

(5) To adopt eventual associations of two levels,with character of great hall, part with double foot right, and upper and overhead galleries, for some items of the programme, in order to value enclosures and avoid the monotony of simple overlapping type floors;

(6) To build a generous square on the rooftop, a solarium that includes an open swimming pool;

(7) To concentrate all technical and mechanical infrastructure on an annex structure that acts as an isolated service tower. For this purpose,all infrastructure has been all condensed on an extension that has been built on a contiguous property that had been abandoned years before;

(8) To incorporate a set of furniture pieces that are integral part to the architectural design. This has resulted on a colourful design series of chairs,tables, sofas, desks, counters and modular stackable furniture elements that complete the building in a joyful and playful manner, strengthening its institutional identity.

In order to bring about such goals - which are at the core of the design's challenges and which orient its spatial character - a series of decisions on building techniques and infrastructural supply were adopted, namely:

(1) The selective demolition of specific parts of the structure of the original Mesbla building,maintaining its basic structural elements and central hall, originating on the vertical void around which the new design is structured;

(2) The construction of a new and autonomous building structure, supported by four main pillars that configure the central void, sustaining both a series of large interleaved halls, as well as the solarium and swimming pool volume that crown the building on the rooftop;

(3) The adaptation of the building's former garage to a Theatre by slightly lowering its level while, at the same time, carefully respecting the limits and structural foundations of its neighbouring building;

(4) The development of an elaborate mechanical emergency system for smoke exhaustion that services all building levels, as required by local fire regulations. Its complexity as allowed for a variety of spatial arrangements - such as double floors and a completely open circulation network - that would normally not be allowed in a building with such speci fic uses and design constrains.

项目信息/Credits and Data

地点/Location: 24 de Maio Street X Dom José de Barros Street, São Paulo, Brazil

客户/Promoter: SESC - The Social Service of Commerce

建筑设计/Architects: Paulo Mendes da Rocha + MMBB Arquitetos

设计团队/Architecture Staff: Fernando Mello Franco, Marta Moreira, Milton Braga, Adriano Bergemann, Ana Carina Costa, Ana Carolina Mamede, Cecília Góes, Eduardo Ferroni,Giovanni Meirelles, Gleuson Pinheiro, Guilherme Pianca,Jacques Rordorf, Lucas Vieira, Márcia Terazaki, Maria João Figueiredo, Marina Acayaba, Marina Sabino, Martin Benavidez,Vito Macchione, João Yamamoto, Rafael Monteiro, Rodrigo Brancher, Thiago Rolemberg, Victor Olivera

结构设计/Structure: Kurkdjian e Fruchtengarten Engenheiros Associados

地基工程/Building Foundation: MAG Projesolos Engenheiros Associados

电气和水力工程/Electrical and Hydraulic Engineers: PHE Projetos Hidráulicos e Elétricos

暖通工程/Air Conditioning: Thermoplan Engenharia Térmica

声学设计/Acoustic: Nepomuceno Acústica e Sônica

景观设计/Scenic Engineers: J.C. Serroni e Gustavo Lanfranchi

噪声工程/Sound Engineers: Alexandre Sresnewsky

照明设计/Lighting: Rosane Haron (Espaço Luz) e Altimar Cypriano

建筑物理/Environmental Comfort: Daltrini e Granado Arquitetura e Conforto Ambiental

信息技术/Information Technology: Marciano Engenharia

安防设计/Building Safety: SI2 - Soluções Inteligentes

电梯/Elevators: EMPRO Engenharia de Produção

防水/Waterproo fing: PROASSP Acessória e Projetos

地板和排水/Floors and Drainage: LPE Engenharia e Consultoria

门窗/Window and Doors: AEC - Consultores

商贸服务参与工程师/SESC Engineering Staff: Amilcar João Gay Filho, Humberto Bigaton, Alberto Costa Souza Neto

承建/Constractor: Mendes Júnior Trading e Engenharia S/A建筑面积/Building Area: 27,865 m²

设计时间/Design Period: 2002-2008

施工时间/Construction Period: 2012-2017

摄影/Photos: Nelson Kon

4 外景/Exterior view

Q: 请问旧Mesbla总部大楼需要进行哪些改造？

A: 主要的挑战是如何将原有的商业建筑改造成一个新的公共场所。我们用坡道作为主要流线，这只有在改造项目中才是符合法规的。坡道作为城市人行道的延伸，从建筑首层中央的主中庭一直连接到顶层。原来的屋顶空间现在有了新的结构与一个游泳池，定义了屋顶上的开放广场。

Q: 你们对新大楼有怎样的愿景？

A: 我们想要为建设一个更具包容性、平等性和趣味性的城市做出贡献，希望建筑空间可以拥抱生活的多样性和不确定性。项目植根于对“为市民服务的城市”的理解，期望以此为契机创造一个促进合作、兼容并包的城市。

Q: 建筑中的哪些地方是需要支付入场费或成为SESC会员才能进入的？

A: 几乎整栋大楼都是免费向公众开放的。由于大楼位于两条街道的拐角处，你可以直接穿过它的首层，经过建筑中的展览。你也可以很方便地进入坡道，参观大楼内的许多活动。只有两个区域是只有会员能进入的——位于顶层的牙科诊所和游泳池。

Q: 圣保罗以缺乏公共空间而闻名，但五月二十四日街商贸服务综合体恰恰相反，它提供了高品质的公共生活空间。这可否说明这座巨型城市正在改变？

A: 我们认为，像圣保罗这样的城市的转型和发展，是通过慢慢适应它的社会习惯和生活方式的变化而实现的。在圣保罗还有很多像Mesbla总部大楼这样的废弃建筑，也可以用来为这座城市庞大的人口提供更多的公共设施和城市基础设施。

项目选择性地拆除了原建筑的某些部分，保留了基本的建筑构件，比如中央大厅利用4根柱子和一个坡道系统进行了改造。（母卓尔 译）

5 开敞空间/Open space

Q: What changes did the original Mesbla building require?

A: One of the main challenges was to transform the pre-existing commercial building into a new public venue. Regarding legislation, the ramps that con figure the main circulation were only possible as it was a renovation. They extend the urban pavement and connect the main atrium in the centre of the building's ground level to the top floor. The pre-existing space now houses the new structure with a swimming pool that de fines the open square on the rooftop.

Q: What was your vision for the new building?

A: Our intention was to contribute to the construction of a more inclusive, egalitarian and interesting city with spaces that can embrace the diversity and unpredictability of life. The project is rooted in an understanding of cities for the citizenry and sets about creating a more collaborative,collective and inclusive city.

Q: Where do you have to pay entrance or be a SESC member to enter?

A: Almost the entire building has free public access.Since the building is on the corner of two streets,you can cross through it while passing exhibitions on the ground level. You may also easily access the ramps and visit the many activities which the building contains. The only two areas that can only be accessed by members are the dental clinics and the swimming pool located on the top floor.

Q: São Paulo is notorious for its lack of public space, but SESC 24 de Maio is exactly the opposite:high-quality space for public life. Is the megacity changing?

A: We believe that the process of transformation and development of cities such as São Paulo is made by slowly adapting to the changes in the habits and way of life of the societies that inhabit them. There are many other abandoned buildings like Mesbla in the city of São Paulo that could also be used to generate more public facilities and urban infrastructure for its enormous population.

The selective demolition of specific parts of the original building maintained its basic architectural elements like the central hall, which was recon figured with four pillars and a circulation system of ramps.

评委评语

曹嘉明：五月二十四日街商贸服务综合体是一幢非常有意思的综合功能建筑，建筑的挑战还在于对旧建筑的改造并且创造出新的空间，例如将地下车库改为剧场，又将新的结构体系支撑起屋顶上的游泳池作为一个观景点等等——使其更契合业主商贸服务组织的理念。这栋楼的开放，犹如形成了一个开放交流的小社会，以其开放性和连通性对周边密集的城市环境做出了贡献。

克里斯汀·菲莱斯：在粗犷的城市环境之中，位于圣保罗市中心的Mesbla原总部大楼被改造成了一个汇聚众多文化和休闲功能的绿洲。建筑被一系列半开放的公共空间点缀，包括礼堂、室内外游泳设施、食堂、教育空间、以及体育馆，屋顶的游泳池尤其是它的亮点。底层开阔的开放式广场、自由穿行的通道以及丰富的活动内容使该项目成为社区内的网红点和人们相聚的空间。（钱芳 译）

14 坡道内景/Interior view of ramps

15 内景/Interior views

16 内景/Interior views

17 内景/Interior views

18 坡道内景/Interior view of ramps

Jury Statement

CAO Jiaming: SESC 24 de Maio is a very interesting mixed-use building, whose architectural challenge also lies in the transformation of the old building to create new spaces, such as converting the underground garage into a theatre, and the new structural system supporting the swimming pool on the roof as a viewpoint, etc. -aligning the design to the owner SESC's concept. The openness of the building, as if forming a small society of open communication, contributes to the dense urban context with its openness and connectivity.(Translated by PAN Yi)Kristin Feireiss: In the middle of the raw city, the former headquarter of the Mesbla department store in downtown São Paulo has been redefined and transformed into an oasis of cultural and leisure functions. The building features a number of semipublic spaces such as an auditorium, indoor and outdoor swimming facilities, canteen, educational spaces, gymnastics hall and as a spectacular highlight a swimming poll on the rooftop. With its large ground level open square, free passage and density of activities the project is a hotspot and meeting space for the neighbourhood.