坐在办公室给大桥“号脉”

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桥，对于重庆人来说意义重大。

作为中国唯一的“桥都”，重庆现有各类桥梁4500多座，仅主城区长江和嘉陵江上就有数十座跨江大桥。相关数据显示，每天80%的市民要过至少一座跨江大桥，60%的市民要过两座以上跨江桥。

庞大的车流在大桥上穿行流动，桥梁本身及其相关设施的安全如何保障？带着这个疑问，我们来到了重庆市市政设施管理局。

Bridges, make big differences for Chongqing people.

As China's only "City of Bridges", Chongqing has built over 4,500 bridges of various kinds, and for the main urban area only, there are dozens of riverspanning bridges over Yangtze River and Jialing River. Statics show, each day 80% of local residents have to cross at least one river-spanning bridge,and 60% have to cross more than two river-spanning bridges.

With such huge traffic, how to ensure the safety of these bridges and their related facilities? With this in doubt, we came to the Chongqing Municipal Department of Public Facilities Administration.

24小时监控大桥健康

24-hour Monitoring of Bridges' Health

“我们现在可以看到的这些数据，都是从高家花园大桥上实时采集到的。”通过设在重庆市市政设施管理局5楼的“智慧城管综合管理平台”，工作人员调出了大桥的监控数据。

在这张犹如大桥“心电图”般的曲线图上，高家花园大桥的各类监测项目数据一目了然。

“这些数据并不是一成不变的，会随着大桥的使用时间及大桥运营状态的变化而变化。每项数据都设置有预警值，一旦预警我们就得立马采取措施。”从事平台监测的工作人员说，“不过不用担心，大桥的健康状况是24小时监测可控的。”

原来，在“智慧城管综合管理平台”系统中，有专门针对桥梁健康的“桥梁结构运营状态监测系统”。“这套监测系统运用在了市政设施管理局直管的高家花园大桥、大佛寺大桥和马桑溪大桥上。”工作人员记得，高家花园大桥作为内环快速路重要的跨江大桥，在2013年11月就投用了桥梁结构运营状态监测系统。

也是在那个时候，刚从重庆交通大学桥梁与隧道专业毕业的张犇，作为一名桥隧维护师，见证了高家花园大桥安装桥梁结构运营状态监测系统的全过程。

监测系统需要在高家花园大桥安装近百个传感器，这让张犇激动不已。“科班”出身的张犇非常兴奋，经常跑到桥上与施工人员沟通。

“监测系统24小时运行，超过预警阀值会自动报警。”每当张犇轻点鼠标，查看桥梁挠度、应力应变变化情况时，显示屏就会出现像“心电图”一样高低起伏的曲线，这让张犇觉得，当桥梁“保健医生”一点也不比人类医生差，“传感器24小时采集数据，汇聚到平台上形成数据分析图。通过这些数据分析，可以实时对大桥的健康状况进行分析。”

"The data we are looking at now, are all realtime collected from the Gaojiahuayuan Bridge."Through the "Integrated Management Platform of Intelligent City Management" installed at the 5th floor of Chongqing Municipal Department of Public Facilities Administration, a staff member retrieved the monitoring data of the bridge.

On this "electrocardiogram" like graph of the bridge, various monitoring data of the Gaojiayuan Bridge were clear at a glance.

"These data are not static, and will be updated with the serving duration and operational status of the bridge. Each datum is set with alarm value, and once alarmed, we will take actions immediately."Said the staff member engaged in platform monitoring, "But don't worry, the bridge health is 24-hour monitored and totally under control. ”

Actually, within the "Integrated Management Platform of Intelligent City Management", there was a Monitoring System of Bridge Structure Operation Status designed for bridge health. "This set of monitoring system has been installed on the Gaojiahuayuan Bridge, the Dafosi Bridge and the Masangxi Bridge." The staff member still remembered, the Gaojiahuayuan Bridge being a major river-spanning bridge on the Inner Ring express road, the Monitoring System of Bridge Structure Operation Status was put into use on the bridge as early as in November 2013.

Also at that time, Zhang Ben, who just graduated from the Major of Bridge and Tunnel of Chongqing Jiaotong University, witnessed the whole process of installing the Monitoring System of Bridge Structure Operation Status on the Gaojiahuayuan Bridge as a bridge and tunnel maintenance engineer .

The monitoring system required installation of nearly one hundred sensors on the Gaojiahuayuan Bridge, which was really exciting for Zhan Ben. As a professional by training, Zhan Ben was very excited,and used to talk on-site to constructors on the bridge.

"The monitoring system works 24-hour around,and will raise alarm automatically when the warning threshold value is exceeded." Whenever Zhang Ben clicked the mouse to view changes of the deflection and stress forces in the bridge, the display screen would show the "electrocardiogram" like graph,which made Zhang Ben feel like a health physician for the bridge, not inferior to any doctor for humans.The sensors collected data 24-hour around, which were aggregated to the platform to generate data analysis charts. With these data analyses, realtime analyses on health status of the bridge could be made.”

大数据为“隔空诊症”提供“药方”

Big Data Offers "Prescriptions" Through "Diagnosis in Air"

基于大桥监控采集的数据，智能化的大桥监测系统还汇聚了一个强大的“数据池”，为交通运营提供了更多的数据分析样本。

在重庆市市政设施管理局大桥处监控中心，我们可以清晰地看到车辆通行的情况。工作人员告诉我们，桥梁上安装有高清摄像头，可实时监控慢车道、快车道、栏杆等桥面设施，以及桥下通道、主要墩台部位、桥梁保护区上下游100米范围河道及河岸周边的情况，基本实现桥梁视频监控无盲区。

系统在实时监控桥梁安全的同时，还能记录车流量，识别超重车辆。“系统每小时都会对超重车通行情况生成一份数据图表，通过数据图表和相关的视频资料，我们可以清晰掌握超重车辆的数量及车牌号。”工作人员解释。

传感数据是否能体现真实的桥梁运营情况？在使用过程中大桥的各方面数据是否产生变化？是否需要作出调整？负责监控的工作人员说，通过采集到的大数据，相关专家会给出详尽的分析报告和针对大桥情况作出相应的调整建议。这样一来，大数据就能为“桥梁医生”提供更多“隔空诊症”方案。

除高家花园大桥之外，目前重庆还有100多座桥梁完成了智能化监测监控建设。

Based on the data collection of bridge monitoring, the intelligent bridge monitoring system also built a powerful "data pool", providing more data analysis samples for transportation operation.

At the Monitoring Center of Bridges Bureau of the Chongqing Municipal Department of Public Facilities Administration, we could see clearly the traffic situations on bridges. A staff member told us, the high-definition cameras installed on bridges could real-time monitor slow lanes, fast lanes, railings and other surface facilities, as well as pathways under bridge, main bridge piers, 100 meters upstream and downstream areas of bridge protection zones and the surrounding areas of the banks, which basically realized no-blind area for bridge video surveillance.

While real-time monitoring safety of bridges,the system also recorded traffic flows and identified overweight vehicles. "The system will generate a data chart for overweight vehicles traffic every hour, and with the data charts and related video materials, we can easily find out the numbers and plate numbers of the overweight vehicles." explained a staff member.

Did the detection data reflect true operation status of the bridges? Would the bridge data of various kinds change in the course of use? Was it necessary to make adjustments? The staff member in charge of monitoring said, with the collect big data, relevant experts would file detailed analysis report and make adjustment proposals for related bridge status. In this way, the big data would be able to offer more proposals of "diagnosis in air" to the"bridge physicians".

Besides the Gaojiahuayuan Bridge, Chongqing now has completed installation of intelligent monitoring systems on over 100 bridges.