“超级全能生” 2018年高考全国卷26省3月联考甲卷(A)英语答案详解

2018-07-24 05:53
教学考试(高考英语) 2018年4期
关键词:皮箱下文辨析

第一部分 听力

1.C 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.A

9.B 10.C 11.B 12.A 13.A 14.A 15.C

16.B 17.A 18.A 19.B 20.C

第二部分 阅读理解

第一节

A

【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了英国皇室最值得旅游的几个景点及其门票价格。

21.C 细节理解题。

【解题思路】通读全文可知,四处景点的共同之处在于它们都与英国皇室有关。故选C。

22.B 短语猜测题。

【解题思路】由第四段“Buckingham Palace, the official London residence of the Queen and Prince Philip,opens to the public when the royals are on summer vacation.You won’t be able to nose around the whole palace. But visitors can admire sumptuous Regency interiors and priceless art in the State Rooms.”可知,白金汉宫是女王和Philip亲王在伦敦的官方住所,王室成员在夏季度假时向公众开放。游客不能在整个宫殿里到处看,但游客们可以欣赏到豪华的摄政时期的内部风格和国事厅里无价的艺术品。由此可知,nose around意为“四处查看”,与B项意思相近。故选B。

23.C 数据计算题。

【解题思路】由Kensington Palace部分中的“Admission:Adults $20(£15.50). Under 16s Free. Tickets are cheaper online.”可知,去肯辛顿宫参观,不满16岁门票免费,两个大人共31英镑,网上订票会更便宜;由此可推知,Green一家网上订票的花费会低于31英镑。故选C。

B

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一位13岁的女孩自愿进入化粪池并在众人的帮助下救一个落入其中的小男孩的故事。

24.C 事实性细节题。

【解题思路】由第一段内容可知,Madison正在卧室学习,突然她妈妈进来尖叫说一个小男孩掉进了化粪池,并向Madison寻求帮助,然后Madison才跑去帮忙。故选C。D项错误是因为Madison的妈妈让她出去帮忙,并不是Madison知道这件事情的方式。

25.D 事实推断题。

【解题思路】由文章第一、二段内容可知,Madison在了解情况后毫不犹豫地做出了救人的举动。由此可推知,Madison是自愿去救小男孩的。故选D。

26.A 细节理解题。

【解题思路】由最后一段尤其是最后一句“It was only when Madison heard him cry that she knew he was all right.”可知,小男孩最后得救了。故选A。

27.D 文章主旨大意题。

【解题思路】通读全文可知,本文讲述了一位13岁的女孩自愿进入化粪池,并在众人的帮助下救了一个落入其中的小男孩的故事。故选D。

C

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了日本餐厅和旅馆用机器人取代服务员和厨师的一种现象。

28.B 目的意图题。

【解题思路】由第一段第一句中的“a restaurant outside Nagasaki, Japan, are greeted by astrange sight...”可知,第一段介绍了一家日本餐厅的奇怪的现象;结合下文内容可推知,第一段的情景描述是为下文做铺垫,旨在引出话题。故选B。

29.D 细节理解题。

【解题思路】由第三段最后一句“But since you can work them 24 hours a day, and they don’t need vacation,eventually it’s more cost’efficient to use the robot.”可知,使用机器人可以减少成本并提高效率。故选D。

30.B 观点态度题。

【解题思路】由第四段内容可知,这似乎是一种未来最适合日本的愿景。根据麦肯锡全球研究所的合作伙伴Michael Chui的说法,在食品服务行业和旅店行业的许多任务都是很容易实现自动化的;另据Chui的最新研究,在美国餐馆和酒店的工作中,有54%的工作可以使用现有的技术,使其成为美国第四大自动化行业。由此可知,作者对自动化的态度是积极乐观的。故选B。

31.D 标题概括题。

【解题思路】通读全文内容可知,本文主要介绍了日本餐厅和旅馆用机器人取代服务员和厨师的一种现象,以及一些人对未来自动化发展的预测。D项最适合做本文标题。故选D。

D

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了狗作为一种实验对象被用于科学研究的情况。

32.A 事实性细节题。

【解题思路】由第一段内容尤其是第二句中的“and the latter is often dogs, due to their ready availability, as well as their trusting and social nature, which makes them easy to handle”可知,监管部门要求药物必须在啮齿类动物和非啮齿类动物身上进行毒性测试,而后者通常就是狗,因为它们随时可被用,而且还有值得信任的群居天性,这使得它们很容易被控制。故选A。

33.A 正误判断题。

【解题思路】由第一段第二句可知,狗是非啮齿类动物,因此A项错误。故选A。

34.A 事实推断题。

【解题思路】由最后一段最后一句中的“dogs from Class A dealers have good health and good care”可知,从一级经销商那里买来的狗的健康状况良好。故选A。

35.C 文章出处题。

【解题思路】结合全文内容可知,本文是一篇说明文,符合科技报道的特点,所以最有可能出自一篇科技报道。故选C。

【长难句分析】The majority of dogs used in research,upwards of 75%, are estimated(估计) to be used in pharmaceutical testing(临床试验), even though many scientists have concluded that they are poor predictors of drug effects in the human body.(第一段第一句)

分析:本句是复合句。even though引导让步状语从句;that引导宾语从句,作concluded的宾语。

译文:尽管许多科学家已经得出结论:狗不是药效是否在人体内起作用的好的预测者,但是据估计超过75%的大部分狗还是被用于临床试验。

词汇积累:predictor n.有预测作用的事物

regulatory adj.具有监管权的,监管的

authority n.当局,权威

第二节

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,简要列举了五条如何在课堂上集中注意力的建议。

36.A

【解题思路】空格处为本段的主题句。根据下文可知,本段主要讲课堂上尽量不要与朋友坐在一起,因为与周围的朋友交谈会分散你的注意力。故选A。

37.E

【解题思路】上文提到,课堂上老师不单是站在那儿讲话;空格处顺接上文,进一步说明老师其实是在努力让自己教授的内容得到学生的接受和认可。故选E。

38.B

【解题思路】上文提到,课堂上要记下老师所讲的重点。B项“这能帮助你更聚精会神地听讲”总结上文,说明记笔记的好处。故选B。

39.C

【解题思路】本段主题是要积极加入课堂讨论,即当老师提出问题时,要主动回答。如果老师询问大家的观点,要勇于分享自己的想法。故选C。

40.G

【解题思路】根据本段主题句可知,本段主要讲课堂上如果有不懂的地方,要敢于提问。故选G。

第三部分 语言知识运用

第一节

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者喜欢用拍照来记录生活中那些令人惊叹的事物。有一次去父母家,他拍下了一个旧皮箱的照片,并从这个旧皮箱中了解了父亲早年去美国时所经历的苦难和喜悦。

41.C 考查名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据下文中的“a pretty big wonder”和“miracle(不可思议的东西)”可知,作者总会拍摄生活中一些小的令人惊叹的事物。故选C。

42.D 考查名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据第三段第三句中的“he would become an excellent engineer”可知,作者的父亲年轻时是一名工程师。故选D。

43.A 考查动词辨析。

【解题思路】句意为:我照了一张我后来把它看作是一个非常神奇的东西的照片。故选A。

44.D 考查名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据下文“It was just a brown suitcase with two silver locks up on the top.”及语境可知,这个箱子乍一看很普通。at first sight意为“乍一看”,符合语境。故选D。

45.B 考查形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据上文及下文的“But to me, it’s what a miracle(不可思议的东西) looks like.”可知,它只是一个普通的箱子,但对作者而言,它是一个神奇的东西。故选B。

46.B 考查副词辨析。

【解题思路】根据本句中的转折连词“But”及语境可知,对于作者而言,这个皮箱就是一件神奇的、不可思议的东西。故选B。

47.C 考查动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据下文描述可知,作者的父亲应该是在年轻时从土耳其搬到了美国。故选C。

48.A 考查名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据语境可知,作者的父亲当年搬到美国时不过是一个19岁的男孩,他甚至连一个英语单词都不会。故选A。

49.A 考查动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据上文可知,作者的父亲去了美国,所以此处应指他离开了自己的朋友和家人。故选A。

50.B 考查形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据空格后的“he would become an excellent engineer one day”可知,作者的父亲漂洋过海到美国,希望成为一名优秀的工程师。故选B。

51.C 考查名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据空格后列举的“many black-andwhite photos from home and his science and math textbooks”可知,皮箱里放着很多照片和课本,这些对父亲来说都是最珍贵的物品。故选C。

52.D 考查副词辨析。

【解题思路】根据下文可知,作者小时候并没有特别注意过这个被放在他的书架顶上的旧皮箱;由此可知,他对这个旧皮箱的记忆是模糊的。故选D。

53.A考查动词(短语)辨析。

【解题思路】根据上文“It lived on the top of my bookcase.”和下文的“though”可知,尽管作者知道有这么一个箱子,但是他从未过多关注过它。故选A。

54.C 考查形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据下文描述的多年后作者打开皮箱发现了里面的东西及上文描述的作者小时候从未过多关注这个箱子可知,作者直到长大之后,才询问父亲有关这个皮箱的故事。故选C。

55.B 考查名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据空格后的“my parents wrote to each other, back and forth between the U.S. and Turkey”可知,皮箱中存放着很多父亲去美国后与留在土耳其家里的母亲写给彼此的书信。故选B。

56.D 考查动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据语境可知,作者多年后才了解了这个旧皮箱的故事,这时他意识到这个看起来又旧又脏的皮箱是多么的美丽。故选D。

57.A 考查名词辨析。

【解题思路】皮箱是父亲早年去美国时用的,它陪伴父亲经历了年轻时奋斗的时光,它对作者一家有着特殊的意义。这个皮箱就像一个起提醒作用的东西,提醒作者一家他们早年的生活。故选A。

58.B 考查动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据上文的“hardships”及下文的“how they got through them all”可知,此处指作者父母遭受了苦难。故选B。

59.D 考查动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据上文的“all the wonderful things”可知,这个皮箱不仅提醒着作者当年父母所经受的苦难,也记录着他们所经历的美好的事。故选D。

60.C 考查动词(短语)辨析。

【解题思路】作者的父亲曾经梦想当一名工程师,后来他的梦想实现了。故选C。

第二节

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。11岁的聪明女生Gitanjali Rao受母亲用仪器来测定水中铅含量的启发,决心发明一种更有效的装置。通过她个人的不断实验,以及在一些科学家的帮助下,她终于实现了自己的梦想。

61.equipment 考查词性转换。

【解题思路】所填词作及物动词“using”的宾语,应用名词形式,且equipment是不可数名词。故填equipment。

62.decided 考查一般过去时。

【解题思路】根据上文中的“wasn’t”可知,此处应用一般过去式表示过去发生的动作。故填decided。

63.in考查固定搭配。

【解题思路】take part in是固定搭配,意为“参加”。故填in。

64.was selected 考查一般过去时和被动语态。

【解题思路】分析句子结构可知,主语“she”与select之间是动宾关系,因此应用被动语态;结合上下文时态可知,应用一般过去时。故填was selected。

65.systems 考查名词的单复数。

【解题思路】根据前面的“Thousands of”及谓语动词“are”可知,此处应用system的复数形式。故填systems。

66.the 考查定冠词。

【解题思路】此处要用定冠词特指被污染的水。故填the。

67.successfully 考查词性转换。

【解题思路】所填词作状语修饰动词“found”,因此应用所给词的副词形式。故填successfully。

68.which考查非限制性定语从句。

【解题思路】分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,指代“a device”,且在从句中作主语。故填which。

69.linked 考查过去分词。

【解题思路】所填词作定语,且与其逻辑主语“sensor”之间是动宾关系,因此应用所给词的过去分词形式。故填linked。

70.herself考查反身代词。

【解题思路】由语境可知,此处表示“亲自”,应用she的反身代词形式。故填herself。

第四部分 写作

第一节 短文改错

第一处考查介词的多余。

【解题思路】be afraid that...为固定句型,意为“害怕……”,that后接从句,故此处of多余。故将of删掉。

第二处考查反身代词与人称代词之间的误用。

【解题思路】此处指“我”害怕牙医会伤害“我”。动词“hurt”后跟人称代词I的宾格形式。故将myself改为me。

第三处考查冠词的缺失。

【解题思路】此处指牙疼。have a toothache为固定用法。故在had后面加a。

第四处考查可数名词单复数的误用。

【解题思路】此处指“我”所有的牙,应用复数形式。故将tooth改为teeth。

第五处考查情态动词误用。

【解题思路】句意为:他们本该在我小时候照顾好我的牙齿,那么现在我就不会这么疼了。此处应用would/should/could/might do sth.表示对现在的虚拟。

第六处考查形容词和副词之间的误用。

【解题思路】此处修饰动词“remember”,应用副词形式。故将clear改为clearly。

第七处考查there be句型。

【解题思路】分析句子结构可知,此处为there be句型。故将Here改为There。

第八处考查并列连词误用。

【解题思路】根据上文的“asign that said‘PAINLESS DENTIST,UPSTAIRS’”及下文的“there was no upstairs”可知,前后句为转折关系。故将and改为but。

第九处考查语法一致。

【解题思路】此处主语为“someone”,谓语动词应用单三形式。故将want改为wants。

第十处考查非谓语动词误用。

【解题思路】分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词,且与其逻辑主语“dentist”之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词形式。故将put改为putting。

第二节 书面表达

【写作指导】本篇书面表达要求考生回一封电子邮件。根据题目要求可知,时态应以一般现在时为主,人称以第一人称为主、第二人称为辅。回信中一定要包含所给的三个要点,内容可适当扩充,增加一些细节,不要逐句翻译要点。例如:文章开头第一段,考生可以从表达思念之情着手,也可以从表达收到来信时的心情(I’m glad/happy/pleased to receive your letter.)起笔,叙述来信内容;第二段介绍自己现在的一些情况,尤其是学习情况:作为高三学生,理应为高考做准备;第三段回忆过去,感谢外教曾经给予的帮助,通过赠送自己的书法作品来表示感谢;最后,以祝愿的形式结尾。

One possible version

Dear Paul,

How time flies! It’s more than one year since we got separated. I still clearly remember the days when we were together.

You know, I’m now in Senior 3 and the college entrance examination is drawing near. So I must try my best to prepare for it. To my delight, everything goes well. After class, I play basketball with my classmates to relax myself as usual.

Thanks to your help, I have made great progress in English. I even got the first prize in the last speech competition held in our school. To express my gratitude, I will send you one of my Chinese calligraphy works.

Hope everything is going smoothly!

Yours,Li Hua

听力录音材料

Text 1

W:Anything else?

M:One last thing. How much holiday time do you give your employees every year?

W:Our employees receive fifteen days of paid vacation every year.

Text 2

W:I need to find a new place to live. It’s really boring to live with my roommates.

M:Well, check the newspaper.

W:I did. I didn’t realize asingle bedroom apartment went for so much these days.

Text 3

W:Oh! I have a terrible toothache.

M:You should go to the dentist, though you hate dentists.

W:Well, I’d rather suffer than go to the dentist.

Text 4

W:There’s another traffic jam on the highway. We’re going to be stuck in this for a while. I wonder if there’s an accident.

M:No. There are simply too many people and too many cars. Well, let’s put on some music.

Text 5

W:What are you studying all day long for? It’s summer vacation!

M:I know, but I’m taking this training course in math.I have to take my exams to get into the university, so I need to prepare.

Text 6

W:Dad, do you know where Mom is?

M:Hi, Sue. She is in her room putting something together for you to take to the college.

W:Shed’ better not start crying like she usually does.

M:I know, but she is going to miss you awfully. I’ve told you wer’e proud of you. I mean it. You have really shown us that you are prepared to live independently.

W:Thanks, Dad.

Text 7

W:Calvin, how much money did you spend last weekend?

M:I’m not sure, Mum. Let me check, I think I spent $100.

W:Why don’t you help me save money? You kids are always spending such a lot.

M:I know that I should learn how to save more, but I hope that I can spend a little on myself sometimes.

W:I’m sorry. I guess I’m too extreme when it comes to saving money.

M:That’s okay. I’m sorry, too. It’s a good idea to prepare for the future possibilities.

Text 8

W:We can’t go that way. The road is blocked for the next six days.

M:Oh, that’s right. They’re filming a movie up there,aren’t they?

W:Some very thrilling scenes will be shot there, I think,like car racing.

M:I wonder how all the businesses in the area feel about that.

W:I think that they get well paid for that.

M:The movie company has to pay them?

W:I don’t know about all of that, but think about it, their business gets advertised free of charge!

M:Oh, yeah, they get to be in a movie for the whole world to see!

Text 9

W:Tony, the basketball game is about to start. You may bring some chips and a bowl of ice cream, and a pizza from the fridge.

M:They’re organizing a company basketball team, and I’m thinking about joining. I was the star player in high school,you know.

W:That was twenty-five years ago. I just don’t want you to have a heart attack running up and down the court.

M:So, you mean I should just abandon the idea? I’m not that out of shape.

W:Well, you ought to at least have a physical exam before you begin. I mean, it’s been at least five years since you played. And you need to watch your diet and cut back on the fatty foods, like ice cream.

M:Yeah, you’re probably right.

W:Oh, and you need to go to bed early instead of watching TV half the night.

M:Hey, you’re starting to sound like my personal fitness instructor!

W:No, I want you to be with us for a long time.

Text 10

As a child, Alain Robert was afraid of heights. One day,when he was 12, he returned home from school. At the front door of his building, he couldn’t find his keys. It was 3:30 and his parents worked until 6:00 pm. Alain looked at his apartment on the eighth floor. Seeing an open window, he closed his eyes and imagined himself climbing the building.When he opened his eyes, he told himself, “I can do it.”Fifteen minutes later, he was in his house and his fear of heights was gone. Today, Alain still climbs buildings. In 2003,he climbed a building in London dressed as Spiderman to advertise the movie. In 2004, he climbed Taipei 101, one of the tallest buildings in the world. To reach the top of the building,Alain uses only his hands and special shoes. He has no rope or other safety tools.

Alain climbs as a hobby. He also does it to make money for charity. When he climbs, he wants to send a message to people: If you have a dream—something you really want to do—it can become real. But you must be brave and keep trying. If something bad happens, don’t give up. Close your eyes and tell yourself, “I can do it.”

(本套联考试题为杂志社第三阶段原创研发项目“英语D 3全国卷2”研发组成果,关注杂志官方订阅号,回复“3月联考甲卷听力”即可获得听力音频)

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