中国阿拉伯书法共展“东方智慧”

文本刊记者 张亚萌 ZHANG Yameng

“阿拉伯书法线条感强烈，柔中带刚，并且将中国文化中的阴阳结合充分吸收并体现出来。由于书写工具的不同，汉字书法大气、豪迈，泼墨于宣纸之上，而阿拉伯文书法严谨、细腻，通过书写伊斯兰贤哲的箴言，给人们提供了精神上的食粮，展示了伊斯兰文化所蕴含的独特审美。”3月30日，在阿卜杜勒·阿齐兹国王公共图书馆北京大学分馆开馆仪式举办之际，由中国书协、阿卜杜勒·阿齐兹国王公共图书馆北京大学分馆主办的“东方智慧——中沙书法文化交流展”同期开幕，在开幕仪式上，中国书协主席苏士澍向各界嘉宾如此介绍。

此次“东方智慧——中沙书法文化交流展”以文字、作品、文献实物和多媒体技术等手段展示了中国与阿拉伯书法的核心文化理念、艺术特色、经典作品与当代中国、阿拉伯书法家的创作成果。展览以书法艺术为切入点，展示双方的文化渊源和文明成果，是艺术的交流、文明的对话、历史的礼敬。

中国的书法是中华民族在几千年汉字书写的过程中形成的一种独特艺术形式，是东方艺术的代表性元素，有着深厚的文化底蕴和群众基础。汉字通过书写，在完成表情达意的实用功能的同时，以独特的表现形式和笔墨韵律，融入人们对自然、社会、生命以及生活的感悟与思考，从而表达出人们的哲学思想、人格精神与情感意趣。而阿拉伯书法是阿拉伯艺术和伊斯兰文明发展的实录。书法家用敏锐的观察、丰富的想象、严谨的技法和工艺美感，促进了书法艺术的日臻完善。各类书体都具有鲜明的造型规律和严谨的构成规则，其背后隐含着精确的几何概念。每个字母都以点、圆、线作为基本造型因素，将阿拉伯书法追求纯净的线条美发挥到极致。

阿拉伯传统的书法作品，严格依照比例法则，横平、竖直、斜线与曲线之间相切相磋，刻化成文。拓写之后，再行琢磨，对字迹边缘进行修整美化。“如切如磋，如琢如磨”，《诗经》的朴素言说，遥遥回应了阿拉伯书法美学和人生的奥秘。心与物谐，切磋琢磨即是品德修行，精益求精更是心灵净化。

中阿书法艺术都讲究节奏与韵律，前者以运笔的提按起伏和墨色的深浅变化来实现，后者则把相同斜度的字词进行重复有序的排列。对于中阿书法艺术而言，“平衡”都是相对存在的，是诸多不平衡因素依照美的原则组合后达到整体的、全局的平衡。

中阿书法本质相同，虽穷极线条流变和章法演绎，却由“一”而生，由“一”衍化，始终贯穿着东方哲学最高精神“万物归一”之道。苏士澍表示，无论中国书法艺术还是阿拉伯书法艺术，正因为书法所蕴含的体现精神上的智慧与力量，才有了书法艺术传承、发展与繁荣的内在生命力，“东方智慧”才会一脉相承。

"Arabic calligraphy has a strong sense of lines with hardness amid soft genre, and fully absorbs and reflects the combination of Yin and Yang in the Chinese culture.Due to the differences in writing instruments, Chinese characters calligraphy is bold and magnificent, and inked on rice paper, and Arabic calligraphy is rigorous and delicate.Through the writing of Islamic sages’mottos, it provides people with spiritual food and demonstrates the unique aesthetics embodied in Islamic culture."On March 30th, the Oriental Wisdom-Saudi China Calligraphy & Culture Exhibition, organized by China Calligraphers Association and Saudi Arabia King Abdulaziz Public Library-Peking University Branch, has been held amid the opening ceremony of the latter institution. During the occasion, SU Shishu, President of CCA made the remarks to the attending participants.

Demonstrated by means of texts, works, documents, and multimedia techniques, the Oriental Wisdom-Saudi China Calligraphy & Culture Exhibition has showcased the core cultural concepts, artistic characteristics, classic works of Chinese and Arabic calligraphy and the creative achievement of contemporary Chinese and Arabic calligraphers.The exhibition takes calligraphy art as an entry point to showcase the cultural origins of both parties and the achievements of civilization, playing the role as an exchange of art, a dialogue of civilizations and a tribute to history.

Chinese calligraphy, a unique art form established by the Chinese nation in the process of writing Chinese characters for thousands of years, is a representative element of oriental art with a profound cultural heritage and population foundation.Through the writing of Chinese characters, while completing the practical functions of expressions, it integrates people’s perceptions of nature, society, life and living in a unique expression form and brush-and-ink rhythm, thereby expressing people’s philosophical thoughts, personality, emotions andinterests. However, the Arabic calligraphy is an actual record of Arab art and the development of Islamic civilization.The keen observation,rich imagination, rigorous techniques and craftsmanship of calligraphers have contributed to the improvement of calligraphy art. All kinds of styles have distinctive modeling rules and rigorous composition rules,behind which are the precise geometric concepts. Each letter is based on points, circles, and lines as the basic modeling factors, and the pursuit of pure line art in Arabic calligraphy is implemented at its best.

The traditional Arabic calligraphy works are strictly in accordance with the law of proportionality. Horizontal, vertical, oblique and curved lines are tangentially related to each other and are engraved in letters. After writing, people can refine the edges of the handwriting."Study Together and Learn from Each Other",the plain language of the Book of Songs has answered the aesthetics of Arabic calligraphy and the mysteries of life in a remote manner. Harmony of mind and subjects, learning from one another is a practice of moral cultivation, and the refinement is the purification of the soul.

The Chinese and Arabic calligraphy arts both pay attention to rhythm and cadence. The former is based on movements of strokes and inks, while the latter repeats and arranges the words with the same inclination.For Chinese-Arabic calligraphic art, "Balance" is a relative existence, and it is a balance of many unbalanced factors that achieve a holistic and overall status in accordance with the principle of beauty.

The essence of the Chinese and Arabic calligraphy is the same. Although witnessing the extreme lines of rhythm and interpretation of the teachings, they are derived from the "One" followed by the derivative, and they always run through the highest spirit of Eastern philosophy, "Allforone".SU Shishu said that regardless of the Chinese calligraphy art or the Arabic calligraphy art, because of the spiritual wisdom and strength embodied in the calligraphy, there is an inherent vitality in the inheritance, advancement and prosperity of the calligraphy art, hence the "Oriental wisdom" will continue in the continuous lines.

沙特阿拉伯书法家作品Works of Saudi Arabian calligrapher

阿拉伯文书法Arabic calligraphy

杨明臣作品Works of YANG Mingchen

王学岭作品Works of WANG Xueling

展览中带有阿拉伯书法的展品Exhibits with Arabic calligraphy in the exhibition