静夜中,那不灭的灯光

2017-09-07 20:05林中牧
文化交流 2017年9期
关键词:温州市书架书房

林中牧

窗外,车水马龙,霓虹闪烁。窗内,灯火通明,一片静谧。40岁的徐慧玲,正托着一本《人类简史》,沉浸在纸张的窸窣声里。一旁,几个初三的学生,正低头伏案,笔尖沙沙作响。

入夜,熙熙攘攘的温州闹市,一间临街的书房内,醉人的书香,温暖的灯光,包围着遨游书海的阅读者。这是温州市首家城市书房——縣前头书房。

3年前,敢为天下先的温州人,在公共文化服务领域推出一项创新之举:开出全开放、纯公益、24小时不打烊的实体图书馆——城市书房。

到今年,温州市已建成27家城市书房,有197万人次享受了城市书房的便利,外借图书103.8万册,办理借书证4.1万张。用图书业内人士的话说,其产生的服务效益相当于一座建筑面积一万平方米的中型图书馆。同时,城市书房还获得“浙江省宣传思想文化系统十大创新项目”“第三批国家公共文化服务体系示范项目”等荣誉。

去年,文化部国家公共文化服务体系建设专家委员会主任李国新参观完温州城市书房后,忍不住感慨:温州城市书房是与小康社会发展水平相适应的公共布局、环境和服务的转型升级,提升了图书馆的社会地位,为业界提供了可复制可借鉴的办馆模式。

长明瓯江两岸的阅读灯火,像一粒粒春种,播撒在城市文化的土壤中,拔节生长成城市居民心灵的栖息地。

独辟蹊径,让阅读不打烊

“咣当——”,县前头老街内,文印铺的职员拉起厚重的卷帘门。城市开始慢慢苏醒、变得喧嚣。斜对面,圆拱形的落地窗内,排排桌椅前,坐满了人。这会儿,门卫鲁家亮已将读者归还的书籍整齐地摆上了书架。

这是温州开出的第一家城市书房,3年来,清晨推门而入、夜半仍未还家的读者常坐在这里,徜徉在书的海洋里。一侧书库内低矮老旧的书架,似乎诉说着这间书房的前世今生。

“把这里交与你,我放心。”作为县前头图书馆的老门卫,鲁家亮忘不了,2014年4月16日,城市书房开张时,温州市图书馆馆长胡海荣的托付。这份信任变成鲁家亮肩上的责任,这位老门卫将城市书房当作自己的家,一守就是三个春秋。

温州城市书房的想法源于北京三联韬奋书店。2014年,三联韬奋书店推出24小时不打烊服务后,胡海荣立刻就想到了每年读者见面会上的诉求:能否延长图书馆开放时间?

“当时,温州图书馆县前头分馆一楼租出去的3间门店正好到期。干脆收回来,将门店打通,做成全自助、24小时不打烊的图书馆,让市民的心灵有个栖息地。”胡海荣说。

创新与梦想,让这个街头图书馆走进温州人的视野。巨大的落地橱窗,舒适的软面沙发,木制纹理书架,门口摆放着自助办证机、自助借还机、数字资源查询机等先进电子设备。一刷卡,书房门自动开合。这个占地150平方米的图书馆开张后,56个座位常常爆满。

随后,市长热线和图书馆热线均收到了许多这样的诉求:“能否多开几家不打烊的书房?”“可不可以在我家小区旁边也开一家”……

名家助力,打造时尚文艺书房

温州市鹿城区,瓯江两岸最繁华的市中心。这里高楼鳞次栉比,而在车水马龙的街角,十几家别致精巧的城市书房闪烁着彻夜不息的暖色灯光,让整个城区褪去嘈杂,如水般温润如玉。

“典雅、别致、时尚,这些城市书房,比街角的咖啡店更文艺。”在鹿城区文广新局旁一间70平方米的城市书房,来来往往的行人都会被其吸引,因为她太美、太雅致。

这间城市书房原本是鹿城区文广新局的食堂。2015年,文广新局作出表率,想要将食堂改为城市书房。而那时,鹿城区正好引进了海外工程师托马斯(Thomas Austerveil)。

今年40岁的托马斯,先后就读于美国康奈尔大学和瑞士洛桑联邦理工学院,对“可持续发展和建筑”深有研究,还创立了建筑公司。于是,经验丰富、理念前卫的托马斯就作为设计师,与城市书房结下不解之缘。

按照要求,城市书房需配置1万册图书。如何在70平方米的空间内安放1万册图书,同时还能让读者悠然舒适地阅读呢?为了解决这个问题,托马斯花了不少心思。

他将书架设计成两层,由一侧旋转楼梯连通,大大开拓了使用空间。4米多的层高,被隔成两层,也留出能供40余人阅读的桌椅摆放区域。托马斯说,他的设计灵感源于母校康奈尔大学,用书架隔出阅读区,仿佛让读者置身书中,被知识包围。

除了空间布局外,小小书房内藏乾坤。托马斯将所学的可持续性建筑理念用到极致,在设计中充分将建筑物与环境结合。

一方面是自然光的运用。他在临街面大片采用透明玻璃,增强采光度,路人透过窗户就能看到书房内部。“从白天到晚上,读者在这里看书都能感受到自然的变化。”而精心设计的雨棚,既保证室内采光,又能遮挡一部分阳光,防止室内过热。

这样的遮阳设计,能减少之前耗电量的50%;书房最上面可以打开的玻璃窗,能实现通风与昼夜冷热交替的功效,“因此1年中有一半的时间,城市书房内不用开空调”。

另一方面是环保材料地板,书房地面用木头与白蓝相间的正方形瓷砖拼接在一起,风格清新。托马斯说,这些木头是回收来的废旧木板再利用,而瓷砖是他个人设计的专利产品,每一块砖面图案都是不规则的,彰显设计风格。

在这里,木桌上每一盏台灯都采用暖光,翠绿色的吊兰从书架边缘垂下,窗外的阳光斜照进书房。置身其间,书香沁脾,仿佛清风拂面。这间城市书房甚至成为临街一景,一些年轻人还专程赶到这里来拍婚纱照。

此外,在温州市梦多多小镇,商场运营方森马集团将位于一楼的最旺商铺拿出来,按照儿童乐园的风格装修成城市书房,各类卡通玩偶和贴花设计让书房童趣十足;在瓯海区南塘一组团小区,业主们主动要求将临街商铺改为城市书房,建成了典雅舒适的美式城市书房;在东瓯智库产业园,由旧厂房改造而成的城市书房,为附近居民打造了一片温馨的场所。

27家城市书房还利用爱心志愿者、社区义工等社会力量,参与图书整理、秩序维护和管理,将书房打造成为闹市中的一方优雅之地。

文化灯塔,闪耀城市之美

文化是一個城市生命力、创造力与凝聚力的所在,在拔地而起的高楼间,作为文化的载体之一,城市书房成为城市的“文化灯塔”。27座精巧文雅的“文化灯塔”矗立在温州市民身边,配合其他文化公共设施,在温州市区打造起“15分钟文化圈”,让百姓俯仰之间皆能闻到文化的气息、感受城市的文明。

而这座灯塔,点燃的不仅仅是温州人畅游书海的热情,更是催生市民慎独、自律与文明的火花。

在这里,书房尊重任何一个人享受阅读和奉献爱心的权利。所以,我们看到,不少外来务工者惬意地坐在书桌前享受那一抹悠闲的时光。而70岁的老伯孙松涛为了当好志愿者,大字不识的他不仅在A4纸上画上书架,标上“A-Z”,以记清图书摆放的位置,还每天定时来到书房,维护书房环境。

我们看到,住在联合大厦的温州商人龚小萍每晚都自愿到楼下的大南城市书房打扫卫生,她说:“我们这一代只做生意不读书,不能让下一代也这样。”我们还看到,在温州大罗山山脚,京山村村民陈春利用自家房屋开起了民宿后,也主动找到温州市文广新局领导,说“我家里还有很大一块空间,拿出来给你们做书房吧”……

城市书房,让不同年龄、职业的人开始享受书本阅读的乐趣,在阅读中与自己对话,与流淌的历史、人文对视,在阅读中,一个城市的文化底蕴与文明素养正在慢慢升腾。

同时,温州的城市书房从一个地域文化现象,逐渐辐射各地,引领多地城市文化新风尚。在省内,杭州、宁波等地开始推广城市书房建设经验,计划到明年底全省建成100家城市书房。在省外,山东威海、江苏扬州等10多个城市陆续启动城市书房建设。

今年,温州市文广新局准备将城市书房的模式推广到中心城镇,建成20个百姓书屋。接下来,城市书房将持续扩容,提供读书会、非遗文化、瓯越文化等多元文化服务。城市书房将不仅仅是个人的阅读空间,更是相互分享知识的新舞台。

阅读,在温州正如同呼吸一般,成为许多人的日常需要。如果说城市书房是温州人创作的一首诗歌,那她才刚刚开始吟唱。

40-year-old Xu Huiling is enjoying her nightly reading at the ‘Xianqiantou Reading Room, the first one launched in Wenzhou to start the citys ‘City Reading Room campaign. Started three years ago, the reading room is open 24 hours and free to all people in Wenzhou. The 27 reading rooms set up across the city over the past three years have registered 1,970,000 visits and issued 41,000 library cards.

The project is valued by Li Guoxin, an official with the Ministry of Culture, as “a replicable mode for library management innovation”. For the ordinary people in Wenzhou, the more tangible significance of the campaign is that it is sowing the seeds of reading in the citys cultural soil from which beautiful flowers will be blooming.

The reading room at Xiantiantou, the first one of the project, is a dream of Hu Hairong – director of Wenzhou Library – coming to life, and is the second home of Lu Jialiang, the doorkeeper of the place. Inspired by the ‘24-hour Zhou Taofen Bookstore in Beijing, Hu Hairong made use of the space vacated by the three stores whose lease contracts had just expired on the first floor of the Xianqiantou Branch of the Wenzhou Library to test the water of a cultural campaign he had been thinking about for a long time. The result was a 24-hour reading space based on self-service. With a seating capacity of 56 people, the ‘new-concept reading room has been well-received and triggered a new trend of cultural life in Wenzhou. The citys Mayor Hotline and the hotline of Wenzhou Library have been kept busy by people calling in to inquire about possibilities of opening more such 24-hour places in their communities.

One of the reading rooms in Lucheng District is a remake of the canteen of the districts Media Bureau. The artsy place is designed by 40-year-old architect Thomas Austerveil, a specialist in ‘sustainable architecture. Drawing inspiration from the library of his alma mater Cornell University, he found a beautiful way to put 10,000 volumes of books and a seating capacity of more than 40 people into this 70-square-meter space. The highlight of his design is a two-storied reading room that creates a cozy atmosphere for readers to feel surrounded by books and immersed in knowledge. The library is also a masterpiece of lighting design by the 40-year-old American designer.

The design that maximizes the use of natural light shows the designers stunning creativity in energy-saving. The flooring is a combination of recovered environmentally friendly wood planks and ceramic tiles designed by the architect himself.

Volunteers and community workers are contributing to the book management and services of the 27 ‘reading rooms.

‘Culture is a defining force of the vitality, creativity and cohesion of a city. In this sense, the 27 ‘reading rooms are lighthouses that are shedding the cultural light over the city for all people in Wenzhou to share. The ‘lighthouses are contributing to the citys ‘15-minute walk access to the joy of reading and the beauty of culture. The reading rooms are open to people of all ages and from all walks of life - from children, migrant workers to retirees. Through the rebuilding of the habit of reading, a more self-disciplined and civilized society is taking shape.

Hangzhou, Ningbo and many other cities are following the example set by Wenzhou, planning to make the total number of reading rooms across Zhejiang Province reach 100 by the end of 2018. The project has also kicked off in a dozen cities in other provinces, including Weihai in Shandong Province and Yangzhou in Jiangsu Province.

In Wenzhou, the project is entering its second phase with the launch of many new services. ‘Reading is becoming part of the everyday city life, something as natural as breathing.

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