话题18. 自然

2015-05-30 06:50:58纪乐佳
广东教育·高中 2015年1期
关键词:濒临灭绝校报动植物

纪乐佳

一、相关短语

1. live in harmony with nature 与自然和谐共处

2. be kind to nature 善待大自然

3. the rules and laws of nature自然规律

4. keep ecological balance保持生态平衡

5. maintain biodiversity保持生物多样性

6. lose the habitats失去栖息地

7. conserve natural habitats保护生存环境

8. endanger the lives of危及……的生命

9. wild animals and plants野生动植物

10. change the situation改变现状

11. raise peoples awareness of 提高人们……意识

12. protect trees保护树木

13. set up nature reserves建立自然保护区

14. set up wildlife parks建立野生动植物公园

15. make publicity and collect money宣传和集资

16. a great number of houses fall down许多房子倒了

17. the whole city may fall into ruins整个城市沦为废墟

18. with the road blocked马路断裂

19. water supply and electricity cut off断水断电

20. cause great damage造成极大伤害

21. cause great economic losses造成巨大经济损失

22. call on people to make donations呼吁人们捐赠

23. the stricken districts灾区

24. rescue...from 从……中拯救出来

25. return to normal恢复正常

二、必备句型

1. If wildlife disappeared from the earth, the environment and climate would be badly changed, the ecological balance would be broken and the biodiversity would be lost.如果野生动植物从地球上消失,环境和气候将会变差,生态平衡会被破坏,生物的多样性会消失。

2. We believe as long as we take action immediately, we will live in harmony with wildlife. 我们相信,只要我们马上行动起来,我们就可以和野生动植物和谐相处。

三、典型例题

例题一:基础写作

你是校报小记者,最近进行了一次采访。

[写作内容]

请写一篇采访报道,内容包括:

采访时间:上周五

采访对象:高三级地理老师许老师

采访主题:人与自然应该如何和谐共处

采访内容:

(1)人类与自然的关系:大自然是人类的朋友而非敌人

(2)人类应善待大自然,并学会如何与自然和谐共处

老师建议:人与自然和谐共处须做到——

(1)认识和正确运用自然规律

(2)保护环境,保持生态平衡

(3)保护各种动植物,保持生物多样性

[过程指导]

第一步,认真审题。

1.审文体:本文是_________。

2.审时态:以_________时态为主。

3.审人称:以第______人称为主。

4.审要点:认真看看方框内外的信息,以便分组规划。

第二步,信息分组。

根据各信息点之间的逻辑顺序等将信息点分为5组,以便用5个句子来表达。(在题中用笔圈出即可)

第三步,信息表达。

以上每组信息点用一个英语句子来表达,必要时添加恰当的主语等成分,使句子结构完整。

第四步,连句成篇。

将以上5个句子合并成一篇连贯的短文,必要时添加适当的过渡衔接词。

第五步,检查核对。

第六步,规范誊写。

例题二:读写任务

阅读下面短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Many animals have disappeared during the long history of the earth. The most famous of these animals are dinosaurs. They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being. There were many different kinds of dinosaurs and a number of them used to live in China. The eggs of twenty-five species have been found in Xixia, County, Nanyang, Henan Province.

Dinosaurs died out suddenly about 65 million years ago. Some scientists think it came after an unexpected incident when a huge rock from space hit the earth and put too much dust into the air. Others think the earth got too hot for the dinosaurs to live on any more. Nobody knows for sure why and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in such a short time.

We know many other wild plants, animals, insects and birds have died out more recently. According to a UN report, some 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 500 years.

[写作内容]

1. 以约30个词概括短文的要点;

2. 然后以l20个词就“野生动植物濒临灭绝”发表看法,要点包括:

(1)分析野生动植物濒临灭绝的原因;

(2)你认为野生动植物消失对人类和地球将有何影响;

(3)你认为应采取什么措施来避免野生动植物在地球上消失。

[过程指导]

写概要

1. 分析文体类别:阅读材料为现象类说明文,作者首先指出一种现象(生物灭绝),然后转述科学家提出有关这种现象的可能原因,最后根据最近的报道提出“许多不同种类的生物濒临灭绝”的现象。

2. 找出关键词句:写概要前,应在文中找出并标明以下关键句或关键词:

社会现象:____________________________(第一段)

转述原因:____________________________(第二段)

近来报道:____________________________(第三段)

3. 组合关键词句:

谈看法

要点⑴:首先写出主题句:人类生活越来越好,但野生动植物却濒临灭绝,原因如下。然后具体描述三个原因:首先,人们砍伐树木,使动物失去栖息地;其次,农民使用过多的杀虫剂,这危及野生动植物的生命;最后,为了赚钱,有些人捕杀了珍贵的野生动物。

要点⑵:首先写出主题句和过渡句:动植物是人类的朋友,也是环境的一部分,然而,如果这些野生动植物从地球上消失,会对人类和地球有影响。然后设想如果野生动植物从地球上消失,对人类和地球的影响:环境和气候会产生变化,生态平衡会被破坏,生物的多样性会消失。

要点⑶:首先写出主题句:面对现在这种情况,我们是时候采取措施来改变现状。作为中学生,我们应该采取的措施。

然后再提出具体的看法:一方面,我们应该帮助人们提高停止捕杀动物的意识;另一方面,我们应该尽力协助建立自然保护区,比如帮忙做宣传或帮忙集资。

根据以上提示,完成自己的写作:

四、摸拟演练

练习一:基础写作

你是校报小记者,昨天,你所在的班级高三(1)班全体同学,就“自然灾害灾情的分析和救援的探讨”进行了一次讨论。

[写作内容]

请就讨论情况为校报写一篇报道,内容包括:

灾害种类:中国有许多类型的自然灾害,例如:地震、洪灾、和暴风雪等

灾 情:(1)房屋倒塌,道路断裂,供水供电中断,整个城市成为废墟

(2)许多人员失踪、受伤和死亡

灾后救援:(1)政府组织救援

(2)志愿者主动帮忙

(3)全国人民捐款,食物、水和药品被送往灾区

结 论:人类应该学会与自然和谐共处、保护环境,才能减少自然灾害

The students in Class One Senior Three had a discussion about the condition and rescue of natural disasters yesterday. ...

练习二:读写任务

阅读下面短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Planting Trees Day is an American holiday that encourages the planting and care of trees. It first occurs in America every year on the last Friday in April. On Planting Trees Day, people are to plant trees. Although it isnt a public holiday, it is no longer widely observed in America.

Similar holidays exist worldwide, in China, Planting Trees Day is on March 12. This special day began in 1979. On that day, people can plant many trees. And if we plant trees more, we must also take care of the trees by watering them until they grow up to be strong. In different countries, Planting Trees Days are on different days. Like in India, Planting Trees Day is on July 1.

Why do people plant trees? Because they want to protect the environment. There are many people who want to earn money from only cutting down trees. Therefore, more and more trees are cut by them. However, other kind people want to protect the environment and make the air clean, so they plant trees as many as they can. All these actions show that people now pay more attention to the environment. If we want to make it better, we must stop cutting down trees and plant more trees not only on Planting Trees Day.

[写作内容]

1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容;

2. 然后以约l20个词就“植树的重要性”发表看法,要点包括:

(1)你读完这篇文章后的感受;

(2)你对植树的看法;

(3)假如将来你成了一名老师,你会怎么教导学生停止砍伐,爱护树木?

(作者单位:汕头市金平区金砂中学)

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