主题语境四：文学与艺术

蒋建平

文学，修身养性，丰富内涵;艺术，陶冶情操，提升品位。“文学与艺术”主题与我们的实际生活密切相关，对学生了解国内外的文学与艺术形式，及其特点、历史、发展与创新等都有帮助。该主题能够引导学生接受和尊重不同国家和民族的文学与艺术，并亲身感受文学与艺术的魅力。“文学与艺术”主题涉及的主要内容有：（1）Forms of literature and art（play， drama， novel， essay， poetry， short story）;（2）Famous literature people and artists。

近几年的高考英语阅读理解常涉及“文学与艺术”主题，旨在要求考生在日常生活中了解文学与艺术领域，多关注当代文学与艺术的发展动向，亲自去感受文学与艺术的魅力，开阔视野，提升文学素养。

Chaplin—a famous comedy actor

Chaplin was an extraordinary performer 1. starred in and directed many outstanding comedies. Few were bored watching his moustache， his gestures or his 2.（entertain） reactions when chased by detectives. Being drunk， sliding on a banana skin or whispering his own failures to nobody， he made us feel more content with our life without any verbal 3. （explain）. His particular sense of humor has astonished everybody throughout the world up to now.

In a smallbudget film， he played a badlyoff and 4. （home） person wearing wornout shoes and messy clothes. On one occasion， he 5. （trap） by a snowstorm in a vast 6.（mountain） area. 7.he overcame many difficulties， he wasnt fortunate enough. With all the porridge 8. （eat） up， he picked out a shoe and boiled it to eat. He cut off the leather bottom and chewed it like a pancake. According to 9. actress， his acting was so convincing and amusing that everybody couldnt help 10. （burst） into laughter.

著名喜剧演员卓别林

卓别林是一名卓越的演员，他主演并导演了多部杰出的喜剧。看见他的小胡子和手势，还有面对警探追捕时有趣的反应，很少有人会觉得厌烦。喝醉酒，踩到香蕉皮滑倒，或者自言自语（低语）自己的糗事，他不需要任何语言解释的表演总是让我们对自己的生活感到更加满意。他独特的幽默感直到现在依然使世界各地的人们都感到惊讶。

在一部小预算电影里，他穿着磨破的鞋子和脏兮兮的衣服，扮演了一个贫穷又无家可归的人。在一幕场景中，他被一场暴风雪困在一片多山的区域里。尽管他克服了许多困难，但是他还是运气不好。粥都吃完了，他只好挑出一只鞋子煮来吃。他切下皮革的鞋底，像嚼烙饼一样地咀嚼起来。据一名女演员所说，他的表演如此令人信服而又逗人发笑，让在场的所有人都忍不住大笑起来。

素材積累

（一）阅读词汇整合（明其义）

【核心单词】

1. comment v. & n. 评论

2. describe v. 描述;形容

description n. 描述;描写;类型

3. recommend v. 推荐

4. display n. & v. 展示;陈列

5. inspiration n. 灵感;妙计

inspire v. 鼓舞;启发思考

inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的

6. performance n. 表演

perform v. 表演;做

performer n. 表演者

7. imagination n. 想象力

8. design n. & v. 设计;构思

designer n. 设计师

9. admire v. 欣赏

admiration n. 钦佩;羡慕

【高频短语】

1. adapt...from... 根据……改编……

2. be based on 以……为依据

3. be set in 以……为背景

4. have an influence on 对……有影响

5. put on 演出;上演

6. play the role of... 扮演……

7. give life to 赋予……生命（力）

8. on exhibition/display/show 正在展出

【主题整合】

文学

1. adventure story 探险小说

2. crime story 侦探小说

3. thriller 惊险小说

4. mystery 推理小说

5. horror fiction 恐怖小说

6. science fiction 科幻小说

7. childrens literature 儿童文学

8. classical literature/works 古典文学/作品

9. biography 传记

10. autobiography 自传

11. drama 戏剧

12. essay 论说文;小品文

13. reportage 新闻报道;报道文体

14. poem 诗

15. fairy tale 童话故事

16. fable 寓言

影视

1. crime film 犯罪片

2. thriller film 惊悚片

3. horror film 恐怖片

4. martial arts film/action film 武打片

5. romantic film 爱情片

6. documentary film 纪录片

7. military/war film 战争片

8. detective film 侦探电影

9. comedy 喜剧

10. tragedy 悲剧

11. TV series 电视连续剧

12. chat show 访谈节目

13. quiz show 知识竞赛节目

14. soap opera 肥皂剧

15. sports program 体育节目

美术

1. Chinese landscape painting 中国山水画

2. oil painting 油画

3. watercolor 水彩画

4. charcoal drawing 素描

5. portrait 肖像画

6. sculpture 雕塑;雕刻作品

7. statue 塑像;雕像

8. wood carving 木雕

（二）写作词汇运用（悉其用）

根据汉语提示或所给单词的正确形式完成句子。

1. This new film is said（adapt） from a novel by Jane Austen.

2. Harry Potter stories are so

（appeal） that they encourage children to read

more.

3. Today the Swedish Academy is coming under heavy（criticize） both from within and outside.

4. She wanted to work for a bigger and more（influence） newspaper.

5. The Academy has defended itself against such charges of（狭隘） in its selection.

6. As your close friend， I know you are fond of Chinese culture， especially （戲曲） culture.

7. I have made some Chinese knots by myself， which can be used（装饰） my house.

8. I noticed that in front of the （画廊） stood many students holding flowers， waiting for the arrival of the famous artist.

9. As we all know， Xu Zhimo was a very famous Chinese romantic（诗人） who lived in the early 20th century.

10. The novel was first written in English and later（translate） into Chinese.

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（三）核心句型表达（精于表）

根据要求翻译下列句子。

1. 我认为我们学生如果想尽可能多地了解伟大的文学作品，最好还是读原著。

译法一：（主从复合句;opinion/view）

译法二：（含宾语从句）

译法三：（含同位语从句;view）

2. 一位私人收藏家拥有这幅油画。它具有极高的收藏价值。

译法一：（用并列句）

译法二：（简单句;in the possession of）

译法三：（用过去分词短语作定语）

译法四：（定语从句;in possession of）

3. 一些经典作品不仅能让我们感到喜悦和兴奋，而且还鼓励我们批判地思考。

译法一：（并列句）

译法二：（倒装句）

4. 玛丽亚已写了两部小说，这两部小说都被拍成了电视剧。

译法一：（并列句）

译法二：（含非限制性定语从句）

译法三：（含独立主格结构）

知识维度诊断评价

Ⅰ. 单句填空

1. She graduated from the Shanghai Conservatory of Music， she also studied the guzheng in 1993.

2. The moment they start to play， it is clear that the members of Twelve Girls Band are among the most （gift） musicians in the world.

3. In addition to the awards themselves， there are also （performance） by famous artists at the ceremony.

4. Therefore， the Grammys are not taken （serious） by some musicians or music fans.

5. As well as （attract） huge audiences in its Hong Kong home， Cantopop has spread offshore， and its stars are known in Beijing， London and New York.

6. My elder brother thinks staying at home and reading some classic works quietly in a situation of his own can help him （well） understand the authors ideas.

7. British artist L.S. Lowry， is one of Britains best loved painters， whose paintings of industrial， workingclass Britain brought him popular （famous） in the UK.

8. Benjamin West， the father of American painting， showed his talent art when he was only six years of age.

9. Williams， a wellknown painter， came to see him work， and （impress） with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.

10. It was not long the artists career began to take off.

Ⅱ. 單句改错

1. Songs that are spoken rather than sing are called rap.

2. While it is likely that Benjamin West understood very few about the books， they were his introduction to classical paintings.

3. These were the first pictures and first real brushes Benjamin has ever seen.

4. Those two books on painting were my companions by the day， and under my pillow at night.

5. For the last 115 years， the Swedish Academy has decided who will receive the Nobel Prize in Literature， thus determines who will be promoted from the great and the near great to the immortal（不朽的人物）.

6. Critics argue that the select of the winners often has less to do with true writing ability than with the peculiar politics inside the Academy and Sweden itself.

7. If for no other reason， the Nobel Prize in Literature will continue to be desirable for the financial rewards that accompany them.

8. The Swedish Academy says that its physical distance from the great literary capitals of the world actually serves to protect the Academy from many outside influence.

9. His works have had a influence on many modern writers.

10. As we all know， Chinese knots means reunion， friendly， warmth， peace and love， so I think they will sell well.

Ⅲ. 语篇填词

选用所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文意思完整。

The literary life of Robert Frost： An overview

Robert Frost（1874—1963） was the statesman of American letters in the twentieth century， a rare national poet who was read and 1. by both university professors and everyday citizens. Robert Frosts poetry is 2. read， and he is also one of the most 3. writers in the United States for the complexity of his poems.

Though born in California， Frost 4. up in New England. After 5. out of Dartmouth College to seek his literary dream， he remained unknown for years. Finally， Frost left the United States in 1912 to see whether his work might be 6. received in London.  Fellow American poet Amy Lowell adored（崇拜） Frosts work and brought it back to the United States， publicizing it insistently. Soon afterwards Frosts collections became 7.， and Frost became a famous figure.

From then on， Frost was on his way to the lifelong respect and 8. for his achievements in poetry. In 1961， he was invited to read a poem for the presidential inauguration（總统就职典礼） of John F. Kennedy. This was perhaps his last poetry reading in front of a wide national audience before his death in 1963. More 9.， Frost became the first poet 10. a poem at a presidential inauguration.

素养维度发展评价（见第53～54页）