词汇短语园地(5)

1. equal  adj.  平等的

All men are born equal.  人生来平等。

equal  vt.  等;和……相等;抵得上

Three plus five equals eight.

3加5等于8。

None of us can equal her in strength.

在力气方面我们当中无人能比得上她。

n.  相等的事物（或数量）;（地位等）相同的人

She has no equal in English.

谁的英语也比不上她。

be equal to...  与……相等;相当于;能任胜;能应付

on an equal footing  平等地;处于平等地位

2. order  n. 秩序;顺序;状况;命令;指示;订

                         购;订货

                        v.    命令;订购

The young teacher cant keep order in her classroom.

那位年轻教师无法维持课堂秩序。

The names are in alphabetical order.

名字按字母顺序排列。

Things were in terrible order.

情况一团糟。

He gave orders that the job be done in three days.

他指示三天内完成这项工作。

The company received a large order for computers.

这家公司接到一份要求大量供应电脑的订单。

order  vt.  命令;吩咐

（1）跟带不定式的复合结构

The emperor ordered them to work at once.

皇帝命令他们马上干活。

（2）跟带介词短语或副词的复合结构

He ordered me back.  他命令我回去。

He ordered us to the front.  他命令我们奔赴前线。

（3）跟从句，从句中用 （should+） 动词原形

He ordered that she （should） do it at once.

他命令她立刻去做。

（4）跟名词

The President has ordered a full investigation.

总统已经下令进行全面调查。

in order of...  照（依）……排列

in order of size/importance  按大小/重要性排列

out of order  不合规定;坏了

in good working order  处于良好（可以工作的）状态

in order  处于正常情况;情况良好;井井有条

under orders  按命令（行事）;接到命令

take orders from  听从……的命令

注意：以上短语中不使用冠词。

3. condition  n.  状况;环境;条件

（1） 状况;状态（多作不可数名词）

Whats the patients condition？

病人的情况如何？

He cant travel in that condition.

在那种状况下，他不能旅行。

（2） 情况;环境（多作复数）

The miners there worked in dreadful conditions.

那里的矿工们在极其恶劣的环境中工作。

Conditions were favorable for business then.

当时的形势有利于经商。

（3） 条件（可数）

Ill do it on condition that you pay for everything.

我可以做此事，条件是你得支付一切费用。

Hard work is a condition of success.

勤奋是成功的前提。

be in condition  身體很好

be out of condition  身体不适

be in good condition  完好无损

be in no condition to  （身体状况）不适做……

on condition that  在……条件下

on no condition  决不（放在句首会引起部分倒装）

比较：state，condition，situation的区别

（1）state表“状态;状况”时，强调人或事物在某种特定时期内具有的特征和所处的环境，如：normal state，the mental state，the present state。

The building is in a bad state of repair.

这栋建筑急需修理。

（2）condition含义与state基本相同，用于这一含义时为不可数名词。conditions指“形势;事态;环境”。

The goods arrived in good condition.

货物抵达完好无损。

（3）situation指“形势;情况;局面”，往往指一组情况或一些情况的综合。

The people of the world want to end the situation of war between the two countries.

全世界人民希望结束这两国之间的战争局面。

4. principle  n.  原则;道义;为人之道

You may find the examples dated in this book， but the principles still hold true.

尽管书中的例子陈旧了，但原则仍然适用。

It is a matter of principle with her to answer her childrens questions honestly.

如实回答孩子们的问题对她来说关系到做人的原则。

in principle  原则上;大致上

on principle  按照原则

5. stress  vt.  强调;着重;加压力于;使紧张n.  压力;重音

The English teacher stressed the importance of reading aloud.

英语老师强调了朗读的重要性。

Stress the second syllable.

重读第二个音节。

The weight of snow stressed the roof to the point of collapsing.

雪的重量压得屋顶快要塌了。

6. bring up  养育;抚养;培养;提出;呕吐

Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.

她出生后不久父母双亡，是由姑母抚养大的。

I was brought up to always respect the old.

我从小就被教导要尊重长辈。

The lunar exploration has brought up a new subject.

对月球的探测带来一个新课题。

He was so ill that he brought up everything.

他病得很厉害，什么都吐出来了。

7. for the first time  第一次

Ten years ago， I went to the tropics for the first time.

十年前，我第一次到热带去。

I shall never forget seeing you for the first time in 1994.

我永远忘不了1994年第一次见到你的情景。

比较：for the first time，the first time的区别

（1）for the first time首次;第一次。表示有生以来或一段时间内第一次做某事，在句中一般单独作状语。

The two girl students talked for the first time at the beginning of the term.

这两位女生在开学初首次交谈。

（2）the first time首次;第一次。常引导时间状语从句，其重点不是讲第一次做什么，而是说明另一动作或情况;也可以作表语，强调到说话为止某一情况或动作的次数。

I knew we would be good friends the first time I met her.

第一次见到她，我就知道我们会成为好朋友。

This is the first time I have been to the Great Wall.

这是我第一次来到长城。

8. hear of  聽说

（1）hear of 作“听说”讲，指听到别人说某人或某事（即间接听说），后面通常接名词或代词，与hear about同义。

I have never heard of such a man.

我从未听说过这样一个人。

（2）（will） not hear of  不同意;不允许

He wouldnt hear of me paying for the bill.

他不肯让我付账。

sb hear （that）...  某人听说……

make oneself heard  （高声说话）使别人听见

hear from  收到……的信息;收到……的来信

hear sb out  听完（某人的话）

hear sb do sth  听见某人做某事（针对已完成的事，被动

时则用sb be heard to do）

hear sb doing sth 听见某人做某事（针对正在进行的事，

被动时则用sb be heard doing）

9. they say （that）  人们说;据说

They say that Ken is very good at operating computers.

= It is said that Ken is very good at operating computers.

= Ken is said to be very good at operating computers.

据说肯很会操作电脑。

10. a bit  有点;稍微

Im a bit tired tonight.

今晚我有点疲倦。

The painting on the wall is a bit crooked.

墙上的油画有些歪。

11. if so  要是那样的话;在那种情况下

If so， then my friend Peter is a bit mad.

要是那样的话，那么我的朋友彼得就有点疯了。

If so， why didnt you tell me？

如果是这样，你为什么不告诉我？

if any  假如有

if possible  如果可能的话

if only  要是……就好了;但愿

if anything  如果有什么（区别）的话

跟踪导练（一）

阅读理解

A

Every November， Time magazine picks out what it calls “The 25 Best Inventions” of the year. These are the things that have made our lives different in one way or another. Here， we have chosen three of the most interesting ones on the list.

Ember Mug

Its hard to always keep coffee at the right temperature， especially in winter. Its too hot to drink at first， but before we know it， it gets too cold and loses all its taste. According to Time， the perfect level of warmth for a cup of coffee only lasts for 37 seconds， which makes the Ember Mug a great invention. It keeps your coffee at a certain temperature， anywhere between 48℃ and 62℃， once you set it through a smartphone app.

Tasty One Top

TV cooking shows make it look so easy， but its almost impossible to get the recipes （食譜） to cook the same as how the cooks make them. However， the Tasty One Top DIY cooking companion is here to help. Developed by Buzzfeed， the cooker can be connected to a smartphone app， which has more than 1，700 recipes and videos. You choose a recipe and the app will let the cooker know what to do. Fox example， itll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients.

Jibo

Different from faceless smart speakers like Xiaomi and Amazon， Jibo has brought smart technology to life. Said to be “the worlds first social robot for the home”， Jibo looks like a cartoon character with a round body， a round head and a voice that sounds like a 10-year-old boy. Jibo is able to recognize faces and speech. Jibo will move to face you whenever you talk to it. It can also remind you of important things， tell you the weather and read news or messages from your friends and family.

1. Why is the Ember Mug a great success？

A. It makes the coffee hotter in winter.

B. It is one of the most interesting inventions.

C. It functions well through a smartphone app.

D. It keeps coffee at the right temperature longer.

2. Tasty One Top is the choice for ___ .

A. the official workers who are coffee lovers

B. the mothers who have a 10-year-old boy

C. the readers who are fond of new technologies

D. the housewives who want to improve their cooking

3. What can Jibo probably be？

A. A cartoon character. B. A faceless robot.

C. A family assistant. D. A smart alarm.

4. In which part of a newspaper can we find the text？

A. Entertainment. B. Education.

C. Sports. D. Science Technology.

B

One of the most popular literary figures in American literature is a woman who spent almost half of her long life in China， a country on a continent thousands of miles from the United States. In her lifetime she got this countrys most honored literary award， the Pulitzer Prize， and also the most prestigious （有声望的） form of literary recognition in the world， the Nobel Prize for literature.

Pearl Buck was almost a household word throughout much of her lifetime because of her literary output， which consisted of some eighty-five published works， including several dozen novels， six collections of short stories， fourteen books for children， and more than a dozen works of non-fiction.

When she was eighty years old， some twenty-five books were awaiting publication. Many of those books were set in China， the land in which she spent so much of her life. Her books and her life served as a bridge between the cultures of the East and the West.

Her background as the product of those two cultures made her into an unusually interesting and versatile （多才多藝的） human being. As we examine the life of Pearl Buck， we cannot help but realize that we are in fact meeting three different people： a wife and mother， an internationally famous writer， and a humanitarian （人道主义者）. One cannot really get to know Pearl Buck without learning about each of the three. Though honored in her lifetime with the William Dean Howell Medal of the American Academy of Arts and Letters in addition to the Nobel and Pulitzer Prize， Pearl Buck as a total human being， not only a famous author， is a fascinating subject of study.

5. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 suggest about Pearl Buck？

A. She was well known.

B. She was a poor woman.

C. She used to be a housewife.

D. She was good at housework.

6. Pearl Buck is known as a writer of ___ .

a. novels b. childrens books

c. short storiesd. poems e. non-fiction

A. a; b; c; d B. a; b; d; e

C. b; c; d; e D. a; b; c; e

7. Why is Pearl Buck regarded as an unusual woman in American literature？

A. She published half of her books abroad.

B. She achieved her first success very late in life.

C. She wrote extensively about a very different culture.

D. She won more awards than any other woman of her time.

8. What is the authors main purpose of writing the passage？

A. To introduce Pearl Buck to readers.

B. To show Pearl Bucks views on Chinese literature.

C. To offer information about the works of Pearl Buck.

D. To discuss Pearl Bucks influence on the cultures of the East and the West.

跟踪导练（二）

完形填空

In our daily life， we have too many things to deal with. It seems as if life is always tiring. However， whenever I feel1 ， Im grateful to everything life2me and try to make the best of every day. I learnt this attitude towards life from the story of my friend Joanne.

In middle school， Joanne was always3with a big smile on her face， as if she was always4with what life offered her. But soon， things5changed. She passed away because of a serious6 . Her smiles only exist in my memory. The last time I saw her in the hospital， she was terribly ill. However， she still7a warm smile and was happy about my8 . I prayed （祈禱） for her recovery.9 ， she lost the battle against10at last.

This made me think of another story. Maria and Jessie， who were good friends， had a big argument one day and they11to talk to each other in the following months. Maria， who was deeply sorry for her12words， intended to call Jessie to13first but didnt have enough14to do it. Feeling quite15 ， she asked her classmates for16and even consulted some of her teachers. For many times， she17her phone but gave up at last.18one afternoon， she got the news that Jessie had lost her life in a traffic accident.

The lesson I learned is that nobody can19what will happen in the future. Anytime you feel upset or depressed， why dont you change your20and value every day！

1. A. bored B. exhausted C. lonely D. angry

2. A. offers B. awards C. impresses D. suggests

3. A. hopeful B. cheerful C. smart D. funny

4. A. excited B. surprised C. satisfied D. careful

5. A. completely B. exactly C. frequently D. similarly

6. A. accident B. disaster C. hunger D. disease

7. A. burst B. wore C. forced D. formed

8. A. gift B. words C. behaviors D. visit

9. A. Luckily B. Happily C. Unfortunately D. Angrily

10. A. death B. enemy C. family D. life

11. A. agreed B. refused C. hoped D. continued

12. A. encouraging B. convincing C. rude D. cruel

13. A. greet B. speak C. act D. apologize

14. A. energy B. strength C. courage D. time

15. A. upset B. harmed C. regretted D. respected

16. A. trouble B. excuse C. agreement D. advice

17. A. hung up B. picked up C. put down D. took down

18. A. Unless B. After C. Before D. Until

19. A. tell B. observe C. doubt D. find

20. A. thought B. feeling C. attitude D. mind

语法填空

Wu Zetian， the only woman emperor to rule ancient China， is considered1one of the most powerful women in Chinese history.

She was born into a（n）2（wealth） family with great beauty and intelligence. This beautiful girl， unlike others in ancient China，3（be） in favor of reading and often traveled around the country with her father when she was young，4increased her knowledge and developed her talents. When she was about fourteen， she5（send） to the palace and got married to the Emperor. After many difficulties and hardships， she6（success） made herself queen. A few years after Emperor Gaozong died， Wu Zetian became Empress.7seemed like a hard task for women to be rulers in ancient times， but Wu Zetian succeeded. When she ruled the country， she supported economic and cultural8（develop） and improved peoples living quality. She also encouraged girls to go to school9（study）. Before then， girls were not allowed to go to school.

Wu Zetian died at the age of 82，10（leave） a gravestone （墓碑） without any words on it.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

跟蹤导练（三）

阅读理解

A

J. K. Rowling frequently shows there is magic every day. Her Harry Potter series has helped people through times of stress and depression （抑郁） and she is always there to deliver wise words of encouragement.

She is one celebrity who is very active on Twitter. So when a single dad named Matt Burke sent her a message thanking her for the series， she noticed. Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9-year-old daughter Bailey.

He included a link to his article titled Being a Broke Parent. He explained how he hadnt found a level of financial stability that allowed him to pay bills on time and take his daughter on more activities and events. The family also doesnt have the Internet or TV， which means theres no “digital babysitter”， and he has to rely on his own creative ways to bond with his daughter. Since he received the series， the main thing that has occupied them these days is reading books together.

Burke admits that he thought he was “too cool” for the books when they first came out and he was in his twenties， but hes loving reading them now. “We switch off chapter by chapter reading them out loud，” Burke explains. “This not only allows her to get more used to reading aloud in front of someone， but it gets me directly involved in something she loves， and it gives me the chance to be very dramatic when I read my chapters and bring myself into the characters in the book， which has proven to be a ton of fun.”

After hearing Burkes story， Rowling said how honored she was when Harry Potter was a part of his familys life and offered Burke more signed books. Besides， people are also offering to send Burke more books as gifts. For Burke， this experience， far more than gifts， will be what he treasures.

1. Why did Burke thank J. K. Rowling according to the text？

A. She guided him how to write a good story.

B. She encouraged him when he was in trouble.

C. Her books helped him in time of difficulty.

D. Her books helped him improve his bond with his daughter.

2. What is implied in Burkes words in Paragraph 4？

A. He has found it interesting to read the series.

B. He was too old to understand the series better.

C. He has chosen a better way of reading the series.

D. He hopes to play a role in the drama in the future.

3. Which word can best describe Burkes experience according to the text？

A. Special. B. Normal. C. Valuable. D. Funny.

4. What does the text mainly tell us about J. K. Rowling？

A. She chooses to help improve kids health.

B. She gives a magical gift to a single father.

C. She has a deep influence on others growth.

D. She is well-known through her series.

B

Have you ever wondered why birds sing？ Maybe you thought that they were just happy.  After all， you probably sing or whistle when you are happy.

Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy. However， they sing most of the time for a very different reason. Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory.

Do you know what a “territory” is？ A territory is an area that one person， group， animal， etc. considers as their own and defends against others who try to enter it. Only he and his family are welcome there. No other families of the same kind are welcome. Your garden and house are your territory where only your family and friends are welcome. If a stranger should enter your territory and threaten you， you might shout. Probably this would be enough to frighten him away.

If so， you have actually scared the stranger away without having to fight him. A bird does the same thing. But he expects an outsider almost any time， especially at nesting （筑巢） season. So he is screaming all the time， whether he can see an outsider or not. This screaming is what we call a birds song， and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away.

Birds sing loudest in the spring when they are trying to attract a mate and warn others not to enter the territory of theirs.

You can see that birds have a language of their own. Most of it has to do with attracting mates and setting up territories.

5. Some scientists believe that most of the time birds singing is actually ___ .

A. a way of warning B. an expression of happiness

C. an expression of anger D. a way of greeting

6. What is a birds “territory”？

A. A place where families of other kinds are not accepted.

B. A place where a bird may shout at the top of its voice.

C. An area for which birds fight against each other.

D. An area which a bird considers to be its own.

7. Why do birds keep on singing at nesting season？

A. To invite more friends.

B. To find outsiders around.

C. To reduce their fears.

D. To frighten outsiders away.

8. How does the author mainly develop the writing？

A. By comparing birds with human beings.

B. By reporting experiment results.

C. By describing birds daily life.

D. By telling a birds story.

A doctors son committed suicide （自杀） and16a letter which expressed his strong17for staying more with his father. Not until then did the doctor18that the most valuable thing is not career achievement， but the close family19 .

It is no use crying over spilt milk. The reason why we would have missed those valuable20is less than simple： we had thought that we could still own them tomorrow.

1. A. loudly B. perfectly C. strangely D. sadly

2. A. playing B. testing C. appreciating D. recording

3. A. fascinated B. beaten C. bored D. touched

4. A. special B. early C. golden D. normal

5. A. song B. violin C. ticket D. message

6. A. hard B. simple C. necessary D. worthwhile

7. A. However B. Meanwhile C. Therefore D. Otherwise

8. A. joyful B. regretful C. hopeful D. helpful

9. A. cheap B. rare C. low D. terrible

10. A. lost B. ruined C. changed D. cried

11. A. seat B. rest C. ride D. walk

12. A. passed away B. turned down

C. knocked down D. broke away

13. A. shouted B. sighed C. whispered D. sang

14. A. wasted B. valued C. missed D. spared

15. A. impossible B. inexpensive C. unimaginable D. unfair

16. A. wrote B. left C. copied D. typed

17. A. effort B. order C. action D. wish

18. A. prove B. know C. realize D. agree

19. A. tree B. relationship C. spirits D. time

20. A. things B. people C. concerts D. faces

跟蹤导练（五）

阅读理解

Kong Zi， also called Confucius （551 BC—479 BC， and Socrates （469 BC—399 BC） lived only a hundred years apart， and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece， but it is interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas， and how these ideas in turn， shaped their societies.

Neither philosopher lived in times of peace， though there were more wars in Greece than in China. The Chinese states were very large and feudal （封建的）， while the Greek city-states were small and urban. The urban environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical （激进的） than Confucius. Unlike Confucius， Socrates was not asked by rules how to govern effectively. Thus， Socrates was able to be more idealistic， focusing on topics like freedom， and knowledge for its own sake. Confucius， on the other hand， advised those in government service， and many of his students go out to government service.

Confucius suggested the Golden Rule as a principle for the conduct of life： “Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you.” He believed that all men were equal at birth， though some had more potential than others， and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on the individual， and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to find wisdom. Like Confucius， he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior （下层的） classes.

For Socrates， the family was of no importance， and the community of little importance. For Confucius， however， the family was the center of the society， with family relations considered much more important than political relations.

Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes.

1. What can we learn from Paragraph 1？

A. Socrates and Confucius had much in common.

B. Confucius had much influence on Socrates ideas.

C. The societies were influenced by the philosophers ideas.

D. There were cultural exchanges between China and Greece.

2. Socrates shared with Confucius the idea that ___ .

A. all men were equal when they were born

B. the lower classes should be ruled by the upper class

C. the purpose of man was to find freedom and wisdom

D. people should not ask others to do what they did not want to

3. What makes the difference between people according to Confucius？

A. Family. B. Potential.

C. Knowledge. D. Community.

4. How does the author organize this text？

A. By reasoning.

B. By comparing.

C. By giving cause and effect.

D. By giving time and events.

閱读七选五

The American book Who Moved My Cheese has been a best-seller all over the world. 1

The book tells us that when facing changes in our lives， like a new school or new friends， dont be afraid. Instead， use these changes to make a better life.

2 A school is changing from having two terms to three terms because there are too many students. Several teenagers are talking about this. Most of them are unhappy and worried. But Chris is not. He laughs and tells a story about two mice， two little people and some cheese. 3 Here， cheese means something important in life， like moving to a new class or getting into college. 4 The mice realize that they cant change what has happened and have to find more cheese. This means finding different dreams. The little people， however， cant do this. They are afraid of change so they find no cheese.

After Chris finishes the story， the friends understand one thing： 5 His friends understand how this can be used in the changes all teenagers face， such as doing well at school or having good relationships or just feeling good about yourself.

A. But they find the cheese is gone.

B. The four try their best to find the cheese.

C. The book gives an example of a change at school.

D. It teaches people how to face changes in their lives.

E. However， some strange things happened in a school.

F. To get more cheese， move in a new direction quickly.

G. It tells a story which happened between mice and people.1.                  2.                  3.                  4.                  5.

跟踪导练（六）

选词填空

用方框里单词的正确形式填空，使其句意完整。有两个词是多余的。

stress honest argue soft influence principle

free advise invent resign think contribution

1. Confucius was not only a great educator but also a well-known ____ .

2. I know he is a very ____ writer， whose books are popular， especially among young people.

3. I believe him. I am sure of his ____ .

4. He shocked the whole company by ____ from his position.

5. The Project Hope has made important ____ to both the education and the health of children.

6. She ____ the importance of coming early.

7. It was an absolutely new method ____ by himself.

8. She closed the door ____ behind her.

9. Today we have the ____ to decide our own futures.

10. We got into a（n） ____ about whether to go by sea or by air.

句子翻譯

1. 尽管她是在城市里出生和长大的，但她更喜欢农村的生活。（bring up）

2. 总之，我要感谢你为我所做的一切。（in conclusion）

3. 他六岁时第一次乘坐飞机，从那以后便对飞行产生了兴趣。（become interested in）

4. 我为成为一个发明家而感到骄傲。（be proud of）

5. 记得十八岁那年，我第一次看到海洋。（for the first time）

短文改错

Music is the international language. The songs sung or playing by instruments are beautiful to people everywhere.Popular music in America is that every student likes. Students carry their small radio with earphones， but listen to music before class， after class and at lunch. There are other kinds music that are important to Americans. One is called folk music， it tells stories about the common life of Americans. Another is called western or country music， started by cowboys whom would sing to the cows they were watching out. Today， any music about the love between a country boy and his girlfriend are called western or country music.

书面表达

假设你将参加班上组织的主题为“感恩”的英语演讲比赛，请根据以下要点写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：

1.感恩对象;

2.为何感恩;

3.如何感恩。

注意：

1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Good afternoon， everyone！ Its a great honor to have the chance to be with you today.

Thank you for listening.