英文摘要

Decompositionanddifferenceanalysisofdynamicdrivingeffectofindustrialwaterusein31provincesandcitiesofChina/ZHANG Hengquan1,2, QIN Yingcong1,2, ZHANG Chenjun3(1.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.Numerical Simulation Laboratory of Engineering Management, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 3.School of Business Administration, HohaiUniversity, Changzhou 213022, China)

Abstract: Quantifying the driving factors of the change of water consumption in various provinces is conducive to promoting the implementation of the dual-control action of consumption quantity and intensity of water resources and the establishment of water-saving society in China. According to the economic growth rate and water consumption growth rate, 31 provinces in China are divided into four groups. The change of water consumption isdecomposed as the intensity and efficiency of investment and the scales of economy and population by using the logarithmic mean Divisia index. The research results show that there are relatively large differences between the changes of water consumption of different groups and provinces and their driving factors. Also, the dominant factor and the secondary factor of the water consumption growth are the economic growth and the expansion of population, while those of the water consumption control are the improvement of investment efficiency and the decline of investment intensity. Therefore, all the provinces need to establish specific and practical policies for water conservation, promote high-quality development, enhance water-saving consciousness of the public, accelerate green investment and upgrade and optimize industrial structures so as to achieve the goal of the dual-control action.

Keywords: water consumption; investment; driving effect; groupdivision; LMDI

SpatialheterogeneityofecologicalefficiencyofYangtzeRivereconomiczoneanditsdeterminants/MA Jun1,2,3, ZHOU Panchao1,2(1.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.Coastal Development and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center, Nanjing 210098, China; 3.Postdoctoral Research Station of Theoretical Economics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210009, China)

Abstract: Based on the cityscape data of 107 cities in Yangtze River economic zone from 2005 to 2016, the spatial and temporal pattern of urban ecological efficiency is evaluated by using the Super-SBM method, and its influencing factors are discussed by establishing the generalized system GMM estimation. In conclusion, firstly, the urban ecological efficiency has positive time lag effect, showing an overall upward trendand gradual decrease in the gap ofinterbasin areas in the sampling period. Secondly, partial regions present the trend of spatial agglomeration, Yangtze River Delta and Chengdu-Chongqing Region present positive clustering characteristics, and Nanchang and Guiyang regions present negative clustering characteristics. The influencing factors of ecological efficiency shows that the advanced industrial structure and rationalization of industrial structure have heterogeneous effects on the ecological efficiency.In addition, they have substitution relationship. It is found that the advanced industrial structure inhibits the ecological efficiency, and the rationalization of industrial structure is beneficial to the improvement of the urban ecological efficiency.It is also discovered that the hypothesis environmental Kuznets curve and pollution Halo hypothesis still hold in the Yangtze River economic zone.

Keywords: Yangtze River economic zone; ecological efficiency; spatial-temporal evolution; spatial heterogeneity

VariationlawsanddrivingfactorsofwateruseofsocioeconomicsysteminBeijingunderindustrialtransformation/WANG Fengting1, ZHANG Qian2, WU Feng2(1.School of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; 2.Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China)

Abstract: The analysis of the variation laws and determinants of industrial water use of the socioeconomic system in Beijing is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of the regional water-ecology-society-economy complex system. The water consumption of the socioeconomic system sectors of Beijing in 2002, 2007, 2012 and 2013—2016 is measured. The driving factors for the variation of the water consumption in two periods of 2002—2007 and 2007—2012 are investigated by using the structural decomposition analysis model. The results show that the increasing water-use efficiency of 28 sectors from 2002 to 2012 leads to a decreasing trend in the direct water-use coefficient and the complete water-use coefficient. However, the total water consumption is on the rise due to the expansion of the industrial sectors. The scale expansion effect driven by the growth of the final demand consumption is the main factor for the growth of industrial water consumption, and the economic system efficiency effect contributes less to the growth of industrial water use. The industrial technology progress is the most important factor in reducing the industrial water use. The industrial transformation and development has exerted its effect on reducing the water consumption through structural effects. In view of the Beijing’s industrial transformation and development goal for high-tech and modern service industries, it is proposed to formulate targeted water resource management measures from both the economic and the administrative aspects according to the characteristics of industrial development and the goal ofindustrial transformation and development.

Keywords: industrial water consumption; input and output table; structural decomposition analysis; sustainable development; water resource management; Beijing

Pathof“Improvingqualityandeffectiveness”ofwaterconservancyinvestmentandfinancingsysteminJiangsuProvinceunderguidanceof“Strengtheningareasofweakness”/HU Guojun1, ZHU Guangyu1, XU Zhongzhi2(1.Finance and Audit Office, Water Resources Department of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210029, China; 2.Water Conservancy Construction Bureau of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210029, China)

Abstract: Guided by the policy of “Strengthening areas of weakness of water conservancy project and promotingsupervision of water conservancy industry” in China, the main keynote of reform and development of water resources in Jiangsu Province is “Strengthening area of weakness, promoting supervision and improving quality and efficiency”. By comparatively analyzing the basic data of the input into water conservancy and the investment of fixed assets at the corresponding period, the fiscal revenue and the GDP in Jiangsu Province from 1991 to 2018, it is shown that the water conservancy investment and financing system with the input mainly from public finance, fully play of market financing and extensive participation of social capital has been preliminarily formed.However, there are still some problems, such as the decrease of relative input intensity of water resources, the singleness of investment structure and the need of improving quality and efficiency.From the perspective of simultaneously increasing quantity and improving quality of strengthening areas of weakness, the water conservancy investment and financing system in Jiangsu Province should be improved through two ways: striving for the greater water resource investmentand improving the quality and efficiency of investment and financing system.Accordingly, the fund demand of “strengthening areas of weakness, promoting supervision and improving quality and efficiency” of water resources in the new period is better guaranteed, and the high-quality development of water conservancy in Jiangsu Province is achieved.

Keywords: strengthening area of weakness; promoting supervision; improvingquality and efficiency; water conservancy investment and financing; path; Jiangsu Province

Economicpenaltymodelforscheduledelayofwork-basedwaterconservancyprojectgroups/WANG Longbao1, ZHAO Wenjing2, ZHANG Xin3(1.College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 3.Jiangsu Beckert Project Management Consulting Co., Ltd, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: The real-time control of the schedule of each work is one of the main tasks of schedule management of water conservancy project groups. While, how to use economic bonus and penalty to effectively control the schedule of each work is the key to their schedule management. The sub-network of the water conservancy project groups is formulated according to the influence scope and degree induced by the schedule delay of various work items. On this basis, emphasis is laid on the influence mechanism of various work items of water conservancy project groups on the schedule of the contract project, sub-networks of the project groups and the project groups. The corresponding economic penalty model is established. The penalty amounts of each work and each contract project are then determined. Finally, a case study is carried out to illustrate the application mechanism and method of the economic penalty model. The economic penalty model for the schedule delay of water conservancy project groups based on the work can provide the basis for the scientific and reasonable determination of the penalty amount of each work and each contract project, and also lay the foundation for the employer to determine the key contract projects and work items of the schedule control in the water conservancy project groups.

Keywords: water conservancy project; project management; project group; sub-network; schedule management; economic penalty; model

EnergyanalysisofcompositeecosystemofShiyanCityinwatersourceareaofMiddleRouteofSouth-to-NorthWaterDiversionProject/HUA Jian1,2, YU Wenyan1, LI Jingjing1(1.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of World Water Valley and Water Ecological Civilization, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: In view of the increasing ecological environmental problems in Shiyan City, water source area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, a composite ecological system for Shiyan City is established. By using the energy value analysis method to draw the diagram of system energy value, the composite ecosystem energy value index system for Shiyan City is established, and the change rules of the composite ecosystem energy value index in Shiyan City from 2003 to 2016 are calculated and studied. The results show that: (1) The energy output of the complex ecosystem in Shiyan City increases, but its self-sufficiency decreases, and its dependence on external resources increases. (2) The output of energy value contributes more to the economy, but the external exchange of interests decreases after the project is in operation, the living standard of residents and the utilization efficiency of energy value per unit area increase, the pressure of environmental governance increases, and the waste discharge is effectively controlled. (3) The complex ecosystem gradually turns into high consumption type, and its sustainable development capability decreases. (4) Compared with those of other cities in the water source area, the composite ecosystem of Shiyan City has strong energy self-sufficiency, environmental-bearing capacity and sustainable development capability; however, its economic development and residents’ living standard are relatively low.

Keywords: South-to-North Water Diversion Project; energy; composite ecosystem; Shiyan City

ExperienceofecologicalembankmentprojectsofDaguRiverinQingdao/DUAN Hongdong, LI Fapeng, WANG Jianping, LIU Dengwei(Development Research Center of the Ministry of Water Resources of P.R. China, Beijing 100038, China)

Abstract: In the process of scientifically and rationally seeking the balance between the sustainable economic and social development and the ecological environmental protection supported by water conservancy projects, the concept of ecological water conservancy project construction has been sprung up, developed and popularized. The ecological embankment, which has received worldwide attention, is one of the ecological water conservancy projects. The practical experience accumulated in the planning concept, general layout, levee-line layout, revetment measures, habitat protection and operation management of comprehensive treatment and control of Dagu River in Qingdao. The key aspects and main measures of ecological embankment construction are summarized and refined. Some suggestions on speeding up the construction of the national ecological embankment projects are put forward in order to provide references for large-scale construction management of ecological water conservancy projects and river regulation and restoration in China.

Keywords: ecological water conservancy; Dagu River in Qingdao; ecological embankment; ecological environmental protection; river regulation and restoration

CurrentsituationandhotspotanalysisofwatersecurityresearchesbasedonCiteSpace/CAO Yongqiang, QI Jingwei, WANG Fei(School of Geographical Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China)

Abstract: Based on the visual analysis software of bibliometrics, CiteSpace, and using CNKI as the data source, the relevant papersin thefield of water security researches collected from 2001 to 2018are retrieved and analyzed. The number of the relevant documents, the cooperation of authors, the cooperation of institutions, keyword clustering analysis and the hot words are highlighted. The results show that: (1) Inthe field of water security from 2001 to 2018, the number of published papers generally increases, and there are periodic fluctuations during the period, with the peak number of published papers in 2015. (2) There is not enough close cooperation between the authors and research institutions of the relevant literatures in the field of water security. The academic cooperation in this field needs to be further strengthened to better solve the problems in the field of water security. (3) The high-frequency keyword clustering can be divided into 11 clusters, including “index system” “water safety assessment” “river and lake management” “sponge city” and “coordinated development”, covering most areas of water security researches. (4) The research hotspots focus on “water resources” “evaluation” “virtual water” and so on. It can be seen that in the field of water security researches, the safety evaluation of water resources and the direction of sustainable development receive more attention. This study can further speculate on the future development direction of water security so as to provide some reference for the future researches in the field of water security.

Keywords: CiteSpace; water security; research hotspot; water resource

Managementmechanismofspongecityconstructionfromperspectiveoflifecycle/DING Jiyong1,2, CAI Juefang1,2, LI Na3, CHEN Chen1(1.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.Institute of Engineering Management, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 3.China National Chemical Engineering Group Corporation, Beijing 100007, China)

Abstract: The sponge city construction is the integrated treatment concept for urban water problems proposed by China’s government based on the practical situations and also the Chinese proposal. It is of great significance to promote the utilization of rainwater resources, to enhance the function of urban ecosystem, and to alleviate the urban water-logging. Based on the analysis of the complex characteristics of sponge city construction system, the potential problems and risks in the planning, design, implementation, operation, maintenance, investment and financing phases are discussed from the perspective of lifecycle. Learning lessons from the advanced international experience in the urban water problems, the establishment of the corresponding core management and control mechanisms is discussed, including collaborative management mechanism, incentive and supervision mechanism, integrated operation and maintenance mechanism, investment and financing mechanism, and PPP application. It aims to provide reference for the risk management and control in the practice of sponge city construction in China.

Keywords: urban water problem; sponge city; rainwater resource; management mechanism; life cycle; PPP mode; risk control

Rationalallocationofwaterresourcesinriverbasinsbasedonwaterusersatisfactionnorm/LIU Honghong1, CUI Yao2, ZHAO Xue3, LI Peng4(1.College of Management, Xi’an University of Finance and Economics, Xi’an 710100, China; 2.Security Department, Xi ’an University of Finance and Economics, Xi’an 710100, China; 3.Department of Basic Science, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710043, China; 4.Jilin Province Changhong Water Conservancy Engineering Co., Ltd., Channgchun 130033, China)

Abstract: The allocation of water resources in river basinsin China is mainly from the perspective of the river basin manager to maximize the overall interests of the river basins. Owing to the ignorance of individual interests and willingness of consultation of water users in the river basins, the satisfaction degree of some water users is low, and the feasibility of the scheme is poor.Therefore, the satisfaction degree of water users with the water resource allocation scheme is defined as that of water usersand is quantified as the lowest satisfaction function and the coordination satisfaction function so as to provide a channel for the water users to participate in the decision-making of water resource allocation scheme.Finally, a reasonable allocation model for water resources in the river basinsis established based on the satisfaction criterion of water users. The demonstration study of Heihe River Basin is performed. It is shown that: (1) The model can meet the fairness of water resource allocation.(2) The coordination satisfaction of allocation schemes for each district in Heihe River Basin is proportional to the weight of each water resource allocation.(3) When the minimum satisfaction value is high, the water distribution fairness is more emphasized in the formulation of water distribution schemes by the watershed water resource management institutions. On the contrary, more emphasis is placed on the efficiency of water use, which is prone to severe water shortage in some regions, which affects the fairness of water distribution inHeihe River Basin, and it should be avoided.

Keywords: river basin; water resource; rational allocation modelof water resource; water user; satisfaction degree function; Heihe River Basin

Incentivemechanismofcreditinformationsharinginwaterconservancyconstructionmarket/LI Sheng1, WU Dandan2, WANG Yichen1, XUE Song1,3,4(1.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.Nanjing City Construction Management Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210006, China; 3.International River Research Centre, Nanjing 211100, China; 4.Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of World Water Valley and Water Ecological Civilization, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: For the problem of incomplete and untimely acquisition of credit information of the parties of water conservancy construction market and in view of the asymmetric information game theory based on information asymmetry, an incentive mechanism model for the credit information sharing in water conservancy construction market is studied and formulated. The game theory is used to analyze the credit information sharing behavior between the government and the water conservancy construction units and that among various construction units. The research shows that the construction units with good or poor credit tend to choose the credit information sharing when the government gives certain rewards, and the optimum incentive coefficient is related to the cost coefficient of the credit information sharing and the risk aversion degree of the parties of the water conservancy construction market. The research results may lay the foundation for dynamic credit management of the water conservancy construction market and provide the basis for further researches on the related issues.

Keywords: credit; information sharing; asymmetric information game theory; incentive model; water conservancy construction market

WaterresourcedemonstrationandanalysisforgeothermalwellprojectofInternationalRuralCulturalParkinYanchengWorldVillage/WU Wei1, CAO Shanyu2, LI Bingyan1(1.Jiangsu Huizhi Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210036, China; 2.Jiangsu Province Water Engineering Sci-tech Consulting Corp., Ltd., Nanjing 210029, China)

Abstract: The water resource demonstration and analysis for the geothermal well project of International Rural Cultural Park in World Village in Chengnan New District of Yancheng City are performed. The necessity and rationality of the project drawing geothermal water as well as its influences on other water users and ecological environment are demonstrated from the perspectives of its water resource conditions, water drawingfunction and water demand. According to the pumping test data of geothermal wells, the reliability and feasibility of water drawing are demonstrated from the aspects of geothermal water resources, water quality and its impact on geological environment and water environment. The analysis results show that the water sourcesof geothermal wellsused for the hot spring bath in the ecological park is of the value of physical therapy and health care and the energy conservation and environmental protection.

Keywords: geothermal well; geothermal water; hot spring bath; water resource demonstration; rural tourism ecological park

Watertradingmodeforamountsofcontractwater-savingmanagementofpublicnetwork/WANG Yin1, ZHOU Weiwei2, FAN Jingming1, ZHANG Bin1(1.China Water Exchange, Beijing 100053, China; 2.Bureau of Comprehensive Development of the Ministry of Water Resources of P.R. China, Beijing 100053, China)

Abstract: The features of water users in the public network are analyzed from the aspects of water-supply method, water right registration, water fee source and water monitoring. The water right registration is the precondition for water amounts of contract water-saving management of public network. The water trading modes of “Water-saving before transaction” and “Payment before water-saving” are proposed. They both include direct sale and commission sale according to the participation of water-supply corporations. The affirmation and transaction of amounts for contract water-saving management are identified as the key elements for trading regulation and risk control. The third-party evaluation mechanism and water trading feasibility demonstration are the effective measures to reduce risks and to avoid negative externality of water trading.

Keywords: public network; contract water-saving management; water trading; trading mode

Discussiononnewideasforcalculationofproductionresettlementpopulationofhydropowerprojects/XIN Yuanxin, LIU Xiaomin, YANG Xueting(Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited, Power China, Xi’an 710065, China)

Abstract: Land is the foundation of peasants’survival, land income directly determines the population available for support, and the income closely relates to the economic factors such as land area, quality, mode of utilization and management activities. The income of land expropriation can objectively and comprehensively reflect the population that needs to be resettled, which is of certain reference value. The current method forcalculatingthe production resettlement population as well as their applicability are discussed in combination with the work practice. Comprehensively considering some factors such as the differences in land quality, the multiple uses of land and the dependence degrees of farmers on land, a new ideafor calculating the production resettlement population is proposed from the perspective of land income. The newidea can reflect the actual production and resettlement population and reduce the error of population calculation in land expropriation. The case studies of D hydropower station in Qinghai Province and E hydropower station in Tibet Autonomous Region are taken to analyzethe differences in the calculation of production resettlement population.

Keywords: hydropower project; engineering resettlement; production resettlement population; land income; calculating method