国际摄影节如何“国际化”？——从“2018中国国际摄影艺术节”说开去

文王森正 WANG Senzheng

“志合者,不以山海为远”。5月18日，由中国摄协、郑州市人民政府主办的2018中国国际摄影艺术节暨中国第17届国际摄影艺术展览在河南省郑州市开幕。作为两年一次的摄影盛会，本次节展形式丰富多元，中国第17届国际摄影艺术展览、2018郑州影像双年展双管齐下，18个板块交相辉映，9项活动异彩纷呈，力图为观者呈现一个丰富多元的影像语境，通过摄影这一艺术形式构建一个文化交流的平台，让全世界的摄影家一起聚焦时代发展的新命题，并用摄影表达对人类发展的期冀。在“一带一路”倡议进行得如火如荼的今天，国际间文化的交流日趋频繁。如何使摄影艺术节真正具有“国际化”水准？如何突出中国声音在国际摄影界的力量？

以国际视野聚焦人类发展

“人类命运共同体”是习近平总书记在谈到人类发展的未来趋势中提出的概念，所谓“共同体”，就是预示着各个国家、各个民族之间命运前途的共通性、普遍性、一致性，要求着各个国家以“大同”的视角来对待人类社会未来的发展，打破界限和隔阂。本次摄影节展的策办方向就体现着这种国际化的视野，无论是聚焦全球的生态环境问题，还是关注现代化城市人类的生存焦虑；无论是以独特的视角投射“一带一路”沿线国家的风土人情，还是讲述人们对和平的向往与追求，这些作品都可以走出视野的局限，站在全人类的立场的观照世界、思考问题、寻找答案，并通过摄影的形式把他们对于世界的感知和审视表现出来，当以群展的方式把这点汇聚成一个宽阔的面时，我们可以清晰地看到这群摄影家在艺术的王国里以全球视角对人类发展的追问。

巍巍昆仑 李学亮（中国）Kunlun Mountain LI Xueliang (China)

艺术是具有无限性的，当摄影家在进行创作时，可以突破政治、国别、肤色等捆绑，以“人类命运共同体”的价值去思索时，在艺术世界里就实现了“美美与共”。本次节展中，“鸟瞰地球”“四季无限”“工业景观&空间城市”“影像丝路”等几个板块备受人们关注，它们以对自然的歌颂、对城市的反思、对边远地区的关怀、对田园牧歌的赞美、对国际交往的推崇感动着观众的心灵并激发着大家的思考。正如意大利摄影家克罗迪奥·布鲁福勒所说：“作为一个国际摄影艺术展览，本次展览倡导的重要价值就是摄影家的全球化视野，这并不是要求摄影家们放弃自我而盲目追随世界潮流，而是要求他们以清醒的眼光来面对和迎接人类社会的变化，在不断的交流和碰撞中，更新自己的摄影观念，以更宽阔的胸怀展现全世界的面貌。而这种胸怀下产生的作品，是很具有动人力量的。”

注重摄影方向的价值引导

本次摄影节展的主题是“2018与新时代同行”，除了在时代的变革中思考人类未来的命运走向外，关注摄影艺术本身在未来发展的可能性也是其重要价值导向。科技的发展改变着人们的生活方式，日常生活审美化的蔓延似乎也宣告着审美方式的变化，随着摄影人群的扩张，有了手机似乎就可以进行拍摄。那么群众基础如此广泛的前提下，如何推动摄影艺术的科学化发展也是此节展思考的一个核心问题。在“中国第17届国际摄影艺术展览”的评选过程中，评委们从23万幅作品中选取296件进行展出，他们评判标准之一就是这些作品能否对未来摄影的发展带来启发性和引导性。“越是受众广大，我们越是强调其艺术本性，强调摄影家的情感观照和社会关怀，强调他们把对于世界的真实感受说出来，把自己的个性说出来，强调其艺术上的创新，而不是仅仅追求表面的美。”中国摄协主席李舸表示。

在邀请展和交流展中，主办方设计的各个板块也都希望通过展览和研讨的方式对摄影的发展进行引导。“当代影像的界限”以探讨技术对艺术创新的作用，询问用技术扩展摄影艺术的边界是否为今后的趋势；“影像丝路”聚焦“一带一路”沿线的青年摄影家，让我们认识到青年摄影人对于摄影发展的作用；“让世界重现-影像如诗”以诗意化的方法呈现日常生活的细节，倡导摄影的艺术表现；“解构”以实验性的姿态向大家展示了摄影艺术发展的可能性，突出创新在未来的重要作用……这些展览各有侧重、各具风格，代表了各国摄影人对世界摄影今后发展的思考。“2018与新时代同行”不仅仅是简单的口号，而是要求以发展的眼光、以时代的视点来观照摄影艺术的未来。本节展的重要价值导向之一就是探讨这种未来的可能性，以及对摄影人有一定的引导性。

建立多元声音的对话机制

中国国际摄影节自开办起，每届都会邀请一个主宾国的影像展，并邀请世界上各个国家著名摄影家齐聚一堂，互相交流和合作。本次邀请的主宾国是意大利，作为古代丝绸之路的重点和“一带一路”的交汇点，中国和意大利交往日益密切，而意大利悠久的历史和独特的艺术文化底蕴更是为此节展带来了异乡风情。同时，本次节展还注重打破框架，让诸多外国名家和中国摄影人、摄影爱好者、观众面对面交流。在“名家对话”“专家见面会”“名家影像交流”等活动中，我们可以看到雅安·阿瑟斯-贝特朗、让·图克、克罗迪奥·布鲁福勒、安娜·巴洛伊等世界著名摄影师和中国摄影人对话的身影。多种声音交汇、各种观点交锋、多元视线交织，这也是此次摄影节展的一大亮点。

“今天的摄影被认为是21世纪记录社会、表达思想的最好媒介之一。今天的摄影，视野更加宽广、主题更加鲜明，更能激发大家对文化、价值、创新理念的思考。我们希望建立一个国际间摄影人互相交流的平台，通过中外摄影艺术的交流相融、互学互鉴，来丰富当代摄影文化，推动世界摄影文化发展。”李舸说。

People with same interests may not be distant from each other by mountains and rivers. Organized by China Photographers Association and Zhengzhou Municipal People's Government, the 2018 China International Photography Festival and the 17thChina International Photographic Art Exhibition has been held in Zhengzhou of Henan Province on May 18th. As a biennial photography event, this festival demonstrated great diversity. With the joint opening of the 17th China International Photographic Art Exhibition and the 2018 Zhengzhou Image &Video Biennale, each of the 18 sections shined with each other with nine splendid events, striving to present a rich and diverse image and video context for all the audiences and allowing photographers around the world together to focus on the new propositions of the development of the new era and use photography to express their expectation of human development through the art form of photography to build a platform for cultural exchanges.Nowadays as the "Belt and Road Initiative" is in full swing, the international cultural exchanges have become increasingly frequent. How to make the Photography Festival really possess an "Internationalized"level and how to highlight the power of voicefrom China in this festival?

Focus on Human Development with International Perspective

The "Community of Shared Future for Mankind" is the concept proposed by Chinese President XI Jinping in his talk about the future trend of human development. The namely "community"is the commonality, universality and consistency that heralds the fate of all countries and peoples, requiring all countries to treat the future development of human society from the perspective of "Great Harmony" and break boundaries and barriers.The organizers of the photography festival have demonstratedthis international perspective. Whether focusing on the global ecological environment,caring about the survival anxiety of modern urban humanity, whether projecting the customs and practicesfrom the unique perspective of countries along the"Belt and Road" initiative or telling people’s longing for and pursuit of peace,these works, capable of striking beyond the limits of vision,could stand in the position of the whole human being to care about the world, consider problems and find answers, and bring them to the world through photography concerning their perception and examination of the globe. When convening such point into a broad scape via group exhibition,we can clearly observe this group of photographers’ pursuit of human development from a global perspective in the kingdom of art.

Art is infinite. When photographers can break through politics,country boundary and different skin colors and deeply explore in terms of the value of "Community of Shared Future for Mankind",they realize the "Beauty Embraces Diversity and Integrity" in the art world. In this exhibition, several sections,such as "A Bird's-eye View of the Earth", "Infinity of Four Seasons", "Industrial Landscape & Space City", "Image Silk Road" and attracting people's attention,touched the hearts of the audiences and inspired everyone's thinking via their praiseof nature, the reflection of city, the care for the remote areas, the commendation of pastoral and the esteem for international communication. As noted by the Italian photographer Claudio Brufola: "As an international photography art exhibition, the important value promoted in this exhibition is the global vision of photographers. It does not require photographers to give up self-consciousnessto follow the world trend blindly, while they are required to face and embrace the changes of human society with a sober eye, update their concept of photography in the constant exchanges and collisions and display the world with a broader mind. All the works produced under such mind are very moving."

Pay Attention to Value-orientation of Photography’s Direction

The theme of this photography festival, "2018 Walks with the New Era", not only thinks about the fate of the future of mankind in the transformation of the times, but also focuses on the possibility of the development of photographic art itself in the future, which is also its crucial value orientation.The development of science and technology has changed the way of people’s life. The spread of aesthetics in everyday life also seems to announce the changes in the aesthetic approach. With the expansion of the photography crowds, it seems that taking pictures can be accomplished only through mobile phones.Under the premise that the mass base is so broad, how to promote the scientific development of the photographic art is also a core issue of this festival.In the selection process of the"17thChina International Photographic Art Exhibition", the judges have selected 296 artworks from 230,000 pieces for display. One of their criteria was whether these pieces could inspire and guide the development of future photography. "The larger audience is, the more we emphasize its artistic nature, highlighting the photographer's emotional care and social care, that they can speak out the true feelings to the world, their own personalities,and underlining their artistic innovations, which is not just the pursuit of the artificial beauty." said LI Ge, chairman of the China Photographers Association.

古巴螃蟹 亚历山大·梅内吉尼（古巴）Cuban Crab Alexandre Meneghini (Cuba)

In the invitational exhibition and exchange exhibitions, the various sections designed by the organizers were also committed to guiding the development of photography through displays and seminars."Contemporary image boundaries" explores the role of technology in art creation, asking whether the use of technology to extend the boundary of art is the future trend; "Image Silk Road" focuses on young photographers from countries along the Belt and Road Initiative, letting us to acknowledge their role in photography development; "Reproduce the World- Poetic Photography" presents the details of everyday life in a poetic way,advocating the artistic expression of photography; "Deconstruction"shows the possibility of the development of photography in an experimental manner, highlighting the important role of innovation in the future...These exhibitions possess their own emphasis and style, representing the thinking of photographers of various countries on the future development of world photography. "2018 Walks with the New Era" is not just a simple slogan, but to take care of the future of photographic art with developing vision and the perspective of the times. One of the important value orientations of this festival is to explore the possibilities of this future and to guide the photographers.

Establish Multi-voice Dialogue mechanism

Since the inauguration of the China International Photography Festival, each session will invite a guest country for a specific image exhibition, and ask the world's famous photographers to gather together to exchange and cooperate with each other. The guest country this time is Italy. As the focal point of the ancient Silk Road and the meeting point of the "Belt and Road" initiative, China and Italy have become more and more closely linked to each other, and Italy’s long history and unique artistic and cultural heritage are the highlights of this festival,bringing such a foreign style.Meanwhile, this festival also focuses on breaking the framework and allowing many famous foreign artists to meet with Chinese photographers, photography enthusiasts and audiences face to face.We can see Yann Arthus-Bertrand, Jean Turco,Claudio Brufola and Anne Baufolaand many other renowned world photographers and their Chinese peers in activities such as "Dialogues of Famous Artists", "Meeting with Experts" and "Exchanges about Photos by Famous Artists".The convergence of various sounds, viewpoints and multiple lines of vision is one of the highlights of this festival.

"Today's photography is considered to be one of the best media for recording society and expressing ideas in the 21stcentury. Today's photography has broader vision and clearer theme,which inspires people to think deeply about culture, value and innovative ideas. We hope to establish an intercommunion platform for international photographers to enrich the contemporary photography culture and promote the development of that of the world through the exchange of mutual communication and learning from each other in terms of photographic art. " LI Ge said.

鸟瞰地球之一 雅安·阿瑟斯－贝特朗（法国）One of aerial views of the earth Yann Arthus-Bertrand (France)

棋逢对手 贺勋毅Chess opponents HE Xunyi (China)