NOTRE DAME + 1—巴黎圣母院修缮临时观景台设计方案，巴黎，法国

朱文一

2019年4月15日，巴黎圣母院大火震惊世界，也引发了全球建筑师的强烈关注。建筑师们为巴黎圣母院这一旷世杰作的灾后重建献计献策。所有方案都聚焦在如何修复或重建巴黎圣母院被烧掉的屋顶上。针对巴黎圣母院灾后重建，朱文一工作室于5月18日完成的题为“Notre Dame + 1”的设计方案，展示了另一种方式的保护设计。方案发布在朱文一工作室网站上（www.zhuwenyi.com）。

首先是对待世界文化遗产的态度。巴黎圣母院不仅是巴黎的地标、法国的象征，也是人类文明的代表之作。历经800年的风风雨雨，其壮丽、精美、沧桑的建筑艺术形象已经深入人们的骨髓。方案“Notre Dame + 1”展示出对世界文化遗产的极大尊重。所采用的方式是原样修复巴黎圣母院屋顶，完全恢复其在大火之前的形态（图1）。

其次是搭建临时城市观景台。巴黎圣母院屋顶及塔尖修复施工过程需要耗时多年。在此期间，是否可以让当地居民和来自世界各地的游客有机会观览巴黎圣母院屋顶及塔尖修复的过程？方案“Notre Dame + 1”提供一种可能性，即在巴黎圣母院东南面的小广场上搭建一处高220m的临时城市观景台。人们可以在移动的城市观景台上观览巴黎圣母院修复的过程，也可以借此鸟瞰巴黎城东部的美景（图2—图6）。

第三是尝试先进结构技术。巴黎圣母院是哥特式建筑的典范，也代表了建筑结构技术的创新。1889年落成的埃菲尔铁塔至今令人惊叹。可以认为，展示先进建筑结构技术是巴黎城的一项传统。方案“Notre Dame + 1”的塔楼尺寸为6m×6m×220m，探索纤细超高塔楼的极限。在塔楼的四面，分别设置垂直滑轨并安放6m×6m×6m的外置电梯轿厢。轿厢的底部和侧面为金属结构，其他4个面为整块透明玻璃。这样的设计从一个侧面继承和弘扬了巴黎的建筑传统。

第四是注重万能视角优先。在数字时代卫星地图上体验建筑，以万能视角优先为特征（图7）。方案“Notre Dame + 1”针对原样修复的巴黎圣母院屋顶，专门进行了照明设计。当夜幕降临时，被照亮的“+”字屋顶在万能视角下显得格外耀眼，与220m高的塔楼共同构成了方案的题目“Notre Dame + 1”的整体形象。在移动互联网智能手机时代，小屏幕上的“Notre Dame + 1”极具辨识度（图8）。

巴黎圣母院屋顶及塔尖修复完成之时，也将是作为临时城市观景台的“Notre Dame + 1”结束其使命之日。

图1 / Figure 1 原样修复巴黎圣母院屋顶及塔尖之时When the roof and spire of Notre Dame are completely restored

图2 / Figure 2 在原样修复巴黎圣母院屋顶及塔尖期间In the process of completely restoring the roof and spire of Notre Dame

图3 / Figure 3 在原样修复巴黎圣母院屋顶及塔尖期间In the process of completely restorin spire of Notre Dame

图4 / Figure 4 在原样修复巴黎圣母院屋顶及塔尖期间In the process of completely restoring the roof and spire of Notre Dame

图5 / Figure 5 在原样修复巴黎圣母院屋顶及塔尖期间In the process of completely restoring the roof and spire of Notre Dame

图6 / Figure 6 在原样修复巴黎圣母院屋顶及塔尖期间In the process of completely restoring the roof and spire of Notre Dame

图7 / Figure 7 卫星地图上的“Notre Dame + 1”设计方案Proposal“Notre Dame + 1”on Satellite Map

图8 / Figure 8 智能手机屏幕上的“Notre Dame + 1”设计方案Proposal“Notre Dame + 1”on smart phone screen

On April 15, 2019, thefire of the Notre Dame de Paris shocked the world and attracted the attention of global architects. The architects contributed to the post-disaster reconstruction of the gorgeous masterpiece of Notre Dame. All proposals focus on how to repair or rebuild the burnt roof of Notre Dame. In response to the reconstruction of Notre Dame de Paris, ZHUWENYI Atelier‘s design proposal entitled “Notre Dame + 1” showed another way of protection design. The proposal was published on the website of ZHUWENYI Atelier (www.zhuwenyi.com) on May 18th, 2019.

Thefirst is the attitude towards the world’s cultural heritage. Notre Dame de Paris is not only a landmark of Paris, a symbol of France, but also a representative of human civilization. After 800 years of ups and downs, its magnificent, exquisite and vicissitude architectural image has penetrated people’s marrow. The proposal “Notre Dame + 1”demonstrates great respect for the world’s cultural heritage. The design concept was to repair the roof of Notre Dame as it was, and to completely restore its appearance before thefire (Figure 1).

The second is to build a temporary city observation deck. The construction of the roof and spire of Notre Dame in Paris takes many years. During this period, is it possible for city residents and visitors from all over the world to get a chance to see the restoration process of the roof and spire of Notre Dame? The proposal offers the possibility of constructing a 220m high temporary city observation deck on a small square southeast of Notre Dame.People can view the restoration process of Notre Dame on the moving city observation deck, and take a bird’s eye view of the eastern part of the city of Paris (Figure 2 - Figure 6).

The third is to try advanced structural technology.Notre Dame de Paris is a model of Gothic architecture and represents an innovation in building structure technology. The Eiffel Tower, completed in 1889, is amazing today. It can be argued that the display of advanced building structure technology has become a tradition in the city of Paris. The size of the tower “Notre Dame + 1” is 6m×6m×220m, exploring the limits of the slim super tower. On the four sides of the tower, vertical slide rails are installed and an external elevator car of 6m×6m×6m is placed. The bottom and sides of the car are made of metal, and the other four sides are monolithic transparent glass.

The fourth is to experience architecture through God’s-Eye-Viewfirst on the satellite map of Google Earth in the digital age (Figure 7). The proposal was specially designed for the roof of the Notre Dame de Paris. When the night falls, the illuminated “+” roof is particularly dazzling through God’s-Eye-View. Together with the 220m tower, it forms the overall image of the proposal “Notre Dame +1”. In the era of mobile Internet smartphones, the“Notre Dame + 1” on the small screen is highly recognizable (Figure 8).

When the roof and the spire of the Notre Dame de Paris are completed, it will also be the date of the mission of “Notre Dame + 1” as the temporary city observation deck.