挪威盖于拉山巅眺望台

挪威盖于拉山巅眺望台

THE GAULAR MOUNTAIN SET FOR REST，NORWAY

该场地名为“Utsikten”，有观景的意思，位于挪威绵延的盖于拉（Gaular）山脉之中，是前往挪威西海岸路上的一个天然的停车眺望点。人们经过长途跋涉或是徒步穿越来到这里，常被眼前壮美的山色所震撼。而对于驾车来此的人们来说，这里则成为他们回望来时曲折陡峭路径的最佳场所。

场地位于道路的一侧，由一个巨大的三角形混凝土平台构成，由CODE建筑事务所设计。平台的三个角微微上扬，如同停歇在山巅的鸟儿飞扬的羽翼，80cm厚的混凝土板也因此形态显得更轻盈而舒展。正如合理摆放的野餐布能够带来完美的就餐体验，混凝土平台的放置角度也经过了精心设计，车辆可以停靠在平台四周的场地上，而游客可以登上平台从各个角度全方位地观赏山巅美景。

为了能使设计尽可能地切合场地，充分挖掘出场地的特质，设计师们在场地中搭建出全尺度的概念模型。使用了吊车和绳索，通过一次次的模型修改，整个设计方案也变得越来越完善，直到形成最终的3D模型、图纸并落地实施。

场地在可达性较差的山地区位、复杂的几何造型给项目的实施带来了很多困难，而对质量的极致追求让整个建造过程变得更具挑战性。为了尽可能地做好准备工作，项目协调各方达成了施工方面的共识，以便形成统一的建造方案和实施方法。

最终建成的眺望台以极其壮美的姿态耸立在延绵的群山之中，低调粗犷的材料和建造工艺使得极具几何美感的造型更为突出且纯粹。随着时间流逝，平台将会被植物覆盖，混凝土的颜色也逐渐可与周围群山融为一体。在平台的边缘立着一系列由粗钢管支撑的栏杆，通透的铁网在保证安全的同时保证了视线的通透。混凝土的表面经削磨、抛光、喷砂或覆板，强化了形态并区分了平台的不同区域，留出了可供站立、停坐的空间，通往卫生间和山坡的路径，以及供雨水流出平台的泄水口。而在雨天，这些飞扬的尖角下部又能成为游客临时躲避风雨的场所。

设计团队：CODE建筑事务所

项目名称：挪威盖于拉山巅眺望台

项目建筑师：埃温·尼加德

比亚内·林斯塔（CODE建筑事务所）

项目工程师：斯泰纳尔·贝克尔（B-consult）

弗洛里安·科施（ DIFK）

总承包商 ：桑纳讷公司

开发商：挪威国家旅游路线

项目开始时间：2008年9月

项目完成时间：2016年6月

项目地点：挪威西部的巴莱斯特兰直辖市Gaular山脉

面积：850 m2

材料：钢筋混凝土，钢，光伏电池板

翻译：蒋鑫

校对：王晞月

The site is known as Utsikten (“The View”) and is a natural place to stop when driving over the Gaular Mountain along the western coast of Norway. For those who have made the trek over the mountain itself, the site affords a sudden and surprising vista overlooking a majestic landscape. Conversely, for those driving up from below, Utsikten constitutes the ever visible apex of the ascent rising up through a series of hairpin bends.

CODE’s project at Utsikten is a large, triangular concrete platform situated right at the side of the road. The platform is 80 cm thick but appears torest lightly atop the terrain with raised, wing‐like corners that protrude outwards and upwards into the air. Similar to how a picnic blanket is neatly arranged in order to create the proper setting for a meal, the concrete platform at Utsikten has been developed to create the proper setting for the entire stopover. The cars drive all the way up to the outlook, and visitors can move around between the corners to experience the spectacular scenery from various angles.

In order to ensure the optimal placement for the finished project and exploit the site’s various qualities, the architects sketched the concept at full scale at the site itself. With the aid of a crane and ropes, the structure was constructed as a wire model over several rounds before finally being transferred into a 3D model, drawings, and the finished product.

The work on the concrete construction proved to be quite challenging because of the mountain’s location, the complex geometry, and the high demands to quality. In order to be as prepared as possible, the various actors involved in the construction project first participated in a trial construction of large sections of the platform in order to make common experiences and quality assure the given choices and approaches.

The finished platform appears as an independent, geometric, and precise object in the landscape. The materials and technology are familiar and robust, while it is the shape itself that is spectacular. Over time the concrete will acquire natural vegetation and its colour will approximate that of the surrounding mountainsides. The rails have been made from thick steel pipes as a visually conspicuous seam along the platform’s edges and reliefs, with outstretched nets that are more or less transparent. The concrete includes surfaces that have been milled, honed, sandblasted or boardsheathed in order to accentuate the platform’s shape and zonal divisions. The raised corners contain holes and reliefs that provide sitting andstanding room, access to the restrooms, and egresses to the terrain, or that serve as an outlet for the rainwater amassed at the platform. During rainy weather it is also possible to seek shelter beneath these corners.

Design studio: CODE:architecture

Project:Utsikten viewpoint, Gaularfjellet

Architects:CODE: architecture by Eivind Nygaard and Bjarne Ringstad

Engineers:B-consult by Steinar Bjercke and DIFK by Florian Kosche

Contractor:Veidekke Sandane

Developer:National Tourist Routes, Norway

Starting at:September 2008

Finish at: June 2016

Project address:Gaularfjell Balestrand municipality，Western part of Norway

Project area/dimension:floor area 850 sqm

Main materials:Reinforced concrete, steel, PV panels

Translation:JIANG Xin

Proofreading:WANG Xi-yue