Q老师,famous的同义词是well-known,它们的用法相同吗?几个与famous相关的短语我也不太明白,您能讲讲吗?
AFamous和well-known意思相似,但前者语气较强,意为“广为人知的”。如:1)A famous singer will come to this small village.一位知名歌手将会来这个小山村。
2)Truth can be known, but it may not be the well-known truth. 道可道,非常道。
另外,要注意这两个形容词的比较级和最高级的变化形式,如下:
famous→more famous→the most famous;well-known→better-known→the best-known
Famous构成的短语及用法:sb. be famous for… 指某人以某种知识、技能或特征出名;sb. be famous as… 指某人以某种身份出名。对比下面两个例句:
3)Edison was famous for his great inventions. 爱迪生因他的伟大发明而闻名。
4)Edison was famous as a great scientist. 爱迪生以一名伟大的科学家著称。
Someplace be famous for…指某地以某种特产而出名;someplace be famous as… 指某地因为是某种特别的地方而出名。对比下面两个例句:
5)That city is famous for its dark tea. 那个城市以黑茶而出名。
6)Shaoshan is famous as the birthplace of Mao Zedong. 韶山以毛泽东的出生地而闻名。
Q老师,run out和run out of有什么区别?
A短语run out和run out of 都表示“用完了”,其区别在于:run out的主语常为时间、食物、金钱等名词。如:
1)Our food will run out soon. 我们的食物很快就要被消耗完了。
2)His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花完了。
而run out of的主语一般是人,基本用法为sb. run out of sth. 如:
3)He had run out of money when I met him at the bus stop. 我在公交车站见到他时,他的钱已经花光了。
4)We had run out of ideas. 我们已经想不出点子了。
Q老师,use的好几个短语,比如used to do, be used to doing, be used to do等,看上去很相似,该如何区别?
AUsed一词既可以是use的过去式和过去分词,也可以用在used to do sth.这样的短语中表示“过去常常……”(但现在已经不存在的习惯与状态);used还可以作形容词,用在短语be used to sth./doing sth. 或get used to sth. / doing sth. 中表示“习惯于……的”;另外,used也可以直接修饰名词,表示“用过的”,如:used cars二手汽车。
当used作use的过去式和过去分词时,请看下面两组例句:
1)I used the money to buy a new car. 我用那笔钱买了新车。→The money was used to buy a new car by me.(改为被动语态)
2)He used his pen as a knife. 他把笔当小刀来用。→His pen was used as a knife by him. (改为被动语态)
Used to do sth表示“过去常常……”。如:
3)I used to go to the cinema a lot, but I never get the time now. 我以前常去看电影,但现在完全没时间。
Be used to sth./doing sth.意为“习惯于……的”,表示已经习惯了的状态;get used to sth./doing sth. 表示由不習惯到习惯的变化。如:
4)I am used to the noise. 我已经习惯那些噪音了。
5)I have to get used to getting up early, or I will miss the only train to my company. 我必须习惯早起,否则就赶不上唯一一趟到公司的火车。
总结一下:
be used to do sth. 被用来做……
be used as sth. 被当成……使用
be used for doing sth. 被用于做……
used to do sth. 过去常常……(但现在已经不存在的习惯与状态)
be used to doing sth. / sth. 习惯于(做)……的(表已经习惯了的状态)
get used to doing sth./ sth. 习惯于(做)……的(表由不习惯到习惯的变化)