全身浸浴护理在预防大面积深度烧伤后期残余创面感染的应用研究

张晓玲

[摘要]目的：探讨全身浸浴护理在预防大面積深度烧伤后期残余创面感染的临床应用效果。方法：选取2013年9月-2016年4月笔者医院收治的大面积深度烧伤患者120例为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组，每组60例。对照组给予常规护理，观察组在常规护理的基础上加用全身浸浴护理。比较两组患者护理有效率、护理干预前后疼痛评分及创面愈合情况。结果：观察组护理有效率为93.33%（56/60），高于对照组的60.00%（36/60），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。护理干预后，观察组疼痛评分、创面愈合时间及生活活动能力评分均优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。护理干预后，两组IL-4、IL-10水平均低于护理干预前，且观察组低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：全身浸浴护理有助于降低大面积深度烧伤后期残余创面感染情况，降低患者创面疼痛感，促进预后恢复及生活质量的提高，值得在临床中应用推广。

[关键词]全身浸浴护理；大面积深度烧伤；残余创面；创面感染

[中图分类号]R47 [文献标志码]B [文章编号]1008-6455（2018）07-0132-03

Abstract： Objective To study the clinical effect of whole body bath care in preventing residual wound infection in the late stage of deep burn. Methods 120 cases of patients with extensive burns admitted in our hospital from September 2013 to April 2016 were selected as the subjects. All patients were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method， 60 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were given routine care to prevent residual wound infection in the late stage of deep burn， and the patients in the observation group were treated with systemic bath care on a routine basis. The nursing effectiveness， before and after treatment of pain scores and wound healing were compared between the two groups. Results The effective rate of nursing in the observation group was 93.33% （56/60）， which was higher than that in the control group （60.00%，36/60）， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After nursing intervention， the pain score， wound healing time and life activity ability score of the observation group were better than those of the control group（P<0.05）. After nursing intervention， the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in the two groups were lower than those before nursing intervention， and the observation group was lower than that of the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Whole body bathing can help reduce the incidence of residual wound infection in the late post-burn stage， reduce the pain of the patient's wound， promote the recovery of the prognosis and improve the quality of life in the clinical application worthy of promotion.

Key words： whole body bath care； large area deep burn； residual wound； wound infection

烧伤是临床上常见的外科疾病，指在热液、蒸汽、高温气体或火焰等因素下对人体组织造成的损害，主要是对患者的皮肤及黏膜组织造成伤害，严重者伤及皮下组织或黏膜[1]。一旦烧伤发生，患者极易出现创面感染等临床症状，时刻威胁着患者生命，同时影响预后恢复效果[2-4]。若患者为大面积深度烧伤，临床上大多采用手术治疗的方式，通过手术清除坏死皮肤及黏膜组织，术后立刻覆盖创面，可较好地避免因过多流失体液及能量造成感染[5]。因此，为了提高手术修复创面的成功率，并降低术后感染的发生，在治疗的同时给予相应的护理措施显得尤为重要。近年来，全身浸浴护理模式在临床上的推广应用取得了较好的效果。基于此，本研究对此种护理方法在预防大面积深度烧伤后期残余创面感染的应用展开分析。现报道如下。