李玥 王鹏 陶进京
[摘要]目的:评价间接法制作的诊断饰面在前牙美学修复中的临床效果。方法:选择2017年5月-2018年8月在南京大学医学院附属口腔医院口腔修复科就诊的20例前牙美学缺陷的患者为研究对象,对46颗前牙采用间接法制作丙烯酸树脂诊断饰面,分别在治疗后的1周和1个月进行回访,从修复体解剖外形、表面状态、颜色匹配、牙龈状况四方面及患者满意度进行评价。结果:诊断饰面完成后1周,所有牙面的树脂均未见着色,46颗前牙中有1颗树脂脱落,1颗牙龈有轻度炎症。1个月后,有9颗牙树脂不完整,3颗牙牙龈有轻度炎症,1颗牙树脂有轻微着色。修复后患者满意度高。结论:间接法制作诊断饰面具有良好的临床效果,可用于前牙美学修复,帮助进行最终修复效果的预测。
[关键词]前牙;美学修复;诊断饰面;树脂;贴面;满意度
[中图分类号]R783.4 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]1008-6455(2020)03-0115-04
Abstract: Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of diagnostic indirect mock-up approach in anterior esthetic restoration. Methods 20 patients with anterior tooth defects who visited the Department of Prosthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University between May 2017 and August 2018 were selected as subjects. 46 anterior teeth were restored by acrylic resin using indirect diagnostic mock-up approach. Follow-up visits were performed at 1 week and 1 month after the treatment, and the evaluation was based on the anatomical shape, surface condition, color matching, condition of the gingiva, and the satisfaction of the patients. Results 1 week after the finishing of mock-up, no discoloration was observed. One of the 46 anterior teeth had resin peeled off, and one tooth had mild gingivitis. After 1 month, resin of 9 teeth was incomplete, three had mild gingivitis, and one tooth was slightly stained. The results showed high patient satisfaction. Conclusion The indirect mock-up approach has good clinical effects and can be used for the esthetic restoration of anterior teeth to predict the long-term effects.
Key words: anterior teeth; esthetic restoration; mock-up; resin;laminate veneer; degree of satisfaction
隨着我国经济的飞速发展,人们对生活品质的追求不断提升。如今,除了要求恢复受损口腔功能的传统患者之外,有前牙美学修复需求的患者也越来越多。口腔材料日新月异的发展、数字化微笑设计(Digital smile design,DSD)的日渐成熟以及微创修复技术的深入人心,给前牙美学修复创造了广阔的空间[1-2]。然而在进行前牙美学修复的过程中,医生常遇到患者既不想过多磨除牙齿又担心最终修复体效果的纠结心理,由此容易产生难以消解的医患沟通矛盾。
诊断饰面(Diagnostic mock-up)是一种快速、便捷、有效的临时树脂修复体,可以用无创的方式,来为患者提供可预测的美学效果[3]。随着树脂粘接技术的进步及材料性能的改进,诊断饰面可以在患者口内停留一定时间,让患者及家属参与到美学修复进程中,形成医患双方满意的结果。诊断饰面的制作方法分为直接法和间接法[4]。本研究选择拟行前牙全瓷贴面修复的46颗患牙为研究对象,通过间接法制作诊断饰面,为医患双方提供预估修复效果,并在1周及1个月的观察期内取得了较好的临床效果及患者满意度。
1 材料和方法
1.1 一般资料:选取2017年5月-2018年8月南京大学医学院附属口腔医院修复科就诊的拟行全瓷贴面修复改善美观的20例患者,共46颗前牙,其中男5例,女15例,年龄25~38岁。纳入标准:①符合贴面适应证[5];②牙周组织健康,没有进行性的牙周病,口腔卫生保健意识强;③有良好的依从性,能够接受定期随访;④无颞下颌关节紊乱病,全身情况健康,否认食物药物过敏史;⑤无偏侧咀嚼、咬硬物等不良口腔习惯,无磨牙症等副功能运动。本研究通过南京大学医学院附属口腔医院伦理委员会批准,患者均知情同意。46颗前牙中,前牙间隙14颗,畸形牙10颗,牙齿排列异常和发育异常的各有5颗和6颗,单纯牙体缺损5颗,牙齿磨损6颗。