探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者实施特殊护理干预对切口感染、护理满意度的影响

王林香

【摘要】 目的：探讨在急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术中应用特殊护理干预的效果。方法：将笔者所在医院2018年1-12月收治的82例急性胆囊炎患者为研究对象，所有患者均行腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗，期间予以对照组常规护理，予以观察组特殊护理干预，观察两组干预效果。结果：观察组术中出血量、腹痛消失时间、下床时间及住院时间均优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组护理总满意度为92.68%，显著高于对照组73.17%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组术后并发症发生率为4.88%，低于对照组19.51%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：对于急性胆囊炎患者，在行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的围术期间，实施特殊护理干预，可取得显著疗效，提高患者满意度及降低术后患者并发症发生率，值得推广。

【关键词】 特殊护理干预; 急性胆囊炎; 腹腔镜胆囊切除术; 并发症; 护理满意度

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.15.040 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2019）15-00-03

【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the effect of special nursing intervention in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis.Method：Eighty-two patients with acute cholecystitis admitted to our hospital from January to December 2018 were enrolled in the study.All patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy.During the period，routine nursing was given to the control group，special nursing intervention was given to the observation group，and the effect of intervention was observed in the two groups.Result：The amount of bleeding，disappearance time of abdominal pain，bed time and hospital stay in the observation group were better than those of the control group，the difference were statistically significant（P<0.05）.The total satisfaction rate of the observation group was 92.68%，which was significantly higher than that of the control group（73.17%），the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was 4.88%，which was lower than 19.51% in the control group，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion：For patients with acute cholecystitis，special nursing intervention during the perioperative period of laparoscopic cholecystectomy can achieve significant curative effect，improve patient satisfaction rate and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.It is worthy of promotion.

【Key words】 Special nursing intervention; Acute cholecystitis; Laparoscopic cholecystectomy; Complications; Nursing satisfaction

急性膽囊炎为常见的急腹症，疾病病因主要包括胆囊管阻塞、细菌感染等，患者的临床表现主要为腹部疼痛、恶心呕吐、发热等，且腹部疼痛常表现为持续性、阵发性，这给患者带来巨大的不适[1]。针对急性胆囊炎的治疗，近年来随着医疗水平的提升及腹腔镜技术的推广，常实施腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎，然而手术毕竟是一项创伤操作，虽说腹腔镜具有微创性，但同样会对患者产生一定的影响，所以在围术期间还需要做好患者的护理干预工作，以保证手术治疗效果[2]。本次研究具体探讨了将特殊护理干预应用于急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的效果，现报告如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2018年1-12月笔者所在医院收治的82例急性胆囊炎患者为研究对象，所有患者均经病理学、影像学及体征观察确诊，患者均无手术禁忌。按照随机数字表法将其分成两组，观察组41例，其中男24例，女17例;年龄36～65岁，平均（48.5±2.6）岁;疾病发病到就诊的时间为4～41 h，平均（24.5±3.1）h。对照组41例，男26例，女15例;年龄34～66岁，平均（49.1±2.4）岁;疾病发病到就诊时间为5～40 h，平均（24.1±3.3）h。两组患者一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），有可比性。所有患者均签署知情同意书。