重点知识园地
重点单词
1. cook n. 厨师
v. 烹饪;煮
The onions made the cooks eyes water.
洋葱刺激得厨师两眼流泪。
He cooked lunch for me.
他给我做了午餐。
cooking n. 烹饪;烹调
cooker n. 厨灶,炉具
2. violinist n. 小提琴手
Roses father is a violinist.
罗斯的父亲是一位小提琴手。
-ist是名词后缀,表示专家或从事某活动的人。如:
pianist n. 钢琴家 scientist n. 科学家
3. driver n. 驾驶员;司机
She climbed into the drivers seat.
她爬上了驾驶座。
动词后加-er,-or后缀可表示人,如:
doctor n. 医生 actor n. 演员
engineer n. 工程师 worker n. 工人
4. send v. 邮寄;发送
常用于以下结构中:
send sb sth = send sth to sb 把某物寄给某人
Have you sent your mother a postcard yet?
你给你母亲寄明信片没有?
send v. 传达;派遣
Ive sent Tom to buy some milk.
我叫汤姆去买牛奶了。
5. question v. 表示疑问;怀疑;提问;质询
I just accepted what he told me. I never thought to question it.
他说什么我就接受什么,我从未想过要去怀疑它。
当question表示“提问;质询”时,常用于以下结构中:
question sb about/on sth 询问/质询某人某事
She was arrested and questioned about the fire.
她被拘留讯问有关火灾的事情。
question n. 问题;疑问
6. discuss v. 讨论;商量
(1)其后直接跟宾语,常用于以下结构中:
discuss sth with sb 与某人讨论/商量某事
Have you discussed the problem with anyone?
你与谁商量过这个问题吗?
(2)其后接动词时,用动名詞(不用不定式)。
We discussed buying a second car.
我们商量过再买一辆汽车的事儿。
discussion n. 讨论;商讨
常用于以下结构中:
have a discussion with sb on/about/over sth 就某事与某人进行讨论
We had a discussion with her about/over it.
对此我们同她进行了讨论。
7. promise n. 承诺;诺言
v. 许诺;承诺
She kept her promise to visit her aunt regularly.
她信守诺言,定期去看望姑妈。
当promise作动词表示“许诺;承诺”时,常用于以下结构中:
(1)promise sb sth = promise sth to sb 许诺/答应某人某事
He promised his grandchildren the money.
他答应给孙儿孙女们这笔钱。
(2)promise to do sth 承诺做某事
I promise to tell the truth.
我承诺说真话。
make/keep/break a promise 许下/信守/违背诺言
8. paint v. 用颜料画;在……上刷油漆
A friend painted the children for me.
一位朋友给我画了这张孩子们的画像。
painter n. 油漆匠;画家
painting n. 油画;绘画;涂漆
9. weekly adj. & adv. 每周的(地)
We do the weekly shopping every Thursday.
我们每星期四采购一次。
The group meets weekly.
小组每周见面一次。
在hour,day,week,month,year等表示时间的名词词尾加上后缀-ly构成的单词,含有“每……的(地)”的意思,它们既可用作形容词,也可用作副词。
重点短语
1. grow up 长大;成熟;成长
She grew up in Boston.
她在波士顿长大。
2. be sure about 确信;对……有把握
Are you sure about that?
这事你肯定吗?
be sure to do sth 必定/准会做某事
Its sure to rain.
准会下雨。
3. make sure (of sth/that...) 确保;查明
They scored another goal and made sure of victory.
他们又进了一个球,这就赢定了。
She looked around to make sure that she was alone.
她往四周看看是不是只有她一个人。
4. make the soccer team 成为足球队的一员
He didnt make the soccer team.
他未入选足球队。
注意:make在这里表示“成为(某队成员)”。
5. be able to 能够做某事
Will you be able to come?
你能来吗?
ability n. 能力
He has the ability to do this job.
他有能力完成这项工作。
6. at the beginning of 在……开始
Were going to Japan at the beginning of July.
我们七月初要去日本。
begin v. 開始
begin to do sth/begin doing sth 开始做某事
7. write down 写下;记录下
write down sth = write sth down 写下/记录下某事
Write down the address before you forget it.
把地址写下来,免得忘了。
注意:当sth(宾语)是代词时,只能用write sth down结构,如:write it/them down。
8. have to do with 关于;与……有关系
What does this have to do with me?
这跟我有什么关系?
have something/nothing/a lot to do with sb/sth 与某人/某物有些/毫无/有很大关系
9. take up (尤指为消遣)学着做;开始做
Theyve taken up golf.
他们学起打高尔夫球来了。
活学活用
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Howard is a talented ____ (piano).
2. They discussed ____ (sell) the house.
3. He promised ____ (come) early.
4. Sports have something ____ (do) with health.
5. The workers are paid ____ (month).
基本语法
be going to 表示将来
1.基本含义
(1)表示将要发生的动作或安排,或打算、计划、决定要做的事。
We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.
我们计划下午召开班会。
(2)表示有迹象要发生某事。
Look at the black clouds. Its going to rain.
看那些乌云,要下雨了。
2.be going to 的句式
(1)肯定句
be going to 结构中的助动词be 的现在式一般有三种形式,即am,is,are。当主语是第一人称单数时用am;当主语是第三人称单数时用is;当主语是其他人称时用are。
I am/He is/They are going to buy something tomorrow morning.
明天早上我/他/他们要去买些东西。
(2)否定句
在be(am/is/are)的后面加上not。
They are not/arent going to see the car factory next week.
他们不打算下周去参观汽车厂。
(3)一般疑问句
把be(am/is/are)放到句首,在句末加问号,构成一般疑问句。不过I am... 在改为一般疑问句时常常改为Are you...?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+ am/is/are.
否定回答:No, Im not/主语+ isnt/arent.
—Are they going to see the car factory next week?
他们打算下周去参观汽车厂吗?
—Yes, they are./No, they arent.
是的,他们打算去。/不,他们不打算去。
(4)特殊疑问句
特殊疑問词+一般疑问句。
What are you going to do this afternoon?
今天下午你要做什么?
Where are they going to have dinner?
他们要去哪里吃饭?
3.使用be going to应注意的两点
(1)There be 句型的be going to 结构为:There is/are going to be... 常用来表示将有某事发生(注意句型中going to 后面的be 不能改为have)。
There is going to be a football match in our school next Saturday.
下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。
(2)come,go,leave,arrive 等表示位置移动的动词常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作,它们很少与be going to 结构连用。
Miss Sun is coming tonight.
今晚孙小姐要来。