中国文化核心词 KEY CHINESE CONCEPTS

中国文化核心词 KEY CHINESE CONCEPTS

乾

/qián/ Heaven

“八卦”之一，由三个“阳爻”组成，画为“”。又为“六十四卦”之一，由六个“阳爻”组成，画为“”。按照易学的解释，由于“乾”卦全部由阳爻组成,因此具有纯阳之性，被用以象征各种阳性的事物或原则。“乾”卦的基本象征意义是天,在社会领域主要象征男性、父亲、君主等社会角色以及刚健有为的行事原则。结合 “乾”卦的各种象征意义，“乾”还被赋予了创生、统领万物之义。

One of the eight trigrams, it consists of three yang lines:. It is also one of the sixty-four hexagrams when it consists of six yang lines:. According to experts on The Book of Changes, as the qian trigram is composed only of yang lines, it is purely yang and is thus used to symbolize all yang things or principles. The qian trigram symbolizes heaven, and in society it symbolizes the social roles played by the male, the father, and the monarch, as well as decisive and vigorous ways of doing things. In view of what qian symbolizes, it also means creating and leading all things under heaven.

引例 Citations:

◇乾,健也。(《周易·说卦》)

(乾,意为刚健有为。)

The qian trigram symbolizes vigor and vitality. (The Book of Changes)

◇大哉乾元,万物资始,乃统天。(《周易·彖上》)

(伟大的乾元,万物依赖它开始产生,乾元统帅天的运行与效用。)

Great is the qian hexagram. All things depend on it to happen, since it guides the movement and effect of heaven. (The Book of Changes)

坤

/kūn/ Earth

“八卦”之一，由三个“阴爻”组成，画为“”。又为“六十四卦”之一，由六个“阴爻”组成，画为“”。按照易学的解释，由于“坤”卦全部由“阴爻”组成，因此具有纯“阴”之性,被用以象征各种“阴”性的事物或原则。“坤”卦的基本象征意义是地，在社会领域主要象征女性、母亲、臣民等社会角色以及柔顺宽厚的行事原则。结合“坤”卦的各种象征意义，“坤”还被赋予了创生、长养万物之义。

One of the eight trigrams, it consists of three yin lines:

. It is also one of the sixty-four hexagrams when it consists of six yin lines:. According to experts on The Book of Changes, as the kun trigram is composed only of yin lines, it is purely yin and is thus used to symbolize all yin things or principles. The kun trigram symbolizes earth, and in society it symbolizes the social roles played by the female, the mother, and the subjects of the ruler, as well as gentle, kind and generous ways of doing things. In view of what kun symbolizes, it also means creating and nourishing all things under heaven.

◇坤,顺也。(《周易·说卦》)

(坤,意为柔顺。)

The kun trigram means gentleness. (The Book of Changes)

◇至哉坤元,万物资生,乃顺承天。(《周易·彖上》)

(伟大的坤元,万物依赖它才得以发生,它顺承着天道。)

Great is the kun hexagram. All things depend on it to happen, since it follows the will of heaven. (The Book of Changes)

引例 Citations: