教学考试杂志社“优师计划”阶段性成果展示——语法填空相关试题选登

Passage 1

All of the employees in my company helped to raise money for a girl who worked as a front office worker.A few weeks ago she 61(tell)by her doctor she got brain tumor.

She is from a not 62(wealth)family,and she 63(lose)her father while she was studying in 6th grade.Now she is the single parent of 64 8-year-old daughter and there is no one to look after her kid.Being the single bread-earner,it is very difficult for her family 65(pay)for the expenses of her treatment.Her monthly income only adds up 66 INR.12 000.($ 200)and her treatment cost is INR.1 000 000($ 16 000).

When we came to know her disease,we wanted to help her,so we decided to contribute from all the employees’ 67(salary).The employees from my company had each paid 2 days salary for her medical expenses,and many people had 68(generous)donated for her treatment.From our company,we have raised about INR.80 000($ 1 333 approx.)for her expenses.

Now she is back from the hospital and her health is getting 69(good)day by day.She was very thankful to all the people 70 had helped for her medical treatment.

Passage 1 解析

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者公司前台的女孩被诊断患了疾病，家境不太富裕，于是整个公司为她捐款的事情。

61.【答案】was told

【考查角度】考查动词的时态和语态。

【解题分析】根据本句的时间状语“A few weeks ago”可知，叙述几周前的事情用一般过去时；主语“she”和tell 之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动形式。

62.【答案】wealthy

【考查角度】考查词性转换。

【解题分析】修饰后面的名词“family”，应用形容词作定语。

63.【答案】lost

【考查角度】考查动词的时态。

【解题分析】根据时间状语从句“while she was studying in 6th grade”可知，叙述过去的事情用一般过去时。

64.【答案】an

【考查角度】考查冠词的用法。

【解题分析】此处是泛指概念，用不定冠词；8-year-old是读音以元音音素开头的单词。故用冠词an。

65.【答案】to pay

【考查角度】考查非谓语动词。

【解题分析】本句是it 作形式主语。故用不定式结构作真正的主语。

66.【答案】to

【考查角度】考查短语搭配。

【解题分析】add up to 是常用短语，意为“加起来达到……”。

【知识延伸】

add up,add to,add up to 辨析

add up：加起来

add to：增添，增加，增进

add up to...：总共达……，加起来达到……。该短语不用于被动语态

67.【答案】salaries

【考查角度】考查名词复数。

【解题分析】根据本句中的“all the employees’”可知，此处指所有员工的工资，是复数概念，故用复数形式。

68.【答案】generously

【考查角度】考查词性转换。

【解题分析】修饰谓语动词作状语，用副词形式。

69.【答案】better

【考查角度】考查形容词的比较等级。

【解题分析】根据本句中的“day by day”及语境可知，她的身体一天比一天好，是暗含的比较级。故用better。

70.【答案】who

【考查角度】考查定语从句。

【解题分析】先行词是people，后面的定语从句少主语，故用引导词who。

【知识延伸】定语从句解题技巧：（1）在解题过程中，首先要正确判断是不是定语从句，若是疑问句要将其恢复为陈述句，尤其注意标点符号和是否已有并列连词（如but,and）和从属连词（如if,when），还要注意是否是强调结构。（2）在确定是定语从句后，就要找准先行词，看它是指人还是指物，是时间还是地点。（3）要弄清先行词在定语从句中作什么成分。最后，再根据关系词各自的用法特点去确定恰当的关系词。

【长难句分析】All of the employees in my company helped to raise money for a girl who worked as a front office worker.（第一段第一句）

分析：本句中包含了一个定语从句“who worked as a front office worker”，修饰和限制先行词a girl。

译文：我公司的所有员工都在帮助一名在前台工作的女孩筹款。

词汇积累：employee n.雇员，职工expense n.费用，花费treatment n.治疗 contribute v.奉献，捐献

Passage 2

Modern people are paying more attention to exercise,while in ancient China there were also many 61(fit)lovers.

The great poet Su Dongpo, 62(prefer)to take long runs,and he thought that only by moving your body 63(regular)could you have a strong body and adapt to the seasonal changes quickly.

In a letter to one of his 64(friend),Su Dongpo talked about his exercising habit, 65 was to run five kilometers per day.He would slow down when he breathed hard,and sped up when his breath balanced.Su Dongpo would run until he was sweaty,hot,blood circulating and limbs(手足)feeling refreshed.

We can see that when Su 66(run),he stressed“qi”,which means“energy”or“the essence of life”.Su was a fan of qigong, 67 system of deep breathing.He ran in the morning and sat in deep thought at night, 68(make)qi flow inside his body.After meditating(静修)for nearly 20 days,he felt his body was much 69(strong)and could run from the first floor to the fifth 70 resting in the middle.He believed that by practicing this way,he could live longer.

Passage 2 解析

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了苏东坡不仅是著名的文学家，也是一位运动达人。

61.【答案】fitness

【考查角度】考查词性转换。

【解题分析】此处应用fitness 这一名词作定语，修饰名词“lovers”，意为“健康爱好者”。

62.【答案】preferred

【考查角度】考查动词的时态。

【解题分析】此处描述过去发生的事情，且根据并列句中的谓语“thought”可知，应用一般过去时。

63.【答案】regularly

【考查角度】考查词性转换。

【解题分析】此处应用副词形式修饰动词“moving”。

64.【答案】friends

【考查角度】考查名词的复数。

【解题分析】根据语法常识可知，“one of+名词复数”是常见表达形式，意为“……之一”。

65.【答案】which

【考查角度】考查定语从句。

【解题分析】分析句子结构可知，此处应用关系代词which 引导定语从句，指代exercising habit。

66.【答案】was running

【考查角度】考查动词的时态。

【解题分析】分析句子结构可知，这是连词when 引导的时间状语从句，此处强调情景，表示“当……时”，所以要用过去进行时。

67.【答案】a

【考查角度】考查冠词。

【解题分析】此处用不定冠词a 表示泛指。句意为：苏东坡是气功迷，这是一种深呼吸系统。

68.【答案】making

【考查角度】考查非谓语动词。

【解题分析】分析句子结构可知，前半句中“ran”和“sat”是谓语动词，且动词make 与主语“He”之间存在逻辑上的主动关系，所以此处要用现在分词形式。

69.【答案】stronger

【考查角度】考查形容词的比较等级。

【解题分析】此处表示在静修了将近二十天后，他感觉自己的身体变得更强壮了，根据“much”可知应用strong 的比较级。

70.【答案】without

【考查角度】考查介词。

【解题分析】根据语境及空格后的“resting in the middle”可知，此处表示苏东坡在静修了将近二十天后，他感觉自己的身体变得更强壮了，而且能够从一楼跑上五楼，中途不需要歇息，所以应该用介词without。

【亮点句积累】In a letter to one of his friends,Su Dongpo talked about his exercising habit,which was to run five kilometers per day.（第三段第一句）

译文：在他给一个朋友写的信中，苏东坡谈起了他的运动习惯，就是每天跑步5 千米。

词汇积累：attention n.注意力 adapt v.适应

essence n.本质

Passage 3

You won’t be able to control everything your teens do when they drive, 61 you can teach them about the importance of safety.Show them how to lock their 62(door),as this could ensure their safety when pulling out of a dark parking lot or stopping at a red light.Teach them how to buy 63 safe car.Make sure your teens know that if they don’t put down their phones and stop fiddling with(摆弄)the radio while they drive,they could be seriously injured or worse.Teenagers tend to think of 64(they)as invincible(无敌的),but if you gently explain the risks of not focusing on the road,they may decide to quit this dangerous habit.

You need to show that you’re 65(confidence)in your teen’s driving skills,even if it 66(frighten)you.If you react every time they speed up too fast or hit the brakes too hard,you’ll cause them 67(lose)confidence in their own driving abilities.Insecure drivers can be very dangerous,particularly 68 high traffic situations.Instead of shouting and stressing as your teens learn to drive,try your best to speak 69(calm).They’ll respond much 70(good)to quiet comments than harsh(严厉的)words.

Passage 3 解析

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。作为家长，应该指导自己的孩子安全驾驶，应该让孩子知道驾驶中需要注意到的不良习惯。

61.【答案】but

【考查角度】考查连词。

【解题分析】空格前后两个句子有明显的转折关系，因此应该填but。句意为：你不能控制青少年开车时所做的一切，但你可以教会他们安全的重要性。

62.【答案】doors

【考查角度】考查名词的复数。

【解题分析】根据“their”可知，此处应用名词复数。

63.【答案】a

【考查角度】考查冠词。

【解题分析】此处泛指一辆安全的汽车；safe 是读音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。

64.【答案】themselves

【考查角度】考查代词。

【解题分析】句意为：青少年常常认为他们自己是无敌的……句子的主语和宾语是相同的人，因此应该用反身代词作宾语。

65.【答案】confident

【考查角度】考查词性转换。

【解题分析】根据空格前面的“you’re”可知，应用形容词confident 作表语。

66.【答案】frightens

【考查角度】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。

【解题分析】even if 引导让步状语从句，从句中应该用一般现在时表将来，且主语是it。故应用frightens。

【解题关键】时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和“越……，越……”句型中，应该用一般现在时表将来概念，如果不知道这个原则则很容易误写成will frighten。

67.【答案】to lose

【考查角度】考查非谓语动词。

【解题分析】cause sb.to do sth.意为“使某人做某事”，为固定搭配。

68.【答案】in

【考查角度】考查介词。

【解题分析】in...situation 意为“在……的情境中”，故此处应用介词in。

69.【答案】calmly

【考查角度】考查词性转换。

【解题分析】空格处修饰动词“speak”，应用副词。

70.【答案】better

【考查角度】考查副词的比较等级。

【解题分析】根据空格前面的“much”可知，此处应用副词的比较级。

【长难句分析】If you react every time they speed up too fast or hit the brakes too hard,you’ll cause them to lose confidence in their own driving abilities.（第二段第二句）

分析：这是一个主从复合句。if 引导条件状语从句；every time 引导时间状语从句。

译文：如果他们每次加速太快或刹车过猛你都做出反应，你会使他们对自己的驾驶能力失去信心。

词汇积累：safety n.安全seriously adv.严重地

risk n.危险，风险

insecure adj.不安全的，不稳固的，不可靠的

particularly adv.特别，尤其