意大利皮亚琴察市：历史之城 现代物流转运中心

□ 文/本刊记者 胡睿

意大利皮亚琴察市：历史之城 现代物流转运中心

□ 文/本刊记者 胡睿

编者按：在11月11日举行的2016中国国际友好城市大会闭幕式上，重庆市江北区与意大利皮亚琴察市签署了《缔结建立友好城市关系意向书》，重庆市江北区与意大利皮亚琴察市将在平等互利的基础上，共同促进两城区人民之间的友好交往和经济、贸易往来，积极开展在文化艺术、教育卫生、旅游休闲、商业贸易和工业环保等更广泛领域的交流合作项目，鼓励和促成双方更多企业交流和商业合作，在此意向书基础上建立代表团互访机制，进一步巩固和深化双方友好互信关系，并适时签署正式友好城市关系协议。本期“国际友城”栏目特将意大利皮亚琴察市的一些基本情况为大家进行介绍。

重庆市江北区与意大利皮亚琴察市签署《缔结建立友好城市关系意向书》。摄影：熊怡

皮亚琴察（意大利语：Piacenza，拉丁语：Placentia）是意大利北部艾米利亚-罗马涅地区的一座古老城市，也是皮亚琴察省的省会。皮亚琴察平均海拔61米，位于特雷比亚河进入波河的交汇处，位于艾米利亚和伦巴第的交界处，它是铁路和公路网的重要枢纽，欧洲的交通要道。南面15公里处出现丘陵，起伏的地势一直绵延至高耸的亚平宁山脉。作为地区的商业和工业中心，它设有天然气及石油提炼厂。此外它还生产水泥、食品、塑料、皮具以及农业机械。

皮亚琴察的历史可以追溯到罗马帝国时期，是意大利最著名的艺术城市之一，拥有众多教堂、宫殿等富有历史底蕴的建筑。皮亚琴察坐落在波河河畔，是艾米利亚平原防御外敌入侵的天然壁垒。罗马时期皮亚琴察的市中心到今天仍然维持其核心地位，这里朴实宜人，云集了许多中世纪和文艺复兴时期的精美建筑。例如公社宫（Palazzo Comunale）和圣玛利亚教堂，都是极具历史文化和宗教特色的建筑。卡瓦利中心广场上两尊骑士的铜像是17世纪雕刻家摩奇的大作。摩奇曾从师于Giambologna。他的这个作品被赞誉为巴洛克风格雕塑的代表作。铜像的原型是一个高尚的雇佣士兵亚历山德罗-法尔内塞和他的儿子拉怒乔，两人先后统治着16世纪皮亚琴察。在铜像背后是红砖的公社宫，这是一个城墙高筑的伦巴第-哥特式宫殿，始建于13世纪晚期，是意大利最美的中世纪建筑之一。在塞藤布雷大街的尽头有一座大教堂，其外部（1122年开工）是沉闷的伦巴第-罗马式风格，而内部则由圭尔奇诺的圆顶画和中世纪壁画修饰。靠近主入口处，也有一些壁画，画中的主人公以圣会的与会圣人为主。在市立博物馆里，雕刻和绘画的展出并重，其中最耀眼的是波提切利（1444—1510）的作品《圣母玛利亚、耶稣和施洗者圣约翰》。博物馆里也有军械和考古展区。这个展区最出名的是所谓的《皮亚琴察的肝脏》，那是一个伊特鲁里亚的铜制羊肝，上面刻有神的名字，曾被祭司用于占卜。

意大利皮亚琴察市副市长丁姆•帕诺在重庆参加新闻发布会时表示：皮亚琴察市接近米兰的地理位置让皮亚琴察市成为欧洲的交通要道。米兰是意大利的交通枢纽，在米兰附近的物流竞争尤其激烈，皮亚琴察市的地理位置成为很多知名品牌和企业包括宜家、三星、亚马逊、松下电器、巴宝莉等大品牌的物流转运中心，相信今后也会与“渝新欧”中欧铁路班列有合作的机会。

Editor's note: on November 11th, in the closing ceremony of 2016 China International Friendship Cities Conference, Jiangbei District signed a Letter of Intent for the Establishment of Friendship City with Piacenza in Italy. On the basis of equality and mutual benefi t, two cities will work together to promote the friendly exchanges of their residents in the areas of economy and trade. It is necessary for us to conduct active exchanges and cooperations in culture and art, health and education, tourism, commercial trade, industrial environment protection and other fi elds. Based on the letter of intent to establish visits mechanism of delegation, both cities can further consolidate and deepen bilateral friendly relations and mutual trust. It is helpful for us to encourage more business communications and co-operations with a formal agreement of friendship city relationships. Therefore, this magazine will share with us some basic information about Piacenza in column of Friendship Cities in the World.

Located in the northern of Italian Emilia-Romagna area, Piacenza (Italian: Piacenza, Latin: Placentia) boasts the capital of Piacenza Province with a long history. With an average elevation of 61 meters, Piacenza lies to the juncture of the Trebbia and Po Rivers and the border of Emilia and Lombard. Thanks to its convenient geographic location, Piacenza represents the major hinge of railway and highway system, as well as a vital communication line in Europe. In the 15 kilometers far away from the southern Piacenza, rolling hills stretch to the foot of lofty Apennine Mountains. As the center for business and industry in this area, Piacenza has equipped with natural gas and oil refineries. Besides, it also is home to cement, food, plastic, leather and agricultural machinery.

With numerous historical architectures like churches, palaces and others, Piacenza honors one of the most famous artistic city in Italy, whose history can be traced back to the Roman Empire. On the banks of the Po Rivers, as a natural fortress, it plays an important role to defend foreign invasion in the Amelia plain. The core status of Piacenza's downtown has been keeping from the Roman Period to today. Because of simple folk and pleasant weather, a large number of medieval and Renaissance architectures converge at this city, such as Palazzo Comunale and Santa Maria Church, which fully show historical culture and religious features. In the Cavalli central square, there are two bronze statues in the shape of knight, which was created by Murchy, a 17th-century sculptor, who studied with Giambologna. Regarded as the master work of baroque sculpture, this bronze came out of the prototype of Alessandro Farnese, a noble mercenary, and his son, who successively ruled Piacenza in the 16th century. Behind the two bronzes, Palazzo Comunale, which belongs to the style of Lombardy-Gothic palace with high walls, was built in the later 13th century and it boasts one of the most beautiful medieval architectures in Italy. At the end of the Saitenbray street, there is a church with tedious Lombardy-Gothic architectural style outside and the decoration of Keisuke Kino's dome paintings and medieval frescoes inside. Near the main entrance, there are some frescoes whose subjects give priority to the saints in congregation. Piacenza City Museum pays equal attention to display sculptures and paintings, in which the most famous work belongs to The Virgin, Jesus & Saint John Baptist created by Botticelli(1444-1510). This museum also has special areas to exhibit armaments and archaeological achievements. The most famous exhibit in this area deserves to so-called The Liver of Piacenza, which is an copper lamb liver with Etruscan style. This sculpture was carved with god's name, which was once used for divination by priests.

Piacenza has become a vital communication line in Europe by virtue of its close location to Milan, said by Dim Pano, the deputy mayor of Piacenza in Italy, at the press conference in Chongqing. Milan represents the traffi c hinge in Italy, which creates an intense logistics competition for its surrounding areas. With geographical advantages, Piacenza has become a logistic hub for many famous brands and companies like Ikea, Samsung, Amazon, Panasonic and Burberry, etc. It is convinced that Piacenza will have an opportunity for participating in the cooperation of Chongqing-SinKiang-Europe Railway line.

Piacenza, Italy: a Modern Logistics Hub with Profound History

□ J ournalist / Hu Rui