重点句型用法点拨

福建 李志艳

●句型梳理

1.It is a pity that only six pieces of music in total by Abing were recorded for the future world to hear,but his popularity continues to this day.

It's a pity that...是一个常见的句型,意为“很遗憾……”。其中that引导的是主语从句,it是形式主语,用来代替后面的主语从句,以使句子平衡。例如：

It's a pity that you missed the important meeting held last Sunday.很遗憾你错过了上周日召开的重要会议。

It's a pity that she has made such a mistake.遗憾的是她犯了这样的一个错误。

【真题链接】

—The concert this evening is sure to be exciting.

—But it is a______that I can't go there with you. 【2015·绵阳中考题】

A.joy B.choice C.pity D.case

【答案与解析】C根据句意“——今晚的音乐会一定令人兴奋。——但是很遗憾我不能和你一起去那儿了。”由具体语境可知,本题考查的是“It is a pity that...”句型,意为“很遗憾……”。故选C项。

2.That's how people in Japan are expected to greet each other.

be expected to do sth.意为“被期望做某事；应该做某事”。表示“应该做某事”时,相当于“be supposed to do sth.”形式。例如：

Mike could not be expected to finish all the work alone.不能期望迈克独自完成所有的工作。

The French are expected to kiss when they meet for the first time.=The French are supposed to kiss when they meet for the first time.法国人第一次见面时应该亲吻。

【真题链接】

—Have you telephoned your husband?

—Yes.He is expected______back next week.【2015·河池中考题】

A.to coming B.to come

C.come D.coming

【答案与解析】B 根据答句的句子结构可知本题考查be expected to do sth.句型,答句的意思是“是的。他下周应该会回来”。故选B项。

3.Neither medicine nor rest can help him.

neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”,是并列连词短语,表示否定,通常用来连接两个相同的句子成分。当它连接两个主语时,谓语动词要用肯定形式,并且要与其靠近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如：

In general,the weather in Britain is neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer.一般来说,英国冬天的天气不太冷,夏天的天气也不太热。

There is neither ice-cream nor green tea in the fridge.冰箱里既没有冰淇淋也没有绿茶。

Neither his father nor his mother is going with him.他的父亲和母亲都不打算和他一起去。

Neither my wife nor I have been to Brazil.我妻子和我都没有去过巴西。

【特别提醒】

neither...nor...也可以连接两个句子,但这两个句子都要用倒装语序。例如：

Neither did Eric write to me,nor did he call me.埃里克既没给我写信,也没给我打电话。

【知识拓展】

both...and...是neither...nor...的反义短语,意为“……和……（两者）都”,表示肯定的意思。当both...and...作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如：

Both Tom and Lisa are from the United States.汤姆和丽萨都来自美国。

either...or...意为“要么……要么……；不是……就是……”,连接相同的句子成分，表示选择。当连接两个主语时,谓语动词要与后一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如：

When Maryishappy,she eithersingsor dances.玛丽高兴时,不是唱歌就是跳舞。

Either you or I am going there tomorrow morning.明天上午要么你去那里,要么我去那里。

【真题链接】

1.I could speak______French______Chinese,but luckily I could talk with him in English.【2016·巴中中考题】

A.both;and B.neither;nor

C.either;or

【答案与解析】B both...and...意为“……和……（两者）都”；neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”；either...or...意为“要么……要么……”。根据题干中后一个分句的意思“但是幸运的是,我能用英语和他交谈”可知,题干中前一个分句的意思应该是“我既不会说法语,也不会说汉语”。故选B项。

2.Neither Li Hua nor I______good at writing.【2016·永州中考题】

A.am B.is

C.are

【答案与解析】A neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”,当该短语连接两个主语时,谓语动词要与nor后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。本题中nor后的主语是I,因此be动词用am。故选A项。

3.—When shall we send the washing machine to you,Mrs.Read?

—______on Thursday______on Friday,please.I'll be at home then. 【2016·海南中考题】

A.Either;or B.Neither;nor

C.Both;and

【答案与解析】A either...or...意为“要么……要么……”；neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”；both...and...意为“……和……（两者）都”。问句的意思是“里德夫人,我们什么时候把洗衣机给您送去？”。答句中后一个句子的意思是“那时我在家”,其中的“那时”指的就是前面提到的Thursday和Friday。由此可见,送洗衣机的时间要么是在星期四，要么是在星期五。

4.Both Peter and Tom______from England and English is their native language.【2016·百色市中考题】

A.am B.is

C.are D.be

【答案与解析】C both...and...意为“……和……（两者）都”,当连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

4.I'd rather go to Blue Ocean because I like to listen to quiet music while I'm eating.

would rather意思是“宁愿；宁可”,经常缩写为’d rather形式。would没有人称和数的变化,其后接动词原形。例如：

Mrs.Green would ratherworkin the countryside.格林夫人宁愿在农村工作。

【知识拓展】

would rather与than连用可构成would rather...than....句式,意为“宁愿……而不愿……”,此时would rather和than后面都接动词原形。如果would rather和than后面所接的是同一个动词,那么than后的动词可以省略。would rather...than...也可写成would...rather than...,二者的意思和用法相同。例如：

The children would rather walk than take a bus there.孩子们宁愿步行也不愿乘公共汽车去那里。

They would rather play soccer than(play)volleyball.他们宁愿踢足球,也不愿打排球。

【真题链接】

—Are you going swimming this afternoon?

—I'd rather______with you.【2016·兰州中考题】

A.to go shopping B.go shoping

C.to go shoping D.go shopping

【答案与解析】D 答句中的“I'd rather”是I would rather的缩写形式。would rather意为“宁愿”,后接动词原形,排除A、C两项。shop的动词-ing形式是shopping,排除B项。故选D项。

●跟踪检测

Ⅰ.根据句意,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择适当的答案。

1.My grandma's hobby is______cooking______watching TV.It's square dancing.

A.not only;but also B.neither;nor

C.both;and D.either;or

2.—I have two apples.Which one do you like？

—I'd rather______the smaller one.

A.had B.to have

C.have D.having

3.—Neither Linda nor Susan______the music club because they have no time.

—What a pity!

A.haven't joined B.hasn't joined

C.have joined D.has joined

4.—How about seeing a movie,Jane?

—Well,I would stay at home rather than______to the movies.

A.go B.going

C.goes D.went

Ⅱ.按要求完成句子,每空一词。

5.Neither the father nor the son is interested in the new movie.(改为肯定句)

______ the father______ the son______interested in the new movie.

6.Paul is expected to run every morning.(对画线部分提问)

______is Paul expected____________every morning?

7.很遗憾他们错过了这次出国的机会。(完成译句)

______ ______ ______ ______ thatthey missed the chance of going abroad.

(答案见64页)