中考英语动词真题解析和演练

2017-04-13 23:18侯冬意
中学生英语·中考指导版 2017年3期
关键词:单数第三人称时态

侯冬意

解答動词类题,不仅需要对动词词汇和短语的记忆和积累,还应注意以下几点:找出时间状语,结合语境,确定相应的时态;根据主语的单、复数来确定动词的单复数;判断主语和谓语动词的关系,来确定是主动语态还是被动语态。检查时,应注意单词的拼写,尤其是不规则动词的过去式、过去分词;还应注意所填或所选的词或者短语与上下文提供的语境是否相符,尤其是完形填空中,回头看上下文尤为重要。

【真题解析】

1. —Tom, lets hang out after school.

—Sorry. I have ____ Frank to work on the biology report with him. (2016厦门)

A. advised B. expected C. promised

【答案】C

【解析】该题考查的是动词的辨析。advise意为“建议”;expect意为“期待”;promise意为“承诺”。根据问句句意“汤姆,咱们放学后出去玩吧”以及答句中的“对不起”和“和他一起做生物学报告”,可推测本题应填词义为“承诺”,结合山下文可知该处应使用现在完成时,因此正确答案为C。

2. Their football team was ____ in that important game. (2016山东威海)

A. won B. beaten C. failed

【答案】B

【解析】该题考查的是动词的辨析。win意为“赢得比赛”,后接宾语时一般接某比赛;beat意为“打败;战胜”;fail意为“失败”,是不及物动词。根据主语Their football team,结合was可知本句是一般过去时的被动语态,其中Their football team是动词的动作承受者,可推断句意为“他们的足球队在那场重要的比赛中被打败了”,因此正确答案为B。

3. —Hi, Nora. Is your mother at home?

—Just a minute!She ____ flowers in the garden. (2016南京)

A. plant B. is planting C. planted D. was planting

【答案】B

【解析】该题考查的是动词的时态。根据问句句意“Nora,你妈妈在家吗?”以及答句中的“等一会儿”,可知“妈妈正在花园种花”,本题填空处应选择现在进行时;主语She,为第三人称单数,进行时结构中的be动词应选用is,因此正确答案为B。

4. Unless the weather ____, well have to cancel the picnic. (2016广东)

A. improve B. improves C. improved D. will improve

【答案】B

【解析】该题考查的是动词的时态。根据句意“除非天气有所改善,否则我们不得不取消野餐”,可知该句为unless引导一个表假设的条件状语从句。在含有条件状语从句的复合句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。从句的主语the weather是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词应选择第三人称单数形式,因此正确答案为B。

5. It seems that El Nino ____ some disasters in the world in the past few months. (2016盐城)

A. has caused B. is causing C. will cause D. caused

【答案】A

【解析】该题考查的是动词的时态。根据时间状语in the past few months,可知句意为“似乎厄尔尼诺现象在过去的几个月里已经在世界上引起了一些灾难”,强调了厄尔尼诺现象对于现在造成的结果和影响,所以该题从句应选择现在完成时;从句的主语El Nino为单数,所以现在完成时结构has/have done的助动词用has,cause的过去分词为caused,因此正确答案为A。

6. —Where were you when I called?

—I ____ on the bed. (2016大庆)

A. lied B. was lying C. lay D. was lieing

【答案】B

【解析】该题考查的是动词的时态。根据问句句意“当我给你打电话时你在哪里?”,可知答句的动作应在过去某一时刻,即“我给你电话时”正在进行中,本题填空处应选择过去进行时;主语为第一人称I,进行时结构中的be动词应选用was,动词lie的现在分词为lying,因此正确答案为B。

7. The passengers ____ show their ID cards before getting on the plane. (2016株洲)

A. might B. must C. could

【答案】B

【解析】该题考查的是情态动词的辨析。might意为“可能”;must意为“一定”;could意为“可能”。根据问句句意“在登上飞机之前乘客必须出示他们的身份证”,此题应选择must,因此正确答案为B。

8. —Mum, Im going climbing. Must I clean the room now?

—No, you ____. You can do it this evening. (2016郴州)

A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt

【答案】C

【解析】该题考查的是情态动词的辨析。根据答句中的“No”和“You can do it this evening.”可知该答句是否定的回答。根据问句句意“妈妈,我将要去爬山。我现在必须打扫房间吗?”可知答句为“不必。你可以今天晚上打扫”。问句中的must意为“必须”,其否定回答可用neednt或者dont have to;mustnt意为“不禁止”;cant意为“不能”或者“不可能”,因此正确答案为C。

9. —Mum, what are you cooking in the kitchen?It ____ so good!

—Fried noodles. (2016福州)

A. smells B. tastes C. sounds

【答案】A

【解析】该题考查的是系动词的辨析。根据问句“妈妈,你在厨房里正做什么?”,可以推断应该是妈妈正在厨房里饭,还没有做完,因此是闻起来很棒而不是尝起来很棒。smell意为“闻”,taste意为“尝”,sound意为“听”,主语it为第三人称单数,系动词应用第三人称单数形式,因此正确答案为A。

10. —Oh, my god. I ____ 2kg this month.

—Dont worry. Its normal for a growing teenage girl. (2016湖北)

A. put up B. put off C. put on D. put down

【答案】C

【解析】该题考查的是动词短语。put up意为“张贴,举起”;put off意為“推迟”;put on意为“增加,穿上”;put down意为“放下”。根据答句句意“不要担心。对于一个正在成长的十几岁的女孩很正常”,可推测问句句意为“哦,我的天啊。这个月体重增加了两千克。”,因此正确答案为C。

11. —The fire ____ at around 3 a.m. local time when people were celebrating with fireworks.

—Im sorry to hear it. (2016连云港)

A. broke out B. ran out C. went out D. put out

【答案】A

【解析】该题考查的是动词短语。break out意为“突然发生,爆发”;run out意为“用完,耗尽”;go out意为“出去”;put out意为“扑灭”。根据答句句意“听到后我很难过。”,可推测问句句意为“在当地时间大约早晨3点钟,当人们用烟火庆祝的时候,引发了大火。”,因此正确答案为A。

12. —Remember to ____ the lights when you leave the room.

—OK!I will. (2016铜仁市)

A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down

【答案】B

【解析】该题考查的是动词短语。turn on意为“打开(电器等)”;turn off意为“关掉(电器等)”;turn up意为“开大,调高(电器等)音量”;turn down意为“关小,调低(电器等)音量”。根据常识,可推测句意为“记得离开这个房间时要关灯”,因此正确答案为B。

【真题演练】

( )1. —Must I clean the room now, Mom?

—No, ____. (2016邵阳)

A. you mustnt B. you neednt C. you cant

( )2. —Its the second time I came to Xiamen. It ____ a lot.

—Yes, its more and more beautiful. (2016厦门)

A. was changing B. has changed C. will change

( )3. UNICEF(联合国儿童基金会) was ____ in 1946. It works to help children live a better life. (2015三亚)

A. picked up B. put up C. set up

( )4. A Christmas Carol is a famous short novel ____ by Charles Dickens. (2016黑龙江)

A. written B. was written C. wrote

( )5. —Many people play with mobile phones all day instead of reading books.

—Thats too bad. Everyone ____ be a book lover. Reading is more enjoyable. (2016山西)

A. may B. should C. would

( )6. Though she often makes her little brother ____, she was made ____ by him this morning. (2016黑龙江)

A. cry; to cry B. to cry; cry C. cry; cry

( )7. —Whats wrong with Judy? She has been absent for two days.

—Oh, she ____ be ill. Lets go to ask Mr. Green. (2016泉州)

A. may B. need C. would

( )8. —Why are you late for school today?

—Im sorry. I didnt catch the early bus and I had to ____ the next one. (2016福州)

A. wait for B. ask for C. care for

( )9. —What were you doing at 8:00 last Sunday?

—I ____ rubbish with my classmates by Zijiang River. (2015益陽)

A. picked up B. am picking up C. was picking up

( )10. —Finally, they came back.

—They ____ be hungry after such a long walk. (2016长沙)

A. cant B. must C. neednt

( )11. —Lily, where is your father now? Go and get him for lunch.

—Just a moment, please. Father ____ a phone call in his room. (2016成都)

A. makes B. is making C. was making

( )12. The school sports meeting will be ____ because of the heavy rain. (2016永州)

A. put up B. put on C. put off

( )13. —Claudia, are you going to Mikes birthday party on Sunday?

—Unless I ____. (2015益阳)

A. am invited B. invited C. was inviting

( )14. Once they find people in need, theyll ____ proper ways to offer them help. (2016漳州)

A. put on B. get on C. decide on

( )15. —Miss Li, could you please help me ____ this math problem?

—OK. Let me try. (2016威海)

A. look up B. work out C. set up

( )16. Its time for class, but the bell didnt ____. (2016齐齐哈尔)

A. go on B. go off C. go through

( )17. —What are you doing now?

—I ____ to the music. (2016永州)

A. is listening B. am listening C. was listening

( )18. —Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight?

—No, I ____ it last week. (2015长沙)

A. see B. have seen C. saw

( )19. —Ive made much progress in grammar. The ideas you ____ worked out fine.

—Glad I could help. (2016厦门)

A. came up with B. ran out of C. looked up to

( )20. —Dont smoke here, Dad. Smoking ____ in public places.

—Oh, sorry. Ill stop right now. (2015福州)

A. isnt allowed B. arent allowed C. doesnt allow

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