古树有“保姆”？这是真的

◇ 文|本刊记者 图|

随着一连串警报声突然响起，沙坪坝区数字化城市管理中心工作人员立马打开古树名木智慧管理系统。

管理系统上显示，三峡广场的多棵古树都处于“离线”状态。

工作人员随即致电古树巡逻员，询问详细情况。不到五分钟，巡逻员发回报告：“古树一切正常，报警是因为重庆西站施工突然断网造成的。”

As a series of alarm songs blast forth, the staff of the Digital City Management Center in Shapingba District immediately opened the intelligent management system of ancient and famous trees.

The management system showed that many ancient trees in the Three Gorges square were"offline".

The staff immediately called the ancient tree patroller to inquire about the details. Less than five minutes later, the patroller sent back a report:“everything is normal for the ancient trees. The alarm was caused by the sudden disconnection of the network from the construction of Chongqing West Railway Station.”

一直以来，人们对于古树名木的管理与维护，大多情况下都只能凭借人工经验。

随着智能时代的到来，一个个小小的智能设备被安放在了沙坪坝区的88棵古树名木身边，精准地记录着环境温度、土壤湿度、树木倾斜度等信息，为古树的管理养护提供了一种更具标准化的管理方案。

For a long time, people have only relied on artificial experience to manage and maintain ancient and famous trees.

With the advent of the age of intelligence, small intelligent equipment have been placed beside 88 ancient and famous trees in Shapingba District,recording accurately the environmental temperature,soil moisture, tree inclination and other information,providing a more standardized management plan for the management and maintenance of ancient trees.

点开古树智慧管理平台，沙坪坝区所有古树都分布在了平台的地图上。进而点开每一棵古树名木的图标，古树编号、土壤温度、含水量、电导率，以及树木倾斜度、振动度等实时信息，便一一呈现在眼前。

整个平台上呈现的指标，都是建立在林业专家为古树量身打造的生长环境这一基础上的。无论是土壤水分含量低于适合古树生长的最低值，或是土壤中养料含量过低，甚至是大风将树木吹得倾斜，或者古树遭受人为破坏而导致的振动，系统都会自动报警。

Click to open the intelligent management platform for ancient trees, and all ancient trees in Shapingba District will be distributed on the map of the platform. Then click on the icon of each ancient and famous tree, the ancient tree number, soil temperature, water content, electrical conductivity,tree inclination, vibration degree and other realtime information will appear one by one in front of us.

The indicators presented on the entire platform are all based on the growth environment tailored for ancient trees by forestry experts. Whether the soil moisture content is lower than the minimum value suitable for the growth of ancient trees, or the nutrient content in the soil is too low, or even the trees are tilted by strong winds, or the ancient trees are vibrated due to human destruction, the system will alarm automatically.

对古树的护理，也体现在对管理古树的巡逻员的管理上。从古树智慧管理平台上发回的，还有巡逻员每天在看护古树时的行经路线，从线路到停留时间，都一一记录在案。

每天一次的古树生长环境统计图中，也能清晰看到土壤中水分等各种指标的变化，从而判断巡逻员是否按照标准对古树进行了合理维护。

在古树名木智慧管理系统的管理与监控之下，就像是给沙坪坝区每一棵被记录在案的古树名木配了一名贴身保姆，一旦发生任何情况，工作人员完全能够在五分钟内到达现场进行处理。

走近古树仔细寻找，便能发现树上悬挂着一个小小的仪器，和一个深入地下的探头。在这些小工具的辅助下，利用物联网技术，通过LORA组网技术和RFID技术相结合，便能实现古树的坐标定位，以及生长状态实时查看、砍伐预警、倒伏预警等功能。

The care of ancient trees is also reflected in the management of patrollers who manage ancient trees. Information from the ancient tree intelligent management platform, and the patrollers’ daily patrolling routes during the care of ancient trees,the routes and the stay time are all recorded one by one.

Changes in various indexes such as soil moisture can also be clearly seen in the daily statistical chart of the growth environment of ancient trees, so as to judge whether the patrollers have carried out reasonable maintenance of ancient trees in accordance with the standards.

Under the management and monitoring of the intelligent management system for ancient and famous trees, it is like assigning a close-fitting nanny to every recorded ancient and famous tree in Shapingba District. Once anything happens, the staff can surely arrive at the site within five minutes to handle it.

When approaching the ancient tree and looking for it carefully, you can find a small instrument hanging from the tree and a probe that goes deep into the ground. With the help of these small tools,the coordinate positioning of ancient trees can be realized by using the internet of things technology and combining LORA networking technology with RFID technology, as well as real-time viewing of growth status, felling warning, lodging warning and other functions.

此外，基于古树名木智慧管理这个系统，所有的古树名木都有了属于自己的电子身份证。

“这就是传说中的黄葛树么？”“哇，这棵树到底多大了呀？”三峡广场一棵黄葛树旁，几名外地游客在树边纳凉，或许是第一次见到城市中如此粗壮的大树，引来他们一连串疑问。

伴随着“嘀”的一声，一名游客惊喜地招呼同伴：“快来快来，这个二维码里面有树的介绍。”在游客的手机上，清晰地显示出这棵树是黄葛树，为桑科榕属，属于一级古树等级，估测树龄为三百年等信息，其中还有树木的高度等，俨然就是这棵黄葛树的科普小标签。

I n addition, b ase d on t he i ntelligent management system of ancient and famous trees, all ancient and famous trees have their own electronic identity.

“Is this the legendary Ficus virens?” “Wow,how old is this tree?” Next to a Ficus virens in the Three Gorges square, several tourists from other place were enjoying the cool at the edge of the tree.Perhaps it was the first time that they saw such a thick tree in the city, giving rise to a series of questions among them.

Accompanied by the sound of “di”, a tourist hailed his companions with surprise: “come on,this QR code has the introduction of the tree.” On the tourist’s mobile phone, it clearly showed that the tree is a Ficus virens, belonging to the Moraceae and Ficus, and is the first grade of ancient trees. It was estimated that the tree was 300 years old, and there was other information, including the height of the tree, etc., which was just like a little scientific label of the Ficus virens.