主题语境十：科学与技术

蒋建平

科技是第一生产力。日新月异的现代科技正飞速地改变着我们的世界，也正在重新书写着新世纪的历史。磁悬浮列车、克隆技术、移動支付、5G（第五代移动通信技术）、VR（虚拟现实）、AI（人工智能）等新名词、新事物不断刷新着我们的词汇记忆记录，也不断改写、充实着词典和词库。掌握现代科学技术、普及科学知识是我们的必修课。课标中“科学与技术”主题涉及的主要内容有：（1）Recent inventions， medical advances， technological advances， etc.;（2）Computer science， etc.。关于“科学与技术”主题的写作常有以下几个命题角度：

1. 网络对人们生活的影响，如手机、平板电脑等带来的问题;

2. 面对日新月异的电子产品我们该怎样选择;

3. 对日常生活的创意想法;

4. 对未来生活的设想。

语境串记

Explore imaginary MKⅡ

MKⅡ， a remote planet， is the origin of life in many 1.    （story）. Physicists have found out that its gentle climate is similar to the earths. Moreover， astronomers have found that oxygen atoms and carbon dioxide， 2.     are fundamental to life， exist in its atmosphere through satellites. 3.    （cheer） up by this news， biologists， in their turn， began to do some research 4.    （remove） peoples puzzles： Now that there are some suitable conditions， does life really exist 5.     this globe？ Do they multiply by laying eggs or giving birth to babies？

Last month， a spaceship 6.    （send） there. Its a pity that this mission failed. Unlike the earth， MKⅡ is 7.     much younger planet. Thus， masses of 8.    （harm） acid clouds float everywhere 9.    （cause） violent chain reactions to break out. These clouds not only blocked out the pilots sight but also damaged the engine system. 10.    （lucky）， the pilots watched out carefully and prevented the spaceship from crashing in time.

探测想象中的MK二号行星

MK二号是一颗遥远的行星，它在许多故事里都是生命起源的地方。物理学家已经发现它温和的气候和地球相似。此外，天文学家也通过卫星，在它的大气层里发现了氧原子和二氧化碳的存在，这些对生命来说，都是基本的。受到这一消息的鼓舞，生物学家们接着开始了研究以解开人们的迷惑：既然有了适合的条件，生命真的存在于这个星球吗？他们是通过下蛋，还是产仔来繁殖后代的呢？

上个月，一艘太空飞船被派到了那儿。可惜的是，这次任务失败了。不像地球，MK二号是一颗年轻得多的行星。因此，大团大团的有害酸云到处漂浮，引起猛烈的连锁反应的爆发。这些云团不仅阻挡了飞行员的视线，而且还损坏了发动机系统。幸运的是，飞行员小心注意，才及时阻止了飞船的坠毁。

素材积累

一、阅读词汇整合（明其义）

【核心单词】

1. breakthrough 重大进展;突破

2. challenge 挑战

3. explore v. 探索

exploration n. 探索;探测

4. intelligent adj. 智能的

intelligence n. 智力;智慧

5. equipment 设备

6. analyze v. 分析

analysis n. 分析

7. create v. 创造

creation n. 创造;创作

creative adj. 有创造力的;创造的

creator n. 创造者;创作者

8. digital 数字化的

9. electronic 电子的

10. automatic 自动的

11. invent v. 发明

invention n. 发明;创造

inventor n. 发明者;发明家

【高频短语】

1. with the development of 随着……的发展

2. with the popularity of the Internet 随着网络的普及

3. high?tech products 高科技产品

4. carry out scientific experiments 开展科学实验

5. do/work wonders 创造奇迹

6. realize ones dream 实现某人的梦想

【主题整合】

电脑软件与硬件

1. screen 屏幕

2. monitor 显示器

3. mouse 鼠标

4. keyboard 键盘

5. modem 调制解调器

6. system 系统;体系

7. program 程序

8. virus 病毒

电脑操作

1. access 存取

2. search 搜索

3. scan 扫描

4. copy 复制

5. delete 删除

6. download 下载

7. edit 编辑

8. insert 插入

9. update 更新

10. log in/on 登录;进入

11. click on sth 用鼠标点击

信息与网络

1. big data 大数据

2. Internet 因特网;互联网

3. signal 信号

4. file 文件

5. website 网站

6. message 消息;信息

7. online 在线的;联网的

8. online shopping 网上购物

9. search engine 搜索引擎

10. surf the Internet 网上冲浪

二、写作词汇运用（悉其用）

根据汉语提示或用所给单词的正确形式完成句子。

1. Our analysis shows that we can move a lot faster（以用风能和太阳能取代煤炭）.

2. In the next few years， computers will become handier， and shortly all of us are going to use our voices（发出指令） to computers.

3. Nothing is wasted， and everything， even plastic bags， （recycle）.

4. So how do we（维持健康的平衡） in our use of technology and not become run down by it？

5. This September， a total of 35 universities in China will become the countrys first batch to offer AI as a major to undergraduate students with a drive（build） a strong AI talent pool.

6. Activities like playing computer games，surfing the Net and（下載） MP3s are common for the youngsters.

7. You need a password  （登录） to enter the computer.

8. In the past few years our country

（make） a great breakthrough in science.

9. Keep looking up， and you may catchsight of some（意想不到的） creatures.

10. When a new product comes into being， it must be tested out before it                      （投入使用）.

三、核心句型表达（精于表）

根据要求翻译下列句子。

1. 预料科技在我们未来的生活中将扮演着更为重要的角色。

译法一：（含宾语从句）

译法二：（用it作形式主语）

译法三：（含不定式结构）

2. 毫无疑问，现代科技给我们的生活带来了方便和舒适。

译法一：（用it作形式主语）

译法二：（含that引导的同位语从句）

3. 尽管3D食品打印技术最近取得了进步，但该行业仍有许多困难需要克服。

译法一：（含despite）

译法二：（含although引导的状语从句）

4. 显而易见，iPad对我们的学习，尤其是对我们的英语听力有很大的帮助。

译法一：（简单句）

译法二：（用it作形式主语）

知识维度诊断评价

Ⅰ. 单句填空

1. We will be able to download any file or update our computers just by （say） a few words.

2. Well， now theres a systemthe waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.

3. （travel） at a speed of over 400 kilometres per hour， the train can complete the 30?kilometre journey in eight minutes.

4. Instead of using drawings done by hand， computers created the images， and the result was a much greater realism—the creatures in Toy Story were （astonishing） lifelike.

5. Data （release） last week highlighted the rise of the renewable， with electricity generation from clean sources doubling since 2008.

6. The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great            （invent）.

7. Learning that you show great interest in Artificial Intelligence from your last email， Id like to shareyou some information.

8. China offers a good stage for people with a good knowledge of AI to showthey can achieve.

9. Both of these sources offer a wealth of information （explore）.

10. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry， none of which

（prove）.

Ⅱ. 单句改错

1. As you know it， courses about AI will be offered in 35 Chinese universities in September 2019.

2. Under the rapid development of China， the government will also pay more and more attention to AI.

3. When most of us get a text message on our cellphone from the unknown person， we usually say “Sorry， wrong number！”

4. Compare with traditional letters， e?mail has many advantages， such as being fast and costing nothing.

5. Shortly all of us are going to use our voices to give instruction to computers.

Ⅲ. 语篇填词

选用所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文意思完整。

[base， publish， high， use， feel， difference， tell， rely， detail， concern]

We all know the hard work that filmmakers and actors put in to provide us with entertainment， but it seems that even regular moviegoers like us have a big impact on how a movie turns out too. For decades， film studios 1.so?called test screenings to get feedback from members of the public before a movie comes out. While test audience members are usually asked to fill in a questionnaire after a screening， 2.the film studio what they liked and didnt like， media giant Disney has come up with a more high?tech solution.

According to a paper 3.by the companys researchers， Disney is measuring test audiences reactions by using special cameras placed inside cinemas. Pairing the cameras with custom software， the company can track what each audience member 4. at any point in the movie， from anger to joy. This works by mapping 68 different points on each audience members face. The cameras can see in the dark， and the software can figure out a persons mood 5. on the slightest of facial expressions.

Its hoped that this new method will allow more 6. feedback from test audiences. Rather than 7. on audience members to recall their feelings after the movies over， it can accurately read their reactions in real?time.

Test screenings are 8. valued in the movie industry， and several well?known movies have been greatly altered following feedback. Viewers of E.T. the Extra?Terrestrial （1982）， would have left the cinema feeling a whole lot 9. if it werent for its test audiences feedback. “In one cut of the film that was tested， E.T. died instead of going home in his spaceship. You wont be surprised to hear that the test audience in question didnt warm to this ending at all，” wrote media website Den of Geek.

But for those who 10. about privacy， the cameras wont be installed in public cinemas. After all， unless youre part of a test audience， being in front of the camera is best left to the movie stars.

（主题语境十：素养维度发展评价，见第53～54页）