重（难）点词语用法回放

董明义

◇詞语用法

it，one

it与one都可用作代词，代替前面提到过的事物。it指的是与前面提到的事物为同一物，此时it相当于“the / this / that / my... +名词”；one指的是与前面提到过的事物属于同一类事物，此时的one相当于“a / an +名词”。例如：

I don t have a dictionary. I want to buy one.我没有词典，我想买一本。

I like the bike， but I don t have enough money to buy it.我喜欢这辆自行车，但是我没有足够的钱买它。

enough

enough可用作形容词，意为“足够的；充分的”，可作表语，也可作定语。作定语时，通常放在名词前面，也可以放在名词后面。例如：

Ten men is enough.十个人就足够了。

I have enough time （time enough） to fin

ish the work.我有足够的时间来完成这项工作。

enough也可用作副词，意为“足够地；充分地”，用来修饰形容词或副词，通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如：

Is it warm enough in the room？房间里够暖和了吗？

He knows the situation well enough.他对情况了解得非常清楚。

enough还可用作代词，意为“足够；充分”，在句中作主语或宾语。例如：

—Would you like another cup of tea？你想再来一杯茶吗？

—I have had enough. Thank you very much.我喝够了，非常感谢。

give

give意为“提供；交给”，作及物动词，后面可接名词或代词作宾语。也可接双宾语，接双宾语时的语序通常为“give +某人+某物”，但当直接宾语为代词时，要用“give +代词（指物）+to+某人”结构。例如：

She gave a correct answer.她给了一个正确的答案。

I gave him a watch on his birthday.在他生日那天我送了他一块表。

This book is Jim s. Please give it to him. 这本书是吉姆的，请把它给他吧。

patient

patient用作形容词时，意为“有耐心的”， 在句中可作表语或定语，表示“对某人有耐心”时，常与介词with连用。例如：

Please be patient.请忍耐些。

I think I am quite a patient person.我认为我是一个相当有耐心的人。

He is just a small child， so you must be patient with him.他只不过是个小孩子，你应该对他耐心点。

patient还可用作名词，意为“病人”，是可数名词。例如：

The patient is much better today.那个病人今天好多了。

worth

worth用作形容词时，意为“值……钱；有……价值”。例如：

The picture is worth at least twenty pounds.这张画至少值20英镑。

be worth doing意为“……值得做”，注意这个句型是主动结构表被动意义，若表示

“……很值得做”，通常用well来修饰，即be well worth doing。例如：

The documentary A Bite of China Ⅱis not perfect， but it is worth watching.纪录片《舌尖上的中国2》并不完美，但是值得一看。

This book is well worth reading.这本书很值得读。

besides， except

except意为“除……之外”，通常指“从整体中除去”，所排除的人或物不在所列的范围之内。而besides意为“除……之外（还）”，通常指所排除的人或物与所列的为同一类人或物。例如：

They all went to sleep except me.除我之外，他们都去睡觉了。

She can speak French and Japanese besides English.除英语外，她还会讲法语和日语。

◇中考考例

1.—The fridges are on sale in the supermarket today.

—Really？ Let s go and buy for our new kitchen.

【2018·安徽中考题】

A.one B.it

C.that D.them

【答案与解析】A 答句后句句意为“咱们去给我们的新厨房买一个冰箱吧”，这个“冰箱”是指“促销中的任意一个冰箱”。故选A项。

2.Cathy checked her paper so that she could get good grades this time.

【2018·乌鲁木齐中考题】

A.careful enough

B.enough careful

C.enough carefully

D.carefully enough

【答案与解析】D 首先要明确修饰动词要用副词，所以本句中要用副词carefully；enough修饰副词时要放在所修饰的副词之后。故选D项。

3.I will give a T shirt my brother as a birthday present.

【2018·福建中考题】

A.by B.to C.from

【答案与解析】B give sb. sth.或give sth. to sb.表示“给某人某物”。根据句意和结构可知，应选B项。

4.—The piano lessons are too hard for me. I nearly give up.

—You should be more . I be

lieve you ll make it.

【2018·深圳中考题】

A.careful

B.helpful

C.patient

【答案与解析】C careful意为“细心的”；helpful意为“有帮助的”；patient意为“有耐心的”。根据句意判断，应选C项。

5.Amazing China（《厉害了，我的国》）wins high praise from the public. I think the documentary is well worth .

【2018·泰州中考題】

A.watch B.to watch

C.watching D.watched

【答案与解析】C 表示“……值得做”时，要用“be worth doing sth.”结构。故选C项。

6.—Alice， would you like to go hiking with us？

—What a pity！ I am free every day

today.

【2016·兰州中考题】

A.for B.except

C.besides D.among

【答案与解析】B 根据答句后句句意“除了今天我每天都有空”判断，所排除的事物不在所述范围内。故选B项。

◇巩固练习

根据句意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。

1.Hong Kong Disneyland is well worth

. I think you should go there.

A.to visit B.visiting

C.visit D.visited

2.—Look！ It s raining heavily. Why not take a raincoat with you？

—Well， I ll take right now.

A.it B.that

C.one D.this

3.The dining hall is to hold 300 people.

A.enough big B.enough small

C.small enough D.big enough

4.David is ill， so you must be him.

A.angry with B.patient with

C.worried about D.similar to

5.I borrowed Li Lei s dictionary. Please

this afternoon.

A.give him it B.give him to it

C.give it to him D.give him it

6. playing basketball， we have a lot of other interesting things to do in our lives.

A.By B.On

C.Besides D.Except

（答案见第64页）