赵荣章
730722甘肃省白银市会宁县第二人民医院
幽门螺杆菌感染与慢性胃炎和消化性溃疡的关系
赵荣章
730722甘肃省白银市会宁县第二人民医院
目的:探讨幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染与慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡的关系。方法:收治胃镜检查确诊的慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡患者151例,包括慢性浅表性胃炎、慢性糜烂性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、胆汁反流性胃炎以及胃和十二指肠溃疡,分别给予胃黏膜组织活检及快速尿素酶试验检查Hp感染情况,分析炎性反应情况与Hp感染的关系。结果:慢性萎缩性胃炎37例,Hp感染阳性率86.48%;慢性糜烂性胃炎36例,Hp感染阳性率80.56%;慢性浅表性胃炎26例,Hp感染阳性率65.38%;胆汁反流性胃炎22例,Hp感染阳性率36.36%,消化性溃疡30例,Hp感染阳性率80.00%。慢性萎缩性胃炎阳性率最高,胆汁反流性胃炎阳性率最低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:几种常见的慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡均伴有不同程度Hp的感染,不同胃炎、消化性溃疡中Hp感染率差异具有统计学意义。慢性糜烂性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎以及消化性溃疡感染Hp明显高于正常人群,从而提出Hp感染是产生的重要致病因素。
慢性胃炎;消化性溃疡;幽门螺杆菌;感染率
1983年,Marshall和Warren首次分离出胃黏膜内幽门螺杆菌(Hp),随后被逐渐证实Hp与胃十二指肠疾病的发病有关。为进一步探讨Hp感染与慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡的关系,对胃镜检查诊断的慢性胃炎患者进行Hp检测,现报告如下。
2009年1月-2012年12月收治慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡患者121例,均经电子胃镜及黏膜病理活检诊断,其中消化性溃疡30例,慢性浅表性胃炎26例,慢性糜烂性胃炎36例,胆汁反流性胃炎22例,慢性萎缩性胃炎37例,消化性溃疡30例。其中男82例,女69例,年龄22~75岁,平均48岁。行“尿素酶试验”前均无抗生素、质子泵抑制剂等用药史。
方法:采用电子胃镜检查患者的黏膜情况,组织直达黏膜肌,分别在距幽门2~3 cm处取大弯侧、小弯侧黏膜以及距胃角近端4 cm处各取2块黏膜组织进行活检。在胃镜下采用快速尿素酶法进行Hp检测。
统计学方法:所有数据采用SPSS 16.0进行统计分析,计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05差异有统计学意义。
内镜下病变类型与Hp检测结果的关系:151例患者中Hp阳性率72.85%,慢性萎缩性胃炎Hp阳性率最高(86.48%),明显高于其他类型,胆汁反流性胃炎阳性率最低(36.36%),经χ2检验,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。慢性糜烂性、慢性萎缩性胃炎及消化性溃疡间Hp阳性率差异不显著,见表1。
黏膜病检情况与Hp检测结果的关系:糜烂患者Hp阳性率最高(86.21%),差异具有统计学意义。充血水肿患者Hp阳性率最低(38.39%),差异具有统计学意义。萎缩和肠化生之间没有差异,糜烂和溃疡间没有差异。可见Hp感染程度与慢性胃炎、溃疡的病理损害程度密切相关,见表2。
流行病学研究表明,Hp阳性率在慢性非活动性胃炎中偏低,在慢性活动性胃炎中较高,普通人群达50%~80%[1]。本研究结果显示,所有接受黏膜病检患者的Hp阳性率达到61.59%。其中慢性萎缩性胃炎、慢性糜烂性胃炎、消化性溃疡患者的Hp阳性率高,胆汁反流性胃炎Hp在本次探讨中阳性率最低(36.36%),与前3者差异具有统计学意义。Hp致病因素复杂,其中Hp分泌的尿素酶及空泡毒素是其可能的致病因素。尿素酶水解尿素时产生的NH4+能够直接损伤胃黏膜上皮细胞,并降低黏膜上的电位差,从而影响胃黏膜的离子转运,导致H+反渗,从而加重了胃黏膜组织损伤。另外,Hp产生的空泡毒素具有细胞毒作用[2]。Hp还能够诱导各种炎性介质及氧自由基的释放,从而诱导细胞凋亡,形成消化性溃疡[3]。当胃内感染Hp后,机体会产生IgE抗体,巨噬细胞内溶酶体被其抗原复合物激活的,介导细胞毒性反应,从而引起免疫性组织损伤[4]。胃小凹处上皮增生,发育异常,出现肠上皮化生,甚至发展为不典型增生[5]。
表1 内镜下病变类型与Hp检测结果的关系
表2 黏膜病检情况与Hp检测结果的关系
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The relationship between helicobacter pylori infection with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer
Zhao Rongzhang
The Second People's Hospital of Huining County,Baiyin City of Gansu Province 730722
Objective:To investigate the relationship between helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer.Methods:151 patients with chronic gastritis or peptic ulcer were selected,including chronic superficial gastritis,chronic erosive gastritis,chronic atrophic gastritis,bile reflux gastritis,gastric and duodenal ulcer.All of those patients were treated with gastric mucosal biopsy and rapid urease test to detected helicobacter pylori infection,then we analyzed the relationship between inflammatory response and Hp infection.Results:37 cases were with chronic atrophic gastritis,and the positive rate of Hp infection was 86.48%;36 cases were chronic erosive gastritis,and the positive rate was 80.56%;26 cases were chronic superficial gastritis, and the positive rate was 65.38%;22 cases were bile reflux gastritis,and the positive rate was 36.36%;30 cases were peptic ulcer, and the positive rate was 80%.The positive rate of chronic atrophic gastritis was highest,and the bile reflux gastritis positive rate was lowest,P<0.05,with statistically significant difference.Conclusion:Those several kinds of common chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer are associated with different degree of Hp infection,and the Hp infection rate in different gastritis and peptic ulcer has statistically significant difference.The Hp infection in patients with chronic erosive gastritis,chronic atrophic gastritis or peptic ulcer is higher than in the normal people,so we put forward that Hp infection is an important pathogenic factors of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer.
Chronic gastritis;Peptic ulcer;Helicobacter pylori;Infection rate
10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.2015.7.26