加快融入一带一路把重庆打造成为西部开发开放重要支撑

□ 文/符彦石

实施“一带一路”战略和“长江经济带”重大部署，是党中央、国务院准确把握时代变革大趋势，谋划中国对外开放和经济发展新棋局，所作出的重大战略决策。国家发布的《推动共建丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的愿景与行动》明确提出，要把重庆打造成为西部开发开放重要支撑。这为重庆加快内陆开放高地建设、加速融入经济全球化指明了方向，提供了千载难逢的历史性机遇。综合研判重庆已有发展基础和未来巨大潜力，笔者认为，重庆应当而且能够担此大任，必定会对“一带一路”建设做出新的更大贡献。

一、重庆内陆开放高地建设取得的成就

重庆是中西部地区唯一的直辖市和国家定位的中心城市。由于地处内陆，不靠海、不沿边，对外开放曾是制约重庆发展的最大“短板”。近年来，特别是党的十八大以来，重庆紧紧围绕内陆开放高地目标，加快构建大通道、大平台、大通关、大产业、大环境，形成了航空、铁路和内河港口三大国家级交通枢纽、三个国家一类口岸和三个保税区的对外开放格局（见图1）。2014年，全市进出口总额954.5亿美元，较2007年增长了10多倍；实际利用外资106.3亿美元，较2007年增长了近10倍，且已连续4年保持在100亿美元以上；吸引世界500强255家，居中西部第一。内陆开放高地的强势崛起，助推重庆经济总量达到14265亿元，经济增速已连续多年保持在全国前列。重庆内陆开放高地建设已取得的巨大成就，笔者认为主要体现在以下几个方面：

一是加快向东向西开放，构建开放“大通道”。“蜀道难，难于上青天”，曾是重庆交通条件的真实写照。就在几年前，重庆因为缺乏直联国际市场的大通道，进出口货物需经沿海沿边中转，最后大多还只能以内贸形式发生。从2008年起，重庆着手建立直通国际大市场的开放大通道：空中，构建以江北国际机场为龙头的空中走廊。2014年底，江北国际机场国际客货航线已达47条，客运吞吐超过2900万人次，货邮吞吐超过30万吨，成为全球增长最快的枢纽机场；向东，依托长江黄金水道构建起出海大通道。目前，重庆航运港集装箱吞吐能力已达370万标箱，周边货物转口占比43%；向西，开通渝新欧国际铁路物流大通道。上世纪90年代，中欧铁路西线——中哈铁路在物理上就已联通了，尽管运距最短，但远不如东线和中线运行得好。从2011年开始，重庆致力推动建立跨国铁路、跨国海关的国际协调机制、组建渝新欧（重庆）物流公司、协调各方降低运费（运价降到每箱公里0.6美元、运时降到13天左右）、加强冬季运输保障等多项核心工作，最终实现渝新欧铁路常态运行。2014年又取得起点站国家一类口岸、进口汽车整车口岸、开通铁路运邮等突破。开行三年多来，累计运送货物1.2万余标箱，过境国际集装箱价值量占阿拉山口国际货物运输80%以上，成为中欧贸易陆上货运主通道。2014年3月，习近平主席访德期间，在杜伊斯堡见证了渝新欧班列到站，并给予高度评价。

二是完善开放基础设施，构建开放“大平台”。中国的国家级新区和保税区一度曾全在沿海，内陆是空白。在中央大力支持下，重庆设立了内陆第一个国家级新区——两江新区，同时设立了两路寸滩保税港区和西永综合保税区，连同4个国家级经开区、高新区和N个特色工业园区，构成了“1+2+4+N”开放平台体系。2014年，两江新区生产总值1861亿元，占全市的13%，大城区、大产业、大人群深度融合，呈蓬勃发展之势。两路寸滩保税港区和西永综保区进出口额达到680亿美元，占全市的72%，外向型产业集群已全面形成。

三是创新通关监管模式，推动开放“大通关”。近年来，我国沿海海关逐步实现了区域通关一体化，而内陆与沿海、沿边口岸仍是“两张皮”，很大程度上制约了内陆开放。为此，重庆着力深化“沪渝川”通关和“渝深快线、区域联动”，开展铁路和航空口岸关检合作试点，启动电子口岸“单一窗口”建设试点，逐步与沿海、沿边及长江沿线口岸实现了“一次申报、一次查验、一次放行”。特别是在渝新欧沿线国家，共同启动了内陆唯一的中欧“安智贸”项目，渝新欧全线实现五定班列“一卡通”。这一系列大通关措施，使得重庆进一步缩小了与沿海开放体制机制的差距。

四是创新内陆加工贸易，构建开放“大产业”。过去近30年，我国加工贸易因“两头在外”，几乎全部集中在东南沿海。国际金融危机之后，重庆敏锐地抓住全球电子信息产业重组机遇，创造了“多头在内、一头在外”的内陆加工贸易新模式，推动加工贸易由水平分工变为垂直整合，通过整机+配套、生产+研发、制造+结算“三结合”，不但将进项物流成本降到了最低，而且还将加工贸易“微笑曲线”的全流程复制到了重庆。2014年，重庆电子信息产业产值超过5000亿元，集聚了10多个品牌商和代工商，零部件企业达到860家，各类智能终端产品突破2亿台件，已成为全球最大的笔电基地。重庆还抓住新一轮信息技术革命的机遇，推进跨境电商、保税商品展示交易、铁路口岸物流、云计算大数据、跨境结算等“五大专项”，2014年服务贸易增长25%，离岸金融结算824亿美元，跨境人民币结算1602亿元，电子商务交易额达到4500亿元。

五是加快“引进来、走出去”，打造开放“大环境”。发展开放型经济，需要国资、民资、外资三轮驱动。2007年以前，重庆利用外资不足10亿美元，不及沿海一个县的水平，对经济的拉动微不足道。近几年，重庆着力推动政府治理和服务方式转变，明确政府权力清单，出台投资负面清单，给予外资准入前同等国民待遇，全方位、宽领域、多渠道利用外资，形成了制造业、房地产、现代服务业4：3：3的格局。重庆还加快完善对外投资平台机制，鼓励和支持国有、民营企业“走出去”，对外投资额稳步增长，“重庆造”更多走向海内外。

二、重庆在“一带一路”中战略定位

比较分析内陆若干重点城市，重庆具备特殊的战略地位、良好的基础条件和巨大的发展潜力，应当而且能够成为“一带一路”西部开发开放的重要支撑，具体体现为以下四方面的功能作用：

一是“丝绸之路经济带”的内陆桥头堡。丝绸之路经济带建设，关键要靠区位优越、通道畅通、要件齐全的节点城市的辐射带动。从区位看，重庆是内陆唯一处于“一带一路”和“长江经济带”的“Y”字形的节点城市，具有作为桥头堡的独特优势（见图2）。从通道看，渝新欧铁路作为中欧陆上贸易主通道，开通时间最早、运输量最大、运行最稳定，在国内外享有很高的知名度和美誉度。重庆还可通过沪渝、渝深五定班列（轮）有效接驳，与21世纪海上丝绸之路无缝衔接。从要件看，重庆具备“三个三合一”特征，这在内陆城市中绝无仅有。可以预见，随着“丝绸之路经济带”加快建设，重庆有望成为辐射华东、中部、华南、西南等地区甚至东南亚的转口贸易、中转贸易基地，为“丝绸之路经济带”建设夯基出力。

二是“长江经济带”的西部中心枢纽。一个城市能否中心枢纽，既要看经济规模、产业基础和成长性，又要看集聚辐射能力。从东部看，上海致力于建设国际经济中心、航运中心、金融中心和贸易中心，是长江经济带建设的龙头。从西部看，重庆是国家定位的长江上游地区经济中心，发展基础好，产业实力强，经济增速连续多年保持全国前列。以城市作为单位比较，重庆的经济体量位居全国前列，比其他城市更具辐射范围广、回旋余地大的城市群特征。因此，在推进长江经济带建设中，重庆与上海首尾呼应，可以带动整个长江流域协同发展。

三是“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的内陆产业腹地。21世纪海上丝绸之路是拓展我国经济发展空间的重要载体。当前，重庆与海上丝绸之路沿线国家经贸往来已十分密切，电子信息、汽摩、化工、材料、能源等优势企业早已深耕东南亚。2014年，重庆对东盟出口、进口分别为478.8亿元、685.6亿元，增长84.8%、24.5%，东盟已成为重庆第一大贸易伙伴。随着渝昆缅南向国际贸易大通道打通，重庆还可依托海上丝绸之路融入中巴、孟中印缅经济走廊，内陆开发开放优势将进一步凸显出来。

四是国际国内两个市场融合的交汇点。随着西部大开发深入推进，重庆的基础设施和公共服务日趋完善，许多产业领域具备了跨境开放、集聚辐射的典型特征。以金融业为例，重庆着力构建“全牌照”金融机构体系，能为各种所有制企业提供全方位、低成本的融资服务。重庆联合产权、农村土地、药品器械等10多个交易所年交易量1万亿元，已具备较强的区域集聚辐射能力。未来一段时期，随着中韩、中澳等自贸区建设提速推进，重庆集聚融合国内外资源要素的能力将不断增强，逐步成为国内国际两个市场新的融汇点和转化枢纽。

三、重庆融入“一带一路”战略的主攻方向

毋庸讳言，内陆开放在通道通关、区域协同、外向型人才和文化观念等方面也存在一些约束。当前和今后一个时期，重庆将在国家支持下，抓紧做好以下工作：

一是完善互联互通基础设施。争取国家层面组建渝新欧国际铁路联运联盟，加快设立进出口货物分拨中心，组织好沿线各国回程货源，提升中欧贸易陆上货运大通道水平。争取国家建设重庆至宜昌沿江货运铁路、修建翻坝高速公路等，提高长江黄金水道上游通行能力。加快渝昆高铁建设，并规划与之相呼应的高速公路、高等级公路和油气管道，打通长江经济带与海上丝绸之路互联的西南大通道。

二是大力发展口岸经济。充分利用两江新区、保税港区等平台，大力发展一般贸易、加工贸易、转口贸易和总部贸易，形成以口岸为依托的开放型产业体系。争取国家布局自由贸易园区，推动中新第三个政府间合作项目落地，扩大内陆城市现代服务业综合试点成果，推动商贸物流、电子商务、金融服务、检验检测、文化旅游等现代服务业对外开放。结合实施五大功能区域发展战略，积极拓展海关和检验检疫机构布局，尽快实现市域全覆盖。借鉴国际“单一窗口”运行模式，推动内陆、沿海、沿边的大通关协作，充分实现信息互换、监管互认、执法互助。

三是加强国际合作与交流。强化与中东欧、中亚、南亚等国家和地区合作，在海关合作、投资准入、产品标准、人员出入境、资金跨境流动等方面加大协调力度，不断拓展外部发展空间。扩大在一带一路沿线国家的工程承包规模，推动单轨、风电、航空等优势装备出口。与沿线国家互办旅游和展会活动，扩大文化交流与贸易往来。

To implement the“One Belt and One Road”strategy and the Yangtze River Economic Belt plan is a significant strategic decision made by the Party Central Committee and the State Council by identifying the innovation trend with the purpose of planning a new blueprint for China's opening-up and economic development.It was clearly pointed out in the Vision and Action of Promoting the Co-construction of Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road issued by Chinese government to make Chongqing an important pillar for western development and opening-up.It provides guidance and brings a golden historical opportunity for Chongqing to accelerate the construction as an inland vanguard for opening-up and speed up its integration into the economic globalization.A comprehensive study and review shows that Chongqing boasts a solid development foundation and a huge potential and the author believes that it should and is capable of taking this role to make new and greater contribution to the building of the One Belt and One Road.

I Chongqing’s Achievements in Building an Opening-up Frontier of Inland China

Chongqing serves as the only municipality in central and western China and the central city designated by the central government.Being landlocked,not close to the border or coastal areas,its limited opening-up was perceived as one of its weaknesses and caused great restriction to its development.In recent years,especially after the 18th CPC National Congress,Chongqing has accelerated the building of large transport thoroughfares,large platforms,efficient customs clearance,major industries and a strong economic eco-system so as to achieve the goal of building the openingup frontier in inland China,An opening-up pattern featuring three national level transportation hubs,three Class-I ports and three bonded areas (See Chart 1) has taken shape which integrates airway,railway and inland port transportation.In 2014,the total export-import volume of the city stood at USD 95.45 billion and increased by over 10 times compared to that of 2007;the foreign investment in actual use was USD 10.63 billion and increased by nearly 10 times compared to that of 2007,reaching over USD 10 billion for consecutive four years;besides,it has brought in 255 Fortune 500 enterprises,ranking first in central and western China.The strong rising of the opening-up frontier of inland China has boosted Chongqing’s economic aggregate to RMB 1.4265 trillion,ranking second to none nationwide for consecutive years.

Firstly,to speed up the opening-up both eastward and westward and put in place a great thoroughfare.“Walking on the narrow paths of Shu Kingdom is more difficult than climbing up to Heaven”was a true depiction of the traffic conditions in Chongqing.Just a few years ago,Chongqing was dependent on transit shipment from the border or coastal areas for import and export due to the lack of a transportation thoroughfare accessing the international market,and most of those businesses were done in the manner of domestic trade.Since 2008,Chongqing has engaged in building a thoroughfare directly connecting the international market.In terms of aviation transport,an air corridor centering on Jiangbei International Airport has been established.By the end of 2014,47 international passenger and freight air routes have been in function in Jiangbei International Airport with a passenger volume of over 29 million people and freight volume of more than 300,000 tons,making Jiangbei International Airport the fastest-growing one in the world.Eastward,a seabound passageway was built based on the golden waterway of Yangtze River.Up by now,the container volume in Chongqing’s shipping ports has reached 3.7 million TEU with the Re-Export trade to surrounding areas taking up 43% of the total.Westward,the great Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe (or Yu Xin’Ou) international railway has been opened.In the 1990s,the west line of Sino-European Railway had been connected with the Sino-Kazakhstan Railway,but in spite of the shortest distance,it was not running as well as the east and central lines.Since 2011,Chongqing has been dedicated to addressing multiple core issues,including promoting the establishment of international railways,international coordination mechanism for customs clearance,and Yu Xin’Ou (Chongqing) Logistics Co.,Ltd.,in an effort to cut transportation costs (have the freight rate of every container per kilometer reduced to USD 0.6 and the shipping time to about 13 days),and enhance transportation security during winter.As a result,the regular running of Yu Xin’Ou has been realized.The year of 2014 has also witnessed breakthroughs made in Chongqing including the establishment of Type-A ports,an import port for whole vehicles,and the railway mail transportation.For over 3 years since its operation,more than 12,000 TEU of goods have been transported and the value of international transit transport container services takes up over 80% of the international freight transportation in the Alataw Pass.It becomes the main channel for land freight transport in Sino-European trade.In March 2014,president Xi Jinping,during his visit in Germany,witnessed the arriving of Yu Xin’Ou at the station in Duisburg and spoke highly of it.

Secondly,to improve the infrastructure to establish an open “large platform”.The national level new districts and bonded areas were once opened in coastal region,instead of in hinterland China.Under the great support of the central government,Chongqing took the lead to set up the first national-level new district in inland China---- Liang Jiang New Area,together with Lianglu Cuntan Bonded Port Area and Xiyong Comprehensive Bonded Zone,which have formed an opening-up system of “1+2+4+N”featuring 4 national economic development zones,high-tech zones and numerous characteristic industrial parks.In 2014,the GDP of Liang Jiang New Area reached RMB 186.1 billion,accounting for 13% of Chongqing.With a deep integration of its urban areas,major industries and large populations,the city stands as a showcase of vigorous development momentum.The importexport volume of Lianglu Cuntan Bonded Port Area and Xiyong Comprehensive Bonded Zone amounted to USD 68.0 billion,accounting for 72% of Chongqing,and the export-oriented industrial clusters have been formed in an all-round way.

Thirdly,to create a customs clearance and supervision modal to push the “efficient custom clearance”.In China,the customs in coastal region has gradually achieved the regional clearance integration in recent years,but the inland ports are still kept away from ports in coastal and border areas ,restricting the opening-up of the inland to a great extent.For this reason,Chongqing commits itself to further improving the customs clearance of “Shanghai-Chongqing-Sichuan”and enhancing the “Chongqing-Shenzhen Fast Lane--- a Regional Cooperation”.It carries out the security check cooperation pilot projects for railway stations and airports,starts up the pilot of “one window”for electronic ports,and gradually achieve “onetime declaration,one-time check and one-time clearance”.The countries along the Yu Xin’Ou International Railway have jointly launched the China-Europe “Secure and Smart Trade Line Pilot Program”,and the Five-Fixed Trains running through the line of Yu Xin’Ou can be given green light using only one certificate.These measures for an efficient customs clearance have narrowed the gap between Chongqing and the coastal regions in terms of the opening-up mechanism.

Fourthly,to innovate the inland processing trade and establish the “major industries”.In the past 30 years,China almost had all the processing trade done in its South-East coastal areas due to “losing both ends in the production process (the supply of raw materials and the marketing of products) to the overseas markets”.After the international financial crisis,Chongqing keenly seized the opportunity of the restructuring of global IT industry,creating a new processing trade modal of “putting multi-ends on the domestic market,and one end on the overseas market”,and push the processing trade transforming from horizontal labor allocation into vertical integration.Through the combinations of complete machines plus supporting facilities,production plus R＆D and manufacturing plus financial settlement,it not only reduced the logistics cost to the minimum,but also adopted the “Smile Curve”in processing trade.

In 2014,the output value of IT industry in Chongqing exceeded over RMB 500 billion.Now Chongqing is home to over 10 brands and OEMs,as well as 860 components manufacturers,producing over 200 million smart terminal products,making Chongqing the largest notebook computer production base in the world.Besides,under the impetus of the new-round IT revolution,Chongqing has developed its “five specialized strength”such as cross-border e-commerce,bonded commodities exhibition ＆ trade,railway port logistics,cloud computing ,big data and cross-border settlement.And consequently,its service trade increased by 25% in 2014,with offshore financial settlement hitting USD 82.4 billion,crossborder settlement standing at RMB 160.2 billion,and the e-commerce trading volume reaching RMB 450.0 billion.

Lastly,to accelerate the strategy of “Go Global and Bring in”,to create an open “overall environment”.The development of open economy relies on the three-wheel driving forces of stateowned assets,private-owned capitals and foreign investment.Before 2007,the utilized foreign capital in Chongqing was not more than USD 1 billion,much less than that of one county in coastal region,thus,the power of foreign investment for pushing economic development was insignificant.But in recent years,Chongqing focused on transforming the government management and service modes,specifying the government power extent,issuing the Investment Negative List to give an equal national treatment prior to admission of foreign investment,developing an all-directional,wide-ranging and multi-channel foreign investment utilization mode and forming a pattern in manufacturing,real estate and modern service of 4:3:3.Besides,Chongqing quickened its construction of platform mechanism for investment abroad to encourage and support state-owned and private enterprises “Going Global”,and as a result,the investment abroad grew steadily,and more “made in Chongqing" products were sold at home and abroad.

Ⅱ.Strategic Orientation of Chongqing in the “One Belt and One Road”Initiative

It is found by comparing and analyzing several major inland cities of China that Chongqing,with a special strategic orientation,good basic conditions,and huge development potential,shall and can become an important pivot of the One Belt and One Road initiative to develop and open up the western region,which is specifically reflected by its four function roles:

Firstly,an inland bridgehead of the Silk Road Economic Belt.The key of building the Silk Road Economic Belt is to rely on node cities with favorable locations,smooth channels and complete critical conditions to radiate and drive.

In terms of location,Chongqing is the only node city that stands on the intersection of the One Belt and One Road and the Yangtze River Economic Belt in the inland region of China,boasting special advantages as a bridgehead.

In terms of channel,as the main land-based channel for Sino-Euro trade,Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe international railway is the first channel established with the largest freight volume and a highest stability level,and has already gained an extensive popularity and a high reputation.Chongqing can realize seamless connection with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road via Shanghai-Chongqing and Chongqing-Shenzhen five-fixed trains or ferries (fixed station,fixed route,fixed train number,fixed time and fixed price).In respect of critical conditions,Chongqing has three “3-in-1”s characteristics,which is exclusive among inland cities.It can be predicted that,as the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt speeds up,Chongqing is expected to become a base for entrepot and intermediary trade covering eastern,central,southern,southwest regions in China,and even Southeast Asia to consolidate the foundation of and contribute to the building of the Silk Road Economic Belt.

Secondly,a central hub of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in western China.It is the economic scale,industrial foundation and development potential that determine whether a city can be a central hub or not.In the eastern region,Shanghai,which plays a leading role in building the Yangtze River Economic Belt,is dedicated to the development of international economic,shipping,financial and trade centers.In the western region,Chongqing is a national economic center along the upstream reaches of the Yangtze River with strong development foundations,powerful industrial strengths and good economic growth rates ranking among the best for consecutive years.Chongqing is in the front row among all the cities in China in terms of economic volume,and has a broader radiating range and greater resilience,etc.,all of which are the characteristics of city clusters.Therefore,in the course developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt,Chongqing can work in concert with Shanghai to drive synergetic development of all cities along the Yangtze River.

Thirdly,an inland industrial base of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road is an important carrier to expand the space of China’s economic development.Currently,Chongqing has already established close economic and trade exchanges with countries along the Maritime Silk Road,and its competitive enterprises in fields of electric information,automobile and motorcycle,chemical,material,energy,etc.have long deepened their presence in Southeast Asia.In 2014,the exports and imports of Chongqing to ASEAN are RMB 47.88 billion,up 84.8%,and RMB 68.56 billion,up 24.5%,respectively,making ASEAN its the first largest trade partner.With the completion of the southward trade channel connecting Chongqing,Kunming and Burma,Chongqing will be able to take advantages of the Maritime Silk Road to enter into the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor,further making its inland development and opening-up advantages prominent.

Fourthly,an intersection between the domestic and the international markets.With the further promotion of the Going West Strategy,Chongqing’s infrastructure and public services are increasingly full-fledged,and many industries have obtained such typical features as cross-border openingup,and cluster radiating.For example,in the financial sector,Chongqing has vigorously constructed a "full-licensed" financial institution system for providing all-around and lowcost financing services to enterprises of all kinds of ownership.With a total annual trading volume of RMB 1 trillion,a dozen of exchange institutes,including Chongqing United Assets and Equity Exchange Group,Chongqing Rural Land Exchange,Chongqing Medicine Exchange,have already developed a strong ability of regional clustering and radiating.In a certain period in the future,as the development of China-South Korea and China-Australian Free Trade Areas pick up speed,Chongqing's ability to attract and merge domestic and foreign resource factors will be constantly strengthened,and the city will serve as a new intersection and transforming hub between China’s and international markets.

III.Focuses for Chongqing to Integrate into the OneBelt and One Road Initiative

Admittedly,the opening-up of inland China also encounters some constrains in the aspects of the entrance and customs clearance,regional coordination,the pool of international-oriented talents,cultural concepts,etc.At present and in the near future,Chongqing will attach great importance to and make great efforts in the following works under national support:

I.To improve connectivity of infrastructure.Chongqing will try to establish an alliance of the Chongqing-Xingjiang-Europe international railway interline transport at the state level,set up the establishment of export and import distribution center as soon as possible,organize well the commodity supply on return trip from the countries along the route and improve the performance of the trade channel on land between China and Europe .It will attempt to build a riverside freight railway from Chongqing to Yichang,construct expressway over dam and other projects under national construction program,and improve the capability of the golden waterway of upper Yangtze River.It will accelerate the construction of Chongqing-Kunming high-speed railway and make plans on the corresponding expressway,high-grade highway and oil and gas pipelines,so as to bring about a channel in Southwest China that links both the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the Maritime Silk Road

II.To make tremendous efforts on the development of border economy.Chongqing will make full use of the platforms of Liangjiang New Area and the bonded port areas to push forward the development of general trade,processing trade,entreport trade and headquarters economy so that an open industrial system on the basis of the ports will take shape.It will try to build a free trade zone planned by the State,promote the launch of the third Sino-Singaporean governmentto-government project,expand the comprehensive pilot achievements of modern service industry in inland cities and promote the opening-up of commercial logistics,E-commerce,financial services,inspection and testing,culture and tourism and other modern service industries.In line with the development strategy of five function zones,Chongqing will actively expand the layout of customs as well as inspection and quarantine institutions in view to achieve the full coverage of municipal administrative area as soon as possible.Chongqing will also learn from the international “one window”operational mode to promote the coordination of efficient custom clearance in inland,coastal and border ports,and fully realize information exchange,regulation of mutual recognition and mutual assistance in law enforcement.

III.To strengthen international exchanges and cooperation.Chongqing will strengthen cooperation with Central and Eastern Europe,Central Asia,Southern Asia and other countries and regions,reinforce the coordination in customs cooperation,investment access,product standards,entry-exit of personnel,cross-border cash flow and etc..It will expand the scale of project contracting in the countries along the One Belt and One Road and promote the export of equipments in the field of monorail,wind power,aviation and etc.It will hold interactive activities on tourism and exhibition with countries along the course to expand cultural exchanges and commercial connections.