浅谈高中英语中it的用法

魏玉和

摘 要：英语中it用法广泛、灵活。It的用法及其句型是英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年考试的热点。在近几年高考中越来越被青睐，因此在教学中给予足够的重视，从而提高教学效益。

关键词：高中英语；it；常见句型

It是个非常简单的单词，但其用法却很灵活。它是搭配力极强的一个词。对于英语学习者来说，掌握it的用法不但要从词法的角度去考虑，更应将重点放在句型和固定搭配方面。本文中，笔者根据多年的教学实践，归纳出了高中阶段it的用法如下：

一、杂七杂八的It

eg.Its 10：08.

Its lovely.

It weighs only 3 kilograms.

Its very quiet in the forest.

Its very cold in winter in Gansu.

二、专“一”十足的It

eg.（1）——What should I do with your bag？

——Oh，just leave it on the table.

（2）Some students in our class are trying their best to learn English well.Have you heard about it？

三、“强劲”十足的It

eg.1.It be+被强调部分 +that/who（只用于被强调部分是人的时候）

It is his progress that makes me delighted.

2.It be + not until + 被强调部分+ that …

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.

四、与“时”共舞的It

eg.1.It be + 时间段 + before …过多久…才

It will be over a month before we end our classes.

2.It be + 一段时间 + since +一般过去时

It is two years since I joined the army.

3.It + was +点时间+ when + S +一般过去时

It was ten oclock when we began our lesson.

五、为“他人”做嫁衣的It

eg. 1.充当“形式主语”的It

（1）It + be + adj.of/for sb to do sth

Its very kind of you to say so.= You are very kind to say so.

Its important for one to learn a foreign language.

（2）It is clear （obvious，possible，true，certain...） that...

It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.= That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear.

（3）It is said （well-known /reported /though/believed...）that...据说（据报道，据悉，据认为，据相信）

（4）It takes sb+ 多少时间 to do sth.某人花费时间做某事

It will take us three hours to go to the farm to visit.

（5）Its up to sb to do sth 由某人决定做某事

Its up to you to decide when we will start.

（6）Its useless/no use/good doing 做……是无用的/不好的。

It is no use crying over spilt milk.

（7）It happens/occurs/appears/seems that …碰巧……好像……似乎……

It seems that he is always true.

2.充当“形式宾语”的 It

sb think/find/consider/make + it + adj./n.+ to do/doing/that…

We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.

上述是我个人结合自己教学的经验所谈的一点体会，而且我认为，作为一名教师，在给学生授课时，应该以学生为本。比如，在上述的举例以及平时的教学中，我都已引起学生的兴趣为出发点，从而让学生在心情愉快的情况下去学习，渐渐地提高学生的学习热情，使他们主动去学习，最终学有所成。

参考文献：

[1]朗文.当代高级英语辞典[M].2004，7.

[2]薄冰.大学英语语法[M].开明出版社出版，2010，1.

（作者单位：甘肃省白银市第九中学）