重点单词
1. organize v. (=organise) 组织;筹备
Ill invite people if you can organize food and drinks.
如果你能备办饮食,我就负责请人。
(1) organize a party/trip 组织聚会/旅行
(2) organize well/badly 组织周密/不好
(1) organizer/organiser n. 组织者
(2) organized/organised adj. 有条理的;安排有序的
(3) organization/organisation n. 组织;团体;机构
2. upset adj. 难过;失望;沮丧
Dont get so upset.
别这么沮丧。
be upset with sb 生某人的气
She is still upset with me.
她还在生我的气。
3. advice n. 劝告;建议
advise v. 劝告;建议
advice为不可数名词;advise为及物动词,后常跟名词、代词、动词的-ing形式或宾语从句。advise是advice的动词形式,均意为“劝告;建议”。
Could you please give us some advice?
你可以给我们一些建议吗?
He advises students about common problems.
他就一些常见的问题给了学生们建议。
(1) a piece of advice 一条建议
(2) ask sb for advice/ask advice of sb 向某人征求意见
(3) follow sbs advice 接受某人的意见
(4) give sb advice on sth 就某事向某人提建议
(5) take ones advice 听取某人的建议
(6) advise sb (not) to do sth 建议某人(不)做某事
4. unless conj. 除非;如果不
unless在句中引导条件状语从句,相当于if... not。
I wont go to the party unless Tom invites me.
= If Tom doesnt invite me, I wont go to the party.
如果汤姆不邀请我的话,我是不会去参加那个聚会的。
注意:unless引导的从句可放在主句之后,也可以放在主句之前。当主句用一般将来时或是祈使句时,从句用一般现在时。
5. certainly adv. 无疑;肯定;当然;行
certainly用于修饰动词时,表示同意所陈述的事或确信某事是真实的。certainly意为“当然”时是非正式用语,多见于口语;意为“必定”时是正式用语,口语和书面语均可使用。
certainly在句中的位置:如果有助动词(be,do,have等),一般放于助动词之后;如果表示否定,一般放于助动词之前;也可位于句首或句末,表示强调。
He has almost certainly blown his chance of touring India this winter.
他几乎肯定失去了今年冬天去印度旅行的机会。
— In any case you remained friends.
— Certainly.
— 无论如何,你们都是好朋友吧。
— 那当然。
certain adj. 确实;确定;肯定
辨析:certainly,for certain和of course
certainly作修饰词时一般位于be动词、情态动词或助动词之后,实义动词之前,表示“确定无疑”;for certain一般放在句末作状语,表示“肯定地,确定无疑地”;而of course表示通常、显见或众所周知的事实,意为“一定,当然”,在句中位置比较灵活。
This was almost certainly the high-water mark of her career.
这几乎肯定是她事业的巅峰。
Hill had to find out for certain.
希尔得弄个清楚。
The only honest answer is, of course, yes.
唯一诚实的回答自然是“是”。
6. angry adj. 发怒的;生气的
(1) be/get angry with sb 生某人的气
My best friend is angry with me.
我最好的朋友在生我的气。
(2) be/get angry at/about sth 因某事而生氣
He got angry at her answer.
他对她的答复很生气。
(1) angrily adv. 愤怒地;生气地
(2) anger n. 怒;愤怒
7. careless adj. 粗心的;不小心的
(1) careless在句中可作定语。
A careless driver is a danger to us all.
粗心的司机对我们大家都是一种危险。
(2) careless在句中可作表语。
He used to be careless about his speech.
他以前说话常大大咧咧的。
(1) be careless about/in 对……粗心的,对……漫不经心的
(2) be careless of ones health 不爱惜身体
(3) be careless with ones money 随便花钱
(1) care v. 关心;担心
(2) careful adj. 小心的(与careless互为反义词)
(3) be careful 小心(可单独使用)
(4) be careful of 注意……
(5) be careful with 小心使用……
(6) carefully adv. 小心地;谨慎地
8. mistake n. 错误;失误
Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistakes himself.
她的爸爸说他自己有时也会犯粗心的错误。
(1) make a mistake/mistakes 犯错误
(2) by mistake 错误地(不是故意做某事)
9. trust v. 相信;信任
If you break your word,he will never trust you again.
如果你不守信,他决不会再相信你。
Everything went all right, I trust.
但愿一切都进展顺利。
trust in sb/sth 相信/信任某人/某事
trust n. 信任,信赖;可信赖的人
10. experience n. 经验;经历
(1) experience意为“经验”时,是不可数名词。
Experience is the best teacher.
经验是最好的老师。
(2) experience意为“经历”时,是可数名词。
I had a very interesting experience in Beijing.
我在北京有过一次很有趣的经历。
experience v. 经历(及物动词)
Have you ever experienced failure?
你曾经历过失败吗?
11. halfway adj. & adv. 在中途;部分地做(或达到)
Theyre halfway to finishing the job.
他们离完成这项工作还有一半的进程。
She lost her way halfway to the zoo.
她在去动物园的路上迷路了。
be halfway to doing sth 完成某事的一半
重点短语
1. keep... to oneself 保守秘密
I have to tell someone. I cant keep it to myself.
我得找人说说,我心里憋不住。
2. in half 分成两半
Please cut the orange in half.
请把这个橙子切成两半。
(1) cut... in half 把……切成两半
(2) divide... in half 把……分成两半
活学活用:
1. Actually I rang you for some ____ (advice).
Could you please ____ (advice) me what to do?
2. Dont be ____ (care) about your work.
I asked her to be more ____ (care) in future.
3. The teacher was angry ____ him because he made faces in class.
A. at B. with
C. in D. about
4. Im going to make a soccer team. Can you help me ____ it?
A. keep B. play
C. organize D. join
用介词填空。
5. I would never trust ____ what you said to me.
基本语法
if 引导的条件状语从句
1. if引导的条件状语从句的位置
if引导的条件状语从句既可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后。位于主句前时,从句与主句之间用逗号隔开;位于主句后时,中间不用任何标点符号。
If it rains tomorrow, Ill go to school by bus.
= Ill go to school by bus if it rains tomorrow.
如果明天下雨,我就乘公交车去上学。
2. if引导的条件状语从句的时态
主句用一般将来时,if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
If it is hot, well go swimming.
如果天气热,我们就去游泳。
3. if引导的条件状语从句的省略
如果条件状语从句由if引导,从句的主语与主句的主语一样,或是it,从句中又有连系动词be,此时条件状语从句可以用省略形式。
Ill buy a computer if necessary.
如果有需要的话我会买一台电脑。
4. if引导的条件状语从句的转换
(1) 祈使句 + and/or陈述句,该结构中祈使句在意义上实际相当于条件状语从句,两者可以互相转换。
Use your head, and youll find a way.
= If you use your head, youll find a way.
Hurry up, or youll be late.
= If you dont hurry up, youll be late.
(2) unless意為“除非;如果不……”,表示否定条件时,相当于if...not。
Unless you study hard, you will fail the exam.
= If you dont study hard, you will fail the exam.