王发松, 牛 苗, 黄东海, 李世晋
( 1. 生物资源保护与利用湖北省重点实验室, 湖北 恩施 445000; 2. 湖北民族学院 化学与环境工程学院,湖北 恩施 445000; 3. 中国科学院华南植物园, 广州510650; 4. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 )
Dalbergia prazeri Prain (豆科)之考证
王发松1,2, 牛苗3,4, 黄东海2, 李世晋3*
( 1. 生物资源保护与利用湖北省重点实验室, 湖北 恩施 445000; 2. 湖北民族学院 化学与环境工程学院,湖北 恩施 445000; 3. 中国科学院华南植物园, 广州510650; 4. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 )
摘要:在发表Dalbergia prazeri Prain时Prain曾认为其与托叶黄檀(D. stipulacea Roxb.)近缘,只是该种小叶背面疏被微柔毛,花萼被硬毛与托叶黄檀不同,同时又指出其荚果也与后者不同,但是并没有解释其不同点。之后Prain又将其归并入奥氏黄檀(D. oliveri Gamble ex Prain),亦未给出相应的理由。经研究D. prazeri Prain与南岭黄檀(D. assamica Benth.)为同种,而被归并入后者。Prain发表该种时引证Prazer s.n.为模式,但并没有指定主模式。涉及该种的Prazer s.n.的标本共有6份,该文将藏于印度国立标本馆加尔各答馆(CAL),条形码为CAL0000012326 (CAL标本号131311)的标本指定为后选模式(lectotype),其余分别藏于加尔各答标本馆的4份及英国皇家植物园邱园标本馆(K)的1份为等后选模式(isolectotype)。
关键词:Dalbergia prazeri, 黄檀属, 考证, 后选模式
Prain (1897)依据Prazer 1888年采自缅甸北部的一号标本发表了DalbergiaprazeriPrain (图1:A),并在1901年认可该种(Prain, 1901),但3年后他又将其归并入奥氏黄檀(D.oliveriGamble ex Prain) (图1: B) (Prain, 1904),该处理也得到Thothathri (1987)的认可。经过仔细检察模式标本及相关文献,作者发现D.prazeri模式标本并不似奥氏黄檀,因为奥氏黄檀果实较宽大,宽2.5~4 cm,对种子处无网纹,小叶两面无毛,而D.prazeri并不具备这些特征,似乎更像南岭黄檀(D.assamicaBenth.)(图1: C)。
Prain在发表该种时认为其与托叶黄檀(D.stipulaceaRoxb.)近缘(图1: D),尤其花部特征难以区分,不同之处在于小叶背面被稀疏微柔毛,花萼具硬毛,并强调二者果实“极为不同”。1901年在整理亚洲该植物时,他又增加了一号标本引证,即采自泰国的Teysmann52标本,同时强调该种在荚果和小叶特征上分别非常接近奥氏黄檀和托叶黄檀。但是1904年他又在其专著中将该种归并于奥氏黄檀,也没有给出理由(Prain, 1904)。
表 1 Dalbergia prazeri Prain与奥氏黄檀、托叶黄檀及南岭黄檀的特征比较
经仔细核对各相关类群的小叶及荚果的特征(表1)发现:在小叶数量、形状、大小、毛被以及荚果的形状、大小、对种子处的网纹等性状上,D.prazeri均在南岭黄檀的变异范围之内,应当归并于后者。
另外,涉及D.prazeri的Prazers.n. 标本共有5份,Prain发表该种时亦没有指定其中一份为主模式。本文将藏于印度国立标本馆加尔各答馆(CAL),条形码为CAL0000012326 (CAL标本号131311)的标本指定为后选模式(lectotype),其余分别藏于加尔各答及英国皇家植物园邱园标本馆(K)的4份为等后选模式(isolectotype)。分类学处理如下:
南岭黄檀南岭檀、水相思、黄类树、茶丫藤、秧青、思茅黄檀、紫花黄檀
DalbergiaassamicaBenth., Pl. Jungh. 2: 256. 1852 & J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 4(Suppl.): 45. 1860. pro part.; Baker in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 235. 1876. pro part.; Prain, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal. Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 66(2): 449. 1897 & 70(2): 52. 1901 & Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 10(1): 89. pl. 71. 1904; T. Chen, Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 40: 117. 1994. Niyomdham & Pham, Bull. Mus.Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia 18: 138. 1996; Niyomdham et al, Fl. Camb. Laos Vietn. 29: 42. 1997; Niyomdham, Thai. For. Bull. (Bot.) 30: 126. fig. 1. 2002. ——D.lanceolariavar.assamica(Benth.) Thoth., Bull. Bot. Surv. India 25(1-4): 171. 1983 & Tax. Revis. Dalbergieae Ind. 144. 1987. Type: India, Assam,Griffith546 (lecto-, K!, designated by Thothathri, 1987).
图 1 Dalbergia prazeri Prain、奥氏黄檀、托叶黄檀及南岭黄檀的模式 A. D. prazeri Prain的后选模式(CAL); B. D. oliveri Gamble ex Prain的后选模式(CAL); C. D. assamica Benth.的后选模式 (K); D. D. stipulacea Roxb 的后选模式(CAL)。Fig. 1 Types of Dalbergia prazeri Prain, D. oliveri Gamble ex Prain, D. stipulacea Roxb. and D. assamica Benth.A. Lectotype of D. prazeri Prain (CAL); B. Lectotype of D. oliveri Gamble ex Prain (CAL); C. Lectotype of D. assamica Benth. (K); D. Lectotype of D. stipulacea Roxb (CAL).
——D.balansaePrain, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 70: 54. 1901 & Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 10(1): 90. pl. 72. 1904; T. Chen, Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 40: 120. 1994. Type: Veitnam, Ha Tay,Balansa2289 (lecto-, P!, designated by Niyomdham & Pham, 1996; isolecto-, K!, P!).
——D.bhutanicaThoth., Bull. Bot. Surv. India 14: 189. 1972 [1975] & Tax. Revis. Dalbergieae Ind. 158. 1987. Type: Bhutan, Engo forest, Narchu valley,Prains.n. (holo-, CAL!; iso-, CAL!, LE).
——D.hupeanaHance var.lacciferaEberh. & Dubard, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 15: 385. 1909; Gagnep., Fl. Gen. Indoch. 2: 498. 1916; P. H. Ho, Fl. Ill. Vietnam 1(2): 1114, f. 3162. 1991. ——D.assamicaBenth. var.laccifera(Eberh. & Dubard) Niyomdham, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia 18: 138. 1996; Niyomdham et al, Fl. Camb. Laos Vietn. 29: 44. 1997. syn. nov. Type: Vietnam,Eberhardss.n. (holo-, P!).
——D.prazeriPrain, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 66: 452. 1897 & 70: 53. 1901. syn. nov. Type: Myanmar,Prazers.n. (CAL0000012326, CAL!, lectotype designated here; isolectotypes, CAL!, K!).
致谢感谢数家植物标本馆(CAL, K, P) 给予查阅标本的方便!
参考文献:
PRAIN D, 1897. Noviceae Indicae XV. Some additional Leguminosae[J]. J Asiat Soc Bengal Pt 2 Nat Hist, 66: 452.
PRAIN D, 1901. The Asiatic species ofDalbergia[J]. J Asiat Soc Bengal Pt 2 Nat Hist, 70: 53.
PRAIN D, 1904. The species ofDalbergiaof South-eastern Asia[J]. Ann Roy Bot Gard(Calcutta), 10(1): 92.
THOTHATHRI K, 1987. Taxonomic revision of the tribe Dalbergieae in the Indian Subcontinent[M]. New Delhi: Botanical Survey of India: 134.
A revision ofDalbergiaprazeriPrain (Leguminosae)
WANG Fa-Song1, 2, NIU Miao3,4, HUANG Dong-Hai2, LI Shi-Jin3*
( 1.KeyLaboratoryofBiologicResourcesProtectionandUtilizationofHubeiProvince, Enshi 445000, China; 2.CollegeofChemistryandEnvironmentalEngineering,HubeiUniversityforNationalities, Enshi 445000, China; 3.SouthChinaBotanicalGarden,ChineseAcademyofSciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; 4.UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences, Beijing 100049, China )
Abstract:When published by Prain, Dalbergia prazeri Prain was reported closely related to D. stipulacea Roxb., except for the sparse pubescence on the leaves beneath and the hirsute calyx. He also noted the pods of the two species are totally unlike without any explanation. Thereafter he reduced the name to D. oliveri Gamble ex Prain without explanation either. Critical studies revealed that it is conspecific with D. assamica Benth. Therefore, D. prazeri Prain is reduced to synonym under D. assamica Benth. There are 6 sheets of the collections of Prazer cited by Prain. The sheet in the herbarium CAL, with digital code CAL0000012326 (herbarium No. 131311) is selected as lectotype of this name. Of the remaining collections 4 sheets in CAL and 1 sheet in K are selected as isolectotypes.
Key words:Dalbergia prazeri, Dalbergia, revision, lectotype
DOI:10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201404002
收稿日期:2014-07-23修回日期: 2014-10-01
基金项目:国家自然科学基金 (31070176, 31270248) [Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070176, 31270248)]。
作者简介:王发松(1969-),男,湖北巴东县人,博士,教授,主要从事药用植物资源与化学研究,(E-main)zsuwangfasong@aliyun.com。*通讯作者: 李世晋,博士,研究员,主要从事植物分类学研究, (E-mail) lisj@scib.ac.cn.
中图分类号:Q949. 71
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1000-3142(2016)05-0615-04
王发松,牛苗,黄东海,等.DalbergiaprazeriPrain (豆科)之考证[J]. 广西植物, 2016, 36(5):615-618
WANG FS,NIU M,HUANG DH,et al. A revision ofDalbergiaprazeriPrain (Leguminosae)[J]. Guihaia, 2016, 36(5):615-618